• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.18-29
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• 2015

State Estimation (SE) is the basis of a variety of advanced applications used in most modern power systems. An SE problem formed with enough phasor measurement units (PMUs) data is simply a linear weighted least squares problem requiring no iterations. Thus, designing a minimum-cost placement of PMUs that guarantees observability of a power system becomes a worthy challenge. This paper proposes an equivalent integer linear programming method for substation-oriented optimal PMU placement (SOOPP). The proposed method uses an exhaustive search to determine a globally optimal solution representing the best PMU placement for that particular power system. To obtain a more comprehensive model, contingencies and the limitation of the number of PMU measurement channels are considered and embodied in the model as changes to the original constraints and as additional constraints. The proposed method is examined for applicability using the IEEE 14-bus, 118-bus and 300-bus test systems. The comparison between SOOPP results and results obtained by other methods reveals the excellence of SOOPP. Furthermore, practical large-scale power systems are also successfully analyzed using SOOPP.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2000

A new hardware compensation method reducing displacement measurement errors, caused by tilt of index scale in moire linear encoders, has been developed. In conventional moire linear encoders, the detectors are aligned perpendicular to the line of moire fringes this structure is very sensitive to an unwanted tilt of the gratings. In this paper, a newly designed grating, called a phase-modulated grating, is developed to compensate for non-orthogonal errors. By using the phase-modulated grating instead of a conventional index, it is possible to reduce non-orthogonal errors of moire linear encoders.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2005

Errors resulting from magnification variations of a optical system are largely generated in three-dimensional shape measurements based on depth-from-focus. In the case of measuring the surface morphology of tiny objects based on DFF, images are acquired with a very small interval so that magnification changes can be minimized. However, the magnification variations are actually existed in the acquired images and so focus measures are wrongly or ambiguously extracted. In this paper, a methodology with linear magnification calibrations, based on DFF, is proposed to make more accurate measurement in surface morphology with high depth discontinuity, compared with previous ones. Several experiments show that the proposed method outperforms existing ones without magnification calibrations.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2003

We consider the partially linear model E(Y) : X$^{t}$ $\beta$＋η(Z) when the X's are measured with additive error. The semiparametric likelihood estimation ignoring the measurement error gives inconsistent estimator for both $\beta$ and η(.). In this paper we suggest the SIMEX estimator for f to correct the bias induced by measurement error, and explore its properties. We show that the rational linear extrapolant is proper in extrapolation step in the sense that the SIMEX method under this extrapolant gives consistent estimator It is also shown that the SIMEX estimator is asymptotically equivalent to the semiparametric version of the usual parametric correction for attenuation suggested by Liang et al. (1999) A simulation study is given to compare two variance estimating methods for SIMEX estimator.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.214-219
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• 2000

This paper presents a recoil and counter recoil motion measurement system using linear variable differential transformers (LVDT). The output of the LVDT is obtained from the differential voltage of the secondary transformers. Since a transducer core is attached to the motion body, the output is directly proportional to the movement length of the core. Displacement, velocity and acceleration are measured from the LVDT. With a comparison between the measurement result and the reference value obtained by the highly accurate Vernier calipers, it is proved that the measurement system with the LVDT is applicable to the test of the moving part of the mechanism with better accuracy.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2007

This study proposes a new screw measurement system that is capable of measuring the pitch or lead of a screw, which is one of the most important parameters representing the screw quality. There are various conventional methods for screw measurement including some mechanical and optical ones, but they can not be applied to measure the lead except the profiles or sizes. The newly suggested method is able to measure the pitch or lead directly. This is executed by scanning the thread with a digital probe while the target screw rotates. The devised measurement system is a integrated computer system which is composed of a stepping motor, a digital linear gauge and a chuck device for holding the measured screw. In order to operate the system effectively and conveniently, a computer program having graphical user interface facility is developed. Some experiments were done to prove the effectiveness of the system.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.349-359
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• 2015

We study a semiparametric Bayesian approach to small area estimation under a nested error linear regression model with area level covariate subject to measurement error. Consideration is given to radial basis functions for the regression spline and knots on a grid of equally spaced sample quantiles of covariate with measurement errors in the nested error linear regression model setup. We conduct a hierarchical Bayesian structural measurement error model for small areas and prove the propriety of the joint posterior based on a given hierarchical Bayesian framework since some priors are defined non-informative improper priors that uses Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods to fit it. Our methodology is illustrated using numerical examples to compare possible models based on model adequacy criteria; in addition, analysis is conducted based on real data.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.157-162
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• 2012

Measurement error is one of main source of error in survey. It is generally defined as the difference between an observed value and an underlying true value. An observed value with error may be expressed as a function of the true value plus error term. In some cases, the measurement error variance may be also a function of the unknown true value. The error variance function can be rewritten as a function of true value multiplied by a scale factor. This research explore methods for estimation of the measurement error variance based on the data from complex sampling design. We consider the case in which the variance of mesurement error is a linear function of unknown true value, and the error variance scale factor is small. We applied our results to the U.S. Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (the U.S. NHANES III) data for empirical analyses, which has replicate measurements for relatively small subset of initial respondents's group.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.18-30
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• 2020

본 연구는 고체추진기관의 추력측정불확도 추정 방법에 관한 것이다. 힘 측정불확도 추정 지침은 ISO와 국내외 기구에서 제공하고 있으나 모든 내용이 실험실에서 운용하는 하중시험기와 하중 센서의 교정을 중심으로 기술되고, 개념적으로 기술되어 있다. 추력시험대 불확도의 주요 원인인 교정식과 선형화 불확도의 추정에 대해서는 해당 지침을 직접 적용할 수는 없다. 본 논문에서는 측정불확도 기본 개념을 이용하여 교정식 불확도와 교정식의 선형화 불확도를 추정하는 식을 만들고, 이를 추력 시험대의 추력측정불확도에 추정하여 적용하였으며, 비교적 간단한 추력측정불확도 추정 방법을 제안하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.276-283
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• 2012

In this paper, a practical quasi-optimal DOA(direction of arrival) estimator is proposed in order to develop a one-axis gimbaled ultrasonic source tracker for mobile robot applications. With help of the gimbal structure, the ultrasonic moving source tracking problem can be simply reduced to the DOA estimation. The DOA estimation is known as one of the representative long-pending nonlinear filtering problems, but the conventional nonlinear filters might be restrictive in many actual situations because it cannot guarantee the reliable performance due to the use of nonlinear signal model. This motivates us to reformulate the DOA estimation problem in the linear robust state estimation setting. Based on the assumption that the received ultrasonic signals are noisy sinusoids satisfying linear prediction property, a linear uncertain measurement model is newly derived. To avoid the DOA estimation performance degradation caused by the stochastic parameter uncertainty contained in the linear measurement model, the recently developed NCRKF (non-conservative robust Kalman filter) scheme [1] is utilized. The proposed linear DOA estimator provides excellent DOA estimation performance and it is suitable for real-time implementation for its linear recursive filter structure. The effectiveness of the suggested DOA estimation scheme is demonstrated through simulations and experiments.