• Title/Summary/Keyword: light installation cost

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Theoretical Design for the Production of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in a Closed Plant Factory

  • Bae, Jong Hyang;Austin, Jirapa;Jeon, Yoon-A;Cha, Mi-Kyung;Cho, Young-Yeol
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.840-844
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    • 2016
  • Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a grain crop with high nutritional value. The leaves and sprouts of quinoa can also be consumed either raw or cooked, providing considerably nutritional value as well as high antioxidant and anticancer activities. This study was carried out to obtain basic data to assist in the practical design of a plant factory with artificial lighting for the cultivation of quinoa as a leafy vegetable. We estimated the energy content of the quinoa and the electrical energy required to produce this crop. The yield was 1,000 plants per day, with a planting density and light intensity of $0.015m^2$ ($15{\times}10cm$) and $200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, respectively. The total number of plants, cultivation area, and electricity consumption were estimated to be 25,000, $375m^2$, and $93,750{\mu}mol{\cdot}s^{-1}$, respectively. White fluorescent lamps were used at a power of 20.4 kW from 1,857 fluorescent lamps (FL, 55 W), and the cost for electricity was approximately 1,820 dollars (exchange rate of $1 = 1,200 won) per month. For a daily harvest of 1,000 plants per day in a closed plant factory, the estimated light installation cost, total installation cost, and total production cost would be 15,473, 46,421, and 55,704 dollars, respectively. The calculated production cost per plant, including labor costs, would be 27 cents for the 25-day cultivation period, with a marketable ratio of 80%. Considering the annual total expenses, income, and depreciation costs, the selling price per plant was estimated to be approximately 56 cents.

A Study for Designing of Intelligent Lighting Control LED Apparatus (지능형 조명 제어 시스템용 LED 단말기 개발)

  • Yoo, Soo-Yeub;Lee, Gi-Heon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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    • 2008.10a
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    • pp.101-104
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    • 2008
  • This paper is a report of designing for LED lights driver unit. The main purpose of driver designing is high electrical efficient performance and intelligent control LED driver. This LED driver can be used for intelligent light control. This product expects to improve the light control by dimming instead of interlace on/off light control that increases the social cost such as car accidents and etc.

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Study on a Forward Light Changes According to the Surface Treatment of Light Cutoff Panel (차광판 표면 처리 방법에 따른 전사광 변화에 관한 연구)

  • Gu, Jinhoi;Kwon, Myunghee;Lee, Yoon-Gyeong
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.28 no.12
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    • pp.1-5
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    • 2014
  • Since the "Light Pollution Prevention Act" was executed, the installation of the light cutoff panel to the security lightings which caused light trespass has been increased in the local government. The light cutoff panel is effective in reducing the light trespass in term of the cost-benefit. Because the installation of the light cutoff panel is inexpensive than the change of the security lighting. But the reflected light from the surface of the light cutoff panel has been regarded as another light pollution problem to solve. Therefore, we try to improve light cutoff panel by changing the light reflectivity characteristic of the surface of the light cutoff panel. First, we laminated the surface of light cutoff panel by black powder to reduce the light reflectivity of the light cutoff panel. After the black powder lamination, the light reflectivity on the light cutoff panel improved from 85% to 5%. And we compared reflected light caused by black powder laminated light cutoff panel with the one of no surface treatment cutoff panel. The vertical illuminance was measured at 3, 6, 9m in front of the security lighting and 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18m in back of the security lighting to evaluate the reflected light. And the measurement height was determined of 1.5m considering the height of the 1th floor of an apartment house. In this study, we found that the reflected light from the light cutoff panel can be reduced about 90% by the black powder lamination method. The results derived from this study will be helpful to develope the various kind of light cutoff panel which minimize the adverse effect like reflected light of light cutoff panel.

Practical Design of an Artificial Light-Used Plant Factory for Common Ice Plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) (인공광 이용형 Common Ice Plant 식물공장의 실용적 설계)

  • Cha, Mi-Kyung;Kim, Ju-Sung;Shin, Jong Hwa;Son, Jung Eek;Cho, Young Yeol
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.371-375
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    • 2014
  • This study was carried out to get the basic data to practically design an artificial light-used plant factory system for common ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) cultivation. The adequate range of light intensity was $120-200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ and the carbon fixed rates was $0.84nmolCO_2{\cdot}cm^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$. When the planting density, light intensity, and yield were $0.0225m^2$ ($15{\times}15cm$), $200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, and 1,000 plants per day, the total number of the plants, cultivated area, and total light intensities were estimated as 25,000 plants, $563m^2$, and $140,625{\mu}mol{\cdot}s^{-1}$, respectively. About 153.2kW with 2,785 fluorescent lights (FL) needed for the electric power and the electricity charges was 2.46 million won for one month. At a harvest rate of 1,000 plants per day in closed-type plant factory, the light installation cost, total installation cost, and total production cost were 27.85, 83.56, and 100.27 million won, respectively. The production cost per plant including labor cost was calculated as 370 won, providing that the cultivation period was 25 days and marketable ratio was 80%. Considering the annual total expenses, incomes, and depreciation cost, the sales cost per plant could be estimated around 970 won or higher.

Research on Effect of Installing light shield of Existing Security Lights for Preventive Measures for Light Pollution (빛공해 방지 대책을 위한 기존 보안등기구의 차광판 설치 효과 연구)

  • Han, Seung-Hun;Gu, Jin-Hoi;Lee, Yoon-Gyeong
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.7-13
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    • 2014
  • As issues on light pollution is being raised recently, movements to prevent light pollution is being implemented by each local government, such as by enforcing the Light Pollution Act from February 2013, in order to require compliance with the light-emitting permission level of existing lighting facilities. However, despite the regulations, no specific measures on products are being prepared. Thus, this Research has designed a light shield as a measure to minimize the burden of the effectiveness and time required for development and the burden of the cost necessary to re-install existing light facilities in its entirety and reviewed the effect of the measure through the BUG ratings.

Development on Integrated Management System for Outdoor Light Facility (야외 조명시설 통합관리 시스템 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Jeon, Chang-Dae;Chang, Byong-Kun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.20 no.8
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    • pp.15-21
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    • 2006
  • This paper concerns developing an integrated online/offline light facility management system using internet and building a database system for control box and street light. Also, we designed the system to minimize the disparity with the conventional management system by referring to an old management ledger format. Thus, the proposed method may enable the system manager to administer the light facility efficiently and to reduce the manpower and maintenance cost, economically.

A Study on Efficient On-line/Off-line Street Light Facility Management Database System (효율적인 온라인/오프라인 가로등시설 관리를 위한 데이터베이스 시스템에 관한 연구)

  • Jeon, Chang-Dae;Chang, Byong-Kun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.162-168
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    • 2005
  • This paper concerns developing a real time on-line light facility management system using internet and building a database system for control box and street light. Also, we designed the system to minimize the disparity with the conventional management system by referring to an old management ledger format. Thus, the proposed method may enable the system manager to administer the light facility efficiently and to reduce manpower and maintenance cost.

Research on Integrated Management System for Light Facility (조명시설 통합관리 시스템 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Jeon, Chang-Dae;Chang, Byong-Kun;Kim, Young-Joo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.101-105
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    • 2005
  • This paper concerns developing a integrated online/offline light facility management system for light facility using internet and building a database system for control box and street light. Also, we designed the system to minimize the disparity with the conventional management system by referring to a old management ledger format. Thus, the proposed method may enable the system manager to administer the light facility efficiently and to reduce the manpower cost, and time economically.

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Development of On-line/Off-line Light Facility Management Program (온라인/오프라인 조명시설 관리 프로그램의 개발)

  • Jeon, Chang-Dae;Chang, Byong-Kun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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    • 2004.11a
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    • pp.91-95
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    • 2004
  • This paper concerns developing a real time on-line light facility management system using internet and building a database system for control box and street light. Also, we designed the system to minimize the disparity with the conventional management system by referring to a old management ledger format. Thus, the proposed method may enable the system manager to administer the light facility efficiently and to reduce the manpower cost, and time economically.

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The Consideration of the Development Testing for LED type In-pavement Aeronautical Lights (LED형 매립형 항공등 시스템의 개발 시험에 대한 고찰)

  • Lee, Sang-Cheol;Shin, Jae-Heung;Lee, Seung-Youn;Lim, Keun-Young;Lim, Min-Su
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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    • v.61 no.3
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    • pp.140-148
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    • 2012
  • Aeronautical lights, which are internationally standardized sequence of colors and placements, are aeronautic safety devices that provide visual information to pilots by continuously adjusting their light intensity to appropriate level. In this paper, we consider the development testing for in pavement LED aeronautical light system such as taxiway centerline, stop line and temporary stop line. The test results of LED sourced lights have shown a drastic improvement in power consumption levels and cost efficiency compared to their halogen sourced counterparts The LED light used only 42.7% as much power as their halogen sourced counterparts. Taking installation costs into account, LED will cost only 58% of its halogen counterparts. These results suggest that developing the LED sourced aeronautical light would result in globally competitive products thar guarantees satisfaction to their consumers, and that both cost effective and energy efficient.