• Mycobiology
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

Morphological characteristics of hyphal interaction between Grifola umbellata (Pers. Ex Fr.) Pilat and its companion fungus which related to sclerotia formation from hyphae were investigated by external observations, light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). External observations showed that a dense antagonism line was formed by both G. umbellata and companion fungus after their hyphae contacted each other in dual culture. Many hyphal strands emerged on the colony of G. umbellata and differentiated to sclerotia from where hyphal strands crossed. Light microscope observations revealed the process of antagonism line formation. Mature antagonism with structural differentiation, was composed of three main layers: the rind, the rind underlayer and the hypha layer. TEM observations showed that after colonies hyphal contact, a series of reactions always occurred in both G. umbellata and companion fungus. Cells in the center of antagonism line were dead. Cells of G. umbellata adjacent to the antagonism line were usually large and hollow, with unilateral thickened wall, whereas those of companion fungus were empty, with thin or thick wall. Both hyphal interaction at the antagonism line may be one of the main reasons for sclerotia of G. umbellata differentiation from hypha.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2001

후막광식각 기술은 스크린 인쇄 등의 일반적 후막공정에 노광 및 현상등의 리소그라피 공정 을 접목시킨 새로운 기술이다. 그린시트를 적층한 후 감광성 Ag 페이스트를 도포하고, 패턴을 노광, 현상, 동시소성하여 스크린 인쇄법으로는 어려운 25 $\mu\textrm{m}$ 선폭과 25 $\mu\textrm{m}$ 선간공백을 구현하였다. 알루미나 기판을 사용하였을 경우에도 유사한 방법으로 20 $\mu\textrm{m}$에 가까운 선폭이 구현 가능하였으며, 노광량과 현상시간이 미세라인 형성에 있어서 가장 중요한 공정변수임을 확인하였다. 또한, 광식각 기술을 이용하여 정밀도가 높고 고주파 대역에서 전송특성이 우수한 microstrip 전송선로와 series gap 공진기를 제작하여, 이로부터 기판의 유전률 및 유전손실을 계산하였다.

• 천문학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.279-282
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• 2005

We report the millimeter-wave radio observations of molecular cloud cores in Taurus. The observed line is the $N_2H^+$ emission at 93 GHz, which is known to be less affected by molecular depletion. We have compared starless (IRAS-less) cores with star-forming cores. We found that there is no large difference between starless and star-forming cores, in core radius, linewidth, core mass, and radial intensity profile. Our result is in contrast with the result obtained by using a popular molecular line, in which starless cores are larger and less condensed. We suggest that different results mainly come from whether the employed molecular line is affected by depletion or not. We made a virial analysis, and found that both starless and star-forming cores are not far from the critical equilibrium state, in Taurus. Together with the fact that Taurus cores are almost thermally supported, we conclude that starless Taurus cores evolve to star formation without dissipating turbulence. The critical equilibrium state in the virial analysis corresponds to the critical Bonnor-Ebert sphere in the Bonnor-Ebert analysis (Nakano 1998). It is suggested that the initial condition of the molecular cloud cores/globules for star formation is close to the critical equilibrium state/critical Bonnor-Ebert sphere, in the low-mass star forming region.

• 천문학회보
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.70.3-70.3
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• 2019

Understanding how the filamentary structure affects the formation of the prestellar cores and stars is a key issue to challenge. We use the Heterodyne Array Receiver Program (HARP) of the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) to obtain molecular line mapping data for two prestellar cores in different environment, L1544 in filamentary cloud and L694-2 in a small cloud isolated. Observing lines are $^{13}CO$ and $C^{18}O$ (3-2) line to find possible flow motions along the filament, $^{12}CO$ (3-2) to search for any radial accretion (or infalling motions) toward the cores of gas material from their surrounding regions, and $HCO^+$ (4-3) lines to find at which density and which region in the core gases start to be in gravitational collapse. In the 1st moment maps of $^{13}CO$ and $C^{18}O$, velocity gradient patterns implying the flow of material were found at the cores and its surrounding filamentary clouds. The infall asymmetry patterns of HCO+ and $^{13}CO$ line profiles were detected to be good enough to analyze the infalling motions toward the cores. We will report further analysis results on core formation in the filamentary cloud at this meeting.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 추계학술발표논문집
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• pp.57-70
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• 2006

Microparticle and micropolymer retention and drainage aid systems are powerful tools for paper and board making on a variety of machines. Drawbacks attributed to the current systems sometimes include; apparent high cost, production and quality problems and in some cases a negative effect on formation. The next generation multi-component organic/inorganic systems have demonstrated their ability to decouple the effects of retention and drainage and to improve the formation and print quality for the same retention and in some cases higher retention levels. It is now possible to optimize independently retention, drainage and formation effects with the same high return on investment of current microparticle systems.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2003

The methanol extracts of the aerial parts, leaves and stem of Hypericum hookerianum were tested for in vitro cytotoxicity on selected normal and cancer cell lines and anti tumor activity using DLA cells. Cell viability and morphological changes were assessed. Among the three extracts tested, the stem extract of Hypericum hookerianum showed potent cytotoxicity against HEp-2 and RD cell lines. The $CTC_{50}$(concentration required to reduce viability by 50%) of this extract was found to be $2.02\;{\mu}g/ml$ for RD cell line, $10.25\;{\mu}g/ml$ for HEp-2 cell line and $100.06\;{\mu}g/ml$ for Vero cell line. In the clonogenic assay, no colony formation was observed up to a concentration of $100\;{\mu}g/ml$. In the short term cytotoxicity studies using DLA cells, 50% viability was observed in the concentration range of $50-100\;{\mu}g/ml$ for aerial parts, $100-200\;{\mu}g/ml$ for stem and more than $200\;{\mu}g/ml$ for leaf extracts of Hypericum hookerianum. In the long-term activity using HEp-2 cell line, no colony formation was observed over a concentration of 200 mg/ml for the stem extract. Hypericum hookerianum stem extract was fractionated into petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol soluble fractions. The petroleum ether and chloroform soluble fractions showed higher cytotoxic activity against HEp-2 cell line when compared to the other two fractions. The methanol stem extract of Hypericum hookerianum has the potential for further investigation in animal models to determine its anti-tumor activity and to identify its active principles.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.333-337
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• 1998

This study was carried out to get infomation on the nitric oxide production ability and its formation mechanisms of polysaccharides extracted from Ganoderma lucidum(PSG) by using murine macrophage cell line. The cultured mycelial cells of Ganoderma lucidum were extracted by alkali, and than neutralized by acid. The extract were passed through the column of DEAE cellulose for more purification. The neutral fraction was concentrated and precipitated with 95% ethanol. The precipitate was lyophilized and PSG was obtained. The immunomodulating effects of PSG on macrophage were performed by using murine macrophage cell line ATCC TIB 71 cells with PSG 0.5mg. PSG alone could not induce the production of nitrite, but it had a significant potential effect on nitrite secretion when the cells were primed and triggered with BCG and Interferon(IFN)-${\gamma}$. Also it was prominent by using calcium channel blocker(verapamil) and adenylate cyclase activator(forskolin).

• 한국섬유공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국섬유공학회 2000년도 봄 한국섬유공학회 학술발표회 논문집(Proceedings of the Korean Textile Conference)
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• pp.61-64
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• 2000

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제18권2호통권23호
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• pp.1-2
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• 2004

The Ilkwang Fault is NNE-striking, elongated 40 Km between Ulsan and Haendae-ku, Busan in southeastem part of the Korean Peninsula(Kim, D.H. et al., 1989; Kim, J.S. et al., 2003). This paper is mainly concemed about the ages of the fault activities especially in the Quatemary, infered from classification of geomorphic surface and trench excavation for the construction of Singori nuclear power plant. The geomorphi surfaces are classified into the Beach and the Alluvial plain, the 10 m a.s.l. Marine terrace, the 20 m a.s.l. Marine terrace, the Reworked surface of 45 m a.s.l. Marine terrace and the Low relief erosional surface, from lower to higher altitude. The Beach and the Alluvial plain are elongated to the Holocene terrace(ist terrace, choi, 2003). The 10 m a.s.l. Marine terrace is correlated to 2nd terrace (MIS 5em 125 Ka. y. B.P., Choi, 1998). The 45 m a.s.l. Marine terace is correlated to the Lower marine terrace (MIS 7,220 Ka. y. B.P., Choi, 2003 or MIS 9,320 y. B.P.) to the Gwanganri terrace(Penultimate interglacial age, 200-200 Ka. Y. B.P., Oh, 1981). The Low relief erosional surface is distributed coastal side, the Reworked surface of 45 m a.s.l. Marine terrace inland side by the Ilkwang Fault Line as the boundary line. But the former is above 10 m higher in relative height than the latter. The 20 m a.s.l. Marine terrace on the elongation line of the Ilkwang Fault reveals no dislocation. A site was trenched on the straight contract line with $N30^{\circ}$ E-striking between the 10 m a.s.l. Marine terrace and the 20 m a.s.l. Marine terrace. Fault line or dislocation was not observable in the trench excavation. Accordingly, the straight contact line is inferred as the ancient shoreline of the 10 m a.s.l. Marine terrace. The Ages of the Fault activities are inferred after the formation of the Ichonri Formation - before the formation of the 45 m a.s.l. Marine terrace (220 Ka. y. B.P. or 320 Ka. y. B.P.). The Low relief erosional surface was an island above the sea-level during the formation of the 45 m a.s.l. Marine terrace in the paleogeography.

• 한국우주과학회:학술대회논문집(한국우주과학회보)
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• 한국우주과학회 2009년도 한국우주과학회보 제18권2호
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• pp.35.1-35.1
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• 2009

We have established a database of galaxy spectral line strengths for the SDSS database using an improved line measuring method. Our work includes the entire SDSS DR7 galaxies within redshift of 0.2. The absorption line strengths measured by the SDSS pipeline are seriously contaminated by emission filling. Our code, GANDALF (gas and absorption line fitting code) performs more accurate measurements by effectively separating emission lines from absorption lines. A significant improvement has also been made on the velocity dispersion measurement, more notably in late-type galaxies. We have also identified a number of broad line region galaxies which were misclassified as normal galaxies by the SDSS pipeline. We developed an effective method measuring their line strengths. The database will be provided with new parameters that are indicative of the line strength measurement quality. In addition, we made galaxy templates for the Hubble sequence. The database will be useful for many fields of galaxy studies including star formation and AGN activities.