• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.517-526
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• 2016

This study analyzed the correlation between BMD (bone mineral density) value calculated in the MDCT (multidetector computed tomography) and lifestyle, physical features and social characteristics. From July 15 2015 to June 6 2016, we converted from HU (hounsfield unit) value measured by using MDCT to T-score for BMD of 141 patients (male: 63, female: 78) in W medical center. We measured the 2nd, 3rd and 4th lumbar spine and analyzed the correlation between gender differences in BMD and lifestyle, physical features and social characteristics. Statistical significance was validated using independent sample T test with one way Anova. Gender BMD was confirmed that a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). BMD values decreased with increasing age but for the statistically men, there was no significant difference from 20s to 50s, it only showed a significant difference in 20s and 60s (p<0.001). For the statistically women, there was no significant difference from 20s to 40s. but since 50s BMD was decreased rapidly, which showed a significant difference (p<0.001). women showed significant differences for the menstruation and menopause, childbirth, alcohol, cereals and greasy food in bone mineral density (p<0.05) but there were no significant differences in men. The bone mineral density values calculated by the MDCT and lifestyle, physical features and social characteristics correlation analysis method is considered to be used as a basis for estimating the state in BMD and osteoporosis management.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.512-525
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• 2003

The relationship between dietary practices and juvenile delinquency was studied using a dietary survey. Subjects were selected from juvenile delinquents who were under the supervision of the Seoul Probation Office of the Ministry of Justice. The study group consisted of 52 male and 52 female delinquents. As a control group, 104 exemplary high school students were selected in Seoul. A questionnaire was designed to find out the subjects' general characteristics, dietary habits, lifestyle, eating behavior, food frequency, and nutrient intake using the 24-hour recall method. Compared to the exemplary students, the juvenile delinquents were significantly different in education level, family status, monthly allowance, residence status, breast fed, parents' education level, parents' concern. In dietary habits, fifty-eight percent of the juvenile delinquents ate 2 or fewer meals per day, preferred to eat with friends, and liked hot tasting foods. The juvenile delinquents consumed more ion drinks (OR = 9.26 CI: 3.83 -22.37), rameon (OR = 7.67 CI: 3.21 - 18.33), cola (OR = 6.75 CI: 2.91 - 15.69), soft drinks (OR = 6.12 CI: 2.53- 14.81), steamed korean sausage (OR = 5.34 CI:2.31 - 12.32), hamburger (OR = 5.15 CI: 1.91 - 13.87), kimbab (OR = 3.63 CI: 1.76-7.46), ddokbokgi (OR = 3.17 CI: 1.58-6.38), candy (OR = 3.08 CI: 1.41-6.73), white rice (OR = 2.59 CI: 1.19-5.64), hotdog (OR = 2.52 CI: 1.31-4.86), and less rice mixed with grains (OR = 0.02 CI: 0.01-0.05), tangerine (OR = 0.06 CI: 0.02 - 0.20), milk (OR = 0.29 CI: 0.14 - 0.60), roasted fish (OR = 0.32 CI: 0.28-0.99, anchovy (OR = 0.35 CI: 0.17 - 0.72), seaweed (OR = 0.37 CI: 0.16 - 0.83), and tofu (OR = 0.48 CI: 0.23-0.99) than the exemplary students. With respect to the juvenile delinquents, the nutrient intakes lower than 75％ of the Korean RDA were for riboflavin (75.0％) and calcium (47.9％) among the boys, and calcium (46.9％) and iron (60.4％) among the girls. To prevent juvenile delinquency, nutritional education and well-balanced school food service meals should be emphasized so as to improve the management of dietary practices. (Korean J Community Nutrition 8(4) : 512∼525, 2003)

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.318-332
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the behavioral modification of obese adults who underwent nutritional and physical activity education. Twenty obese females, aged 20-60 years old, with BMIs (Body Mass Index) >30 or body fat (%) >40 were subjected to this study. Methods: The physical activity education program consisted of doing exercise in a gymnasium together or home exercise. Dietary attitudes and dietary intakes were assessed using weight control, physical activity, and eating habits. The nutrition-exercise educational period was 12 weeks. Results: After the study period, there was significant improvement in physical activity and eating habits score. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the dietary intakes of fiber, iron, potassium, vitamin A, vitamin $B_6$, and niacin. Blood pressure, blood glucose, and total cholesterol levels showed a tendency to decrease, but there was no significant difference. BMI, fat mass, abdominal circumference, and visceral fat levels were significantly reduced while muscle mass significantly increased. Conclusions: This study suggests that behavioral modification by nutrition and physical activity education with feedback has positive effects on dietary intake and anthropometric biomarkers in obese adults. Therefore, lifestyle interventions of this kind could be recommended as a method for obesity management.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.250-266
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• 2015

This study concentrated on the dining out consumption behaviors, dining out selection attributes, and changes in eating habits of silver generation. Total 216 residents in metropolitan area were employed for statistical analysing. The results are as follows. First, as the result of t-test and ANOVA showed that female and higher academic background tended to regularly take high level of fruits, vegetables, meat, and fish eating habits. These results identified that dining out culture and dietary lifestyle are closely linked. Second, as the result of difference in dining out consumption attitudes on eating habit of silver generation, consumers who have better eating behaviors tended to consider the physical environment, variety of menu, and service quality when they choose a restaurant. Third, as the result of analysis on changes in dining out consumption behavior based on eating behavior of silver consumers, groups differences were found from only the source for information on dining out business and standard variable in selection of dining out business. Fourth, physical environment, variety of menu, business quality, and service were indicated as significant selection attributes of dining out among silver peoples. Fifth, dining out consumption behaviors of silver consumers were developed through newspapers, magazines, and previous visiting experiences. In conclusion, the results of present study showed that silver consumers tend to select a restaurant based on word-of-mouth and various factors related to experiences. Hence, various promotional activities are necessary for the business succession.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.358-372
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to describe the way of life (such as smoking habits, alcohol consumption, exercise, duration of sleep, eating habits etc.), physical. psychological and overall health complaints and to identify the relationship between the way of life and health complaints of the nursing students. Data was collected with the self-administered OMI( Okayama Medical Index Health Questionnaire, devised Cornell Medical Index) from 766 nursing students and was analyzed. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and an ANOVA with an SPSS/PC+ program were used. The results were as follows: 1. The mean age of subjects was 21.0557(2.7618) years old in their 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th year-classes of nursing departments and college students in 4 regions of Korea. 62.1% of subjects were of the proper body weight, 2.0% were overweight, and 28.3% were underweight. Most subjects did not have a past history of disease, but 1.8% of subjects had experienced a blood transfusion. 2. 28.3% of the subjects had averaged 7 hours of sleep, 98.5% were nonsmokers, 91.2% were nondrinkers, 74.7% of subjects had milk intake sometimes, 53.7% of the subjects had an average salt intake, 49.6% of the subjects usually had a green vegetable intake, 45.4% of the subjects sometimes had fatty food intake, 64.8% of the subjects had good taste, 29.5% of the subjects enjoyed physical exercise. 3. The highest percentages of 'yes' among physical. psychological and overall health complaints were observed in the question 'Do you have gastric pain?'(60.2%), 'Are you confused of disorderly?' (37.2%), 'Physical body was burdensome and fatigued.'(57.3%). 4. The total O.M.I. score ranged from 1 to 89 with an average of 22.91(SD=12.10). A statistically significant difference was observed for the physical. psychological complaints for alcohol consumption. and for the psychological complaints for salt and fatty food intake. These conclusions should provide grounds for future studies of strategies for health promoting lifestyle for nursing students and their health concerns. Further research is required to investigate the life environmental and psychological factors affecting the way of life for nursing students and their health status, to analyze the health behavior of nursing students related with their culture and consciousness. Also epidemiologic research methodology, such as prospective cohort study should be considered to explore the performing process of nursing student's health behavior related with the occurrence of diseases.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.265-274
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary habits of the relevant factors according to the obesity status of children and adolescents. Services research studies conducted in the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Family Affairs of the '2009 Children and Youth Online Games and Family Activity Survey findings utilizing data. Study, the subjects utilized 9,462 elementary school students 2,778 people, 3,385 middle school students, high school students a total of 3,299 people were enrolled in the study. Were grouped according to the BMI of the study subjects. After dinner snack intake 18.5>BMI groups disagree 38.8%, 18.5${\leq}$BMI<23.0 group it was 41.1%, 23.5${\leq}$BMI<25.0 group it was 40.1%, $25{\leq}BMI$ groups disagree 37.4% response was highest(p=0.001). Investigate whether regular exercise every day, results showed that a high BMI index groups do not exercise more. Aggressiveness in time, such as physical education, the survey showed that a low BMI index group more likely to exercise vigorously. BMI index group of people around you and the speed of eating more meals were faster. If you let more to allow time to practice proper education of children and youth, health and enrich lives of the appropriation will be able to Services to live a healthy and happy life than to correct perceptions and lifestyles of children and adolescents. To do this, there is a need to educate parents, children and youth, as well as.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.574-582
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• 1998

This study was carried out to discover the effects of eating habits and health-related life style on blood pressure, $\gamma$-Glutamic acid Peptide Transferase($\gamma$-GPT), blood glucose and High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol(HDL-C). 185 subjects(85 male, 100 female) were selected, who were living in the Cheonju area aged 40#s to 60#s. The mean systollic blood pressure(SBP), diastollic blood pressure (DBP), $\gamma$-GPT, fasting blood sugar(FBS) and HDL-C for all the subjects were 118mmHg, 77mmHg, 281U/l, 90mg/dl and 45mg/dl, respectively. The SBP and DBP for subuects over 60 years old were 126mmHg and 81mmHg and were significantly higher than subjects in their 40#s and 50#s(p<0.001, p<0.005). The HDL-C of the group that rarely ate breakfast was 57mg/dl and that was significantly higher than the 44mg/dl scored by those who ate breakfast everyday(p<0.05). The SBP for subjects having a snack 2-3 times/week was 125mmHg and that was significantly higher than the 114mmHg of those having a snack everyday(p<0.05). The $\gamma$-GPT for subjects consuming alcohol everyday was 44IU/L and that was significantly higher than 18IU/I of the non-drinking group(p<0.001). The $\gamma$-GPT of light smokers was 53IU/I and that was significantly higher than the 22IU/I for non-smoking participants(p<0.001). The DBP, SBP, $\gamma$-GPT, FBS and HDL-C related to exercise not significantly different. The SBP(p<0.001) and DBP(p-0.01) between age group was positively correlated. The $\gamma$-GPT between drinking frequency(p<0.001), drinking quantity(p<0.05), and smoking(p<0.05) was also positively correlated. The FBS between exercises had a negative correlation(p<0.05), and the HDL-C between breakfast had a negative correlation(p<0.05). These results indicate that decreasing drinking and smoking, when combined with appropriate exercise, will decrease the $\gamma$-GPT and fasting blood sugar level, and help preventing adult diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.285-295
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to compare the awareness of dietary patterns and health of full-time and employed housewives. The investigation gathered information on general characteristics, dietary lifestyle, nutritional status, and health by questionnaire as well as anthropometric measurements. The subjects included housewives living in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province (86 full-time and 127 working housewives) during November 2009 to January 2010. The average age, height, and weight of the housewives were $45.8{\pm}7.6\;yr$, $161.0{\pm}8.4\;cm$, and $55.7{\pm}6.3\;kg$, respectively. The average monthly income of the households was 3 million to 5 million won (31.4% full-time and 37.0% working housewives), and their average food expense was 200,000 to 500,000 won (46.5% full-time and 48.1% working housewives). More than 90% of the studied homes were nuclear families and the most common number of children was 2 to 3 (79.1% full-time and 76.4% working housewives). The ratio of employed housewives who ate regular meals was 35.4%, but that of the full-time housewives was 48.2% (p<0.05). Of the working housewives, 7.1% never ate breakfast and the primary reason for skipping breakfast was 'busy in the morning' (61.1%). The type of food that the housewives preferred when eating out was Korean food, both for the full-time and employed housewives (76.0%). All the housewives overate calories and the full-time housewives ate more protein, fat, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, niacin, vitamin C, vitamin E, folic acid, and cholesterol than the employed housewives (p<0.05). Both the full-time and employed housewives were more satisfied with supper than with other meals. About 30.6% of the full-time and 33.9% of the working housewives had no interest in health, but answered that regular exercise was very important for health (33.3% full-time and 39.7% working housewives). In conclusion, working housewives have poor dietary habits and nutrient intakes, thus substantial measures to improve these problems are urgently needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.833-840
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to obtain baseline data of nutritional management for women's bone health according to age. This study was conducted through questionnaire, bone mineral density(BMD) measurement by DEXA and dietary survey by 24hr recalls to 134 adult women. Subjects were divided into three groups: young women group who aged 20-29(n=48), middle aged women group who aged over 30 and were pre-menopause(n=36), postmenopausal women group(n=48). The body fat percent of postmenopausal women group was the highest among the three groups. BMD of lumbar spine(L1-L2) were $0.93\;g/cm^2$ for young women, $0.97\;g/cm^2$ for middle aged women, and $0.88\;g/cm^2$ for postmenopausal women, respectively(p<0.05). BMD of femoral neck(p<0.05), trochanter(p<0.05), and ward's (p<0.001) were significantly decreased as age increasement. Drinking alcohol and skipping meals were significantly higher in young women groups than in the other groups, however frequency of doing regular exercise was significantly lower in young women groups. Young women group consumed the significantly higher amount of cereals(p<0.05), sugar and sweeteners(p<0.001), meats(p<0.01), eggs(p<0.01), milks(p<0.05) and oils(p<0.001) than middle aged and postmenopausal women. Also, energy(p<0.001), animal protein, (p<0.01), plant oil(p<0.001), animal fat(p<0.001), retinol(p<0.001), vitamin E(p<0.01), and cholesterol(p<0.001) intakes of young women were highest among the three groups. However, young women group consumed the significantly lower amount of dietary fiber(p<0.05), vitamin C(p<0.01), folate(p<0.05) and fruits(p<0.01) than the other groups. To summarized the our results, young women who were in still undergoing bone formation activity to develope peak bone mass, had more dietary habit and lifestyle problems than middle aged and postmenopausal women. The results of this study revealed that nutritional management and education for bone health should be emphasized in young women not only aged women.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.468-479
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate factors affecting the bone density of university students in the Seoul area. Data for food habits, and dietary and health-related behavior was obtained by self-administered questionnaires. BQI (bone quality index) of the subjects was measured by a Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS). The results are summarized as follows. The average height, weight, BMI and osteopenia percentage were 175.4cm, 69.3kg, 22.5 and 15.6% for male students, and 161.5cm, 55.9kg, 21.7 and 34.1%, for female students, respectively. The mean BQI of the subjects was 110.25 (range 60.7 ～ 176.8) in male students and 90.64 (range 52.9 ～ 137.5) in female students. Height and weight were significantly related with BQI in the female group but the relationship with BMI was not significantly related with bone density in either group. BQI was positively affected by nutrition supplement in the male student group. One-side eating, diet, and intake of milk and instant food were not significantly related with BQI in males or females. The results of this study revealed that desirable food habits, dietary behavior and health-related lifestyle may have a beneficial effect on bone density. There should be established a practically and systematically organized nutritional education on optimum body weight, good eating habits, weight bearing exercise and intakes of good quality nutrient for higher bone density level.