• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.271-282
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• 2000

Primary school is regarded as an important period when many health-related behaviors and life-styles begin to be formed. Acquiring them through school heath education has a strong influence on the health promotion of not only the family but also the community. The goal of this study is to provide baseline data to develop a suitable smoking prevention program for the first graders of middle school. In order to provide this baseline data, the relationships between knowledge and attitudes of the adolescent regarding smoking, and the degree of their stress and self-esteem of the adolescent were explored To achieve this goal a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the students in two middle schools in Kwang-ju City by school nurses, 400 questionnaires were collected and analyzed using SAS-Fe. The findings were as follows; 1. The subjects of this study were 225 male and 179 female, their average age of than was 12.7. Two students were smoking currently and 49 students had smoked. They started smoking at the mean age of 10.0. 2. Students who were not smoking showed more positive attitudes regarding anti- smoking(F=34.07, p=0.0001), perceived less stress(F=8.32, p=0.0003), and had higher self-esteem(F=15.35, p=0.0001). 3. Those who had the intention to smoke in the future showed more negative attitudes regarding anti-smoking(F=38.97, p=0.0001), perceived more stress(F=4.87, p=0.002) and had lower self-esteem(F=5.55, p=0.0042) 4. Those who had a better self-perception of school performance showed more positive attitudes regarding smoking(F=8.28, p=0.0003), perceived less stress(F=3.48, p=0.0316), and had higher self-esteem(F=22.36, p=0.0001). Those who frequently communicate with their parent showed more positive attitudes regarding anti-smoking(F=4.27, p=0.0082), and had high self-esteem(F=13.28, p=0.0001). 5. There were positive correlations between the attitudes regarding smoking and the self esteem of the adolescent(r=0.36498, p=0.0001), and a negative correlation between the self esteem and the perceived stress of the adolescent(r=-0.34763, p=0.0001). From the above results, we notice adolescent's smoking were related not only with knowledge regarding smoking but also with the intention to smoke in the future, attitudes regarding smoking, and the degree of their stress and self-esteem. So the smoking prevention program to reduce adolescent smoking should include the strategies to increase self-esteem and to address the perceived stress and the dangers of smoking.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.331-340
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• 2000

Primary school is regarded as an important period when many health-related behaviors and life-styles begin to be formed. Acquiring them through school heath education has a strong influence on the health promotion of not only the family but also the community. The objectives of this study were to evaluate current oral health care of elementary schools in Chungnam province and to provide information for further development in elementary school oral health. We performed a questionnaire survey to 280 health teachers and among them, 155 teachers answered. The result of this study were as follows: 1. Sixty five percent of the health teachers had little interest in oral health. Major information sources for teaching oral health were books in 58.1% of the 155 teachers and 83.2% of teachers spent 30 minutes to 1hour per day in oral health care practice for the students. 2. Contents of the oral health education were composed of regular and special curriculums, and an average of education time during a semester was 2.6 hours in 3rd grade, and 1.3 hours in first and second grade. 60.6% of the teachers made the children practice the proper method of tooth brushing during the education time. 3. Major problems in oral health education were insufficient time, lack of equipment and difficulty in teaching method. The educational media were tooth models among 91.0% and OHP among 85.2% of the teachers. The tooth model was usually used in first to fourth grades and OHP in fifth to sixth grades. But 63.9% health teachers need to develop stronger educational methods using multimedia. 4. Meanwhile the most important strategy of oral health in urban schools was health education, that of rural schools was fluoride mouth-rinsing programme. Fluoride mouth-rinsing programmes were performed by 60.0% of the elementary school. Periodic dental examination was performed in all elementary schools. 98.2% of the schools sent the results home through school notification letters, but post-examination management was performed in only 67.1% of them 64.5% of the health teachers do follow-ups on the oral disease of the children after the examination. Only 0.7% of the schools have oral health education plans for the students' parents. Considering these major strategies for elementary school oral health care were health education, practicing proper methods of tooth brushing, periodic dental examinations, and fluoride mouth-rinsing programmes. But health teachers need more time for oral health education, practicing and management, and developing education materials. With regard to the high demand for oral health education and poor follow-up after periodic examination, the oral health education in elementary school should be considered as a formal educational course for more proper management of oral health, including application of major strategies to the children in earlier grades and efforts for increasing recognition and participation of the parents.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2004

This thesis has an intention to examine how much Bobos, which has appeared as a new ruling class in the age of digital information economy, has had an influence on the fashion design and which aspect Bobos fashion assumes specifically. The existence of Bobos in Korea and its cultural disposition are examined. To do so, questionnaire survey has been performed for 400 persons. According to the result, it is shown that they control themselves thoroughly through exercise and have much interest in their health; for example, they prefer organic agricultural products and nonpolluting foods. They also consume goods reasonably, emphasizing on their own individuality, rather than purchase high-price articles for no good reason, and enjoy their life while seeking for success in the society. Such a disposition is almost same as that in the U.S, showing a small difference in the occupation or origins. It is examined which aspect Bobos fashion design, a new trend, assumes in more detail. Bobos seeks for a thing that is not cheap, has a recognized brand, and is not behind the fashion. They like the nature friendly, classical, and not vulgar thing. design should be casual and practical, and the quality of the material should be good. Especially, an individual disposition is emphasized in Bobos fashion, in which they disregard a brand and try to be the subject of a trend, by creating a fashion by themselves, to express their originality freely. Bobos fashion the first style it harmonizes the appear things not to be matching with each other and depending on pursuing the mix & match. The second style of Bobos fashion nature is friendship and fight. The hazard which it does like that the fact that it attempts is the composition characteristic of idea. The namely design is an utility cheap assuredly with high-class characteristic of subject matter is not a recognize cheap. The third style of Bobos fashion is expressed in nostalgic about the art. Of course Bobos style is not a possibility fashion as main stream of doing still today, but the effect of Bobos is magnified gradually from cultural, social, economic area. It analyzes style is a tendency where trend of the consumer is gradually converted marketing. This paper is meaningful in the sense that Bobos class, which has not been examined yet systematically, and the fashion are connected closely, and the fashion trend in the next is examined.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.387-410
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to approach to the internal meanings included in the Happening and the culture of hippies, by analysing the basic mental conditions in the process of the Happening. And this study was composed of the concept and the development of Happening, the characteristics of the hippies that related in the midst of the happening's background, and the formativeness between these factors and hippies'fashion. Since the happening a genre of fine arts expression attended the New School for social research in New York in 1954, Allan Kaprow direct-influenced by John Cage used the word 'Hapening'first, practicing '18 Happenings in 6 parts'at the Rueben gallery in 1959. Kaprow's 18 Happenings was one of the earliest opportunities for a wider public to attend the live events that several artists had performed more privately for various friends. Despite the very different sensibilities and structures of artist's works, artists were all thrown together by the press under the general heading of 'Happening', following Kaprow's 18 Happenings. Being considered as the root of the Happening 'Expression of Sound'of John Cage was the discovery of the exisiting thing- the Happening. Most artists were to be deeply influenced by Cage's theories and attitudes-that is, his sympathy for Zen Buddihism and oriental philosophy-and by reports of the Black Mountain events. These events would directly reflect contemporary painting and stemmed from the Futurists, Dadaists and Surrealists. And Happening's development background was based on the culture of hippies. Swinging London had been under the sway of psychedelic drugs and utopian visions of 'hippie'wave sweeping in from Califonia. This wave, which affected solid middle-class youth first and formost, began in Haight Ashbury in San Francisco. Without dwelling on the hippie movement here, it is worth nothing that it resulted from the convergence of several undercurrents : consciousness-expending drugs, the anti-Vietnam war developments, the impact of English pop groups on American music and the rise of protest songs, and finally the beatnik tradition of non-conformism. Hippie culture and its pursuit of love, peace and psychedelia was the antitheses of 1960s main street fashion. The media gave everyone with long hair the label of 'hippie', but it was always a very loose collage of attitudes and styles. The rejection of sexual taboos was conveyed by the hippie's refusal to wear. Although the bold exposure of body raised controversies because it went against the existing moral values, it has a significant implications. Psychedelics brought mind-expansion and the possibillity that modern technology (light show, synthesized electronic sounds), new fabrics or colors, and LSD could be utilized to provide an escape route from the dreariness of modern life. During the 1960s, traditional costumes, many of which had never been seen outside their native regions, became sought after and adopted in the West, initially by the young, who wanted to demonstrate their solidarity with cultures uncontaminated by mass industry. The most ardent proponents of such folk costumes were the hippies. Hippies dress was sometimes decribed as 'anti-fashion', produced by a patchwork of ragged cast-offs and flamboyant accessories, of outmoded Western dress and time-honored ethnic garments all combined, modified and permutated into variety of personal statements. 'Flower Power'became a reality. From the results of this study, we can see the expanding trend of the influence and the concept of the sew art genre 'Happening'in the formativeness as well as the fine arts field.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.145-165
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• 1999

본 연구는 B to EC에서의 쇼핑시 나타나는 소비자의 구매행태를 Physical Goods(물리적 상)와 Digital Goods(디지털 상품)로 구분하여 구매결정 및 지연 요인을 실증분석하여 B to C EC가 활성화될 수 있도록 도모함을 목적으로 한다. 연구의 결과를 종합하면 다음과 같다. 첫째로, B to C EC에서의 구매를 결정하는 요인과 구매를 지연(기피)하는 요인 다섯가지 중 제1순위 요인과 구매한 제품유형과의 교차분석 결과, 어떠한 제품유형을 구매하느냐에 따라 구매결정 요인이 달라짐을 알 수 있었다. 둘째로는, 성별, 연령별, 학력별, 직업별 등 인구통계적 특성에 따라 B to C EC에서의 행동에 차이가 나타났으며, 이는 Cyber-marketing을 구축하는데 시장세분화 전략에 중요한 시사점을 주고 있다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 Cyber-marketing을 촉진시키기 위해서 상품서비스의 개선전략과 고객 시장세분화전략 수립에 적지 않은 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다. 상품서비스 개선 전략의 측면에서는 상품서비스의 신뢰성을 높이는 기능적 측면 즉 성능, 기술, 품질 등에 대해서 보다 많은 관심을 기울여야 할 것이다. 또한, 인구통계적 특성에 따라 쇼핑행동상에 있어서 많은 차이를 보이고 있으므로 이에 대한 적절한 대응책을 마련해야 할 것이다.

• 복식
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.27-42
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• 2004

Music videos provide for many others images, alluring the audience to fall in another emotional world, while the sexual images shown in them suggest new images of man and woman. Today, men's images are being interpreted from various viewpoints. As interests in men's fashion are visualized through music video clothing, not only juveniles who want to be identified with the music video images but also adults try to imitate them, and proceed to wear the clothing, obliterating the boundary between 'reality' and 'illusion' and creating new images of men. This study is aimed at reviewing the male images shown in the music videos, particular their clothing, produced between 2000 and 2002. The results of this study could be summarized as follows : 1. Since beginning of the human history, men's image has been characterized by patriarchal system, capitalism, bourgeois class which emerged after industrial revolution and other man-dominant socio-cultural phenomena, such male image are shown in the music video as conservative and dominant image. 2. However, due to the post-modern culture, the power began to be decentralized. while feminism and men's liberation movement gain strength. As a result, women or heterosexuals began to regard men as sexual objects, and such a phenomenon is featured as sexual, bisexual or decadent images in the music videos. 3. On the threshold of the 21st century, music videos have begun to creatively describe men's life, their social conflicts, dreams and hopes and death and thereby. feature men's such images as being destroyed in view of existentialism. The numerous creative men's images interpreted in this way are featured in many music video works only to create playful, cyborg or demonic images using the senses. After all, men's images are featured in the music video costumes in diverse ways ranging from the conventional images to acquiescent images. In addition, various male images are combined with the characteristics of the music videos to be re-created anew. The young men in the our modern age tend to imitate or apply such images to create their own images or individualistic styles. All in all, men's image can be fixed no longer but diversified and fragmented in the new age.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.215-226
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• 1998

80년대 중반까지만 해도 신형 차라고 하면 정형화된 팩키징 레이아웃을 전제로 하여 구형보다는 큰 바디이거나 거의 비슷한 레이아웃으로 형태를 조금씩 바꾸어 스타일 이미지 변형을 시도하는 방법이 주류를 이루었다. 이후 연비절감과 승차 감 향상을 위한 공역학적 바디 스타일 경쟁 시기에서도 정형화된 팩키징 레이아웃은 크게 변하지 않고 엔지니어링 부분의 고출력, 고 효율화를 통하여 상품성을 향상시키고자 하였다. 이제는 일상생활 전체에 대한 모터라이제이션의 급격한 진행과 함께 자동차 산업의 발달로 공급과잉 및 기술의 평준화가 이루어져 가고 있다. 이러한 기술 평준화 현상은 자동차 디자인에서의 혁신의 개념이 과거와는 다른 양상으로 발전되어 어떤 의미로는 진정한 의미의 자동차 디자인을 요구하는 시대에 이르렀다. 자동차 디자인에서는 외형보다는 실내의 디자인 계획이 훨씬 중요하다. 자동차 승 원의 거주 이동 목적에 맞는 컴포터빌러티 향상 노력이 자동차 디자인의 본질이기 때문이다. 본 연구는 외형 결정의 선행요소인 자동차 실내의 디자인 계획방법을 연구하여 보고 디자인 혁신을 통하여 소비자들에게 좋은 평가를 얻은 차종의 실내디자인 계획에 대한 분석적 접근을 통한 데이터 추출, 자료화로 미래지향적, 본질적 의미이 자동차 디자인 활동의 참고자료로 활용하고자 한다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2008

드림랜드 부지는 산으로 둘러싸인 강북지 역의 유일한 평지화 된 놀이공원이었으나, 현재는 시설 노후화와 방치로 인해 지역 거점공원으로서의 기능이 상실되었다. 부지 주변은 기존의 밀집주거와 새로 조성될 뉴타운 등이 혼재할 것이며, 특히 지역 여건상 강북지역의 도시환경 개선을 위한 대형공원이 필요하다는 측면에서 강북 대형공원 조성사업이 대두되었다. 본 연구는 강북 대형공원 조성사업 국제 현상공모에서 우수작으로 선정된 작품의 설계전략과 내용을 서술하고자 한다. 계획안의 주안점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 산지형 공원의 새로운 가능성을 찾고자 하였다. 지극히 일상적인 생활공간으로서 산책과 등산, 체력단련시설 등 제한적으로 이용되는 산지형 공원을 선조들이 산을 즐겼던 그 정취를 재현해 보고자 하였다. 둘째, 사회성 강한 자립공원을 만들고자 하였다. 도시 속에 섬으로 존재하는 녹색 숲으로서의 공원이 아닌 자체적인 변화의 에너지를 발산하면서 도시와 적극적으로 소통할 수 있는 공원이 되도록 하였다. 셋째, 다랑이 논은 자연과 더불어 사는 우리의 삶의 방식과 이념을 표현한 실체적 공간이었으며, 우리의 대표적인 향토적 경관이기도 하다. 이런 다랑이 논은 세 개의 낮은 산으로 둘러싸인 대상지를 아우를 수 있는 디자인 모티브였으며, 산에서부터 자연스럽게 흘러내리는 정겨운 풍경은 도시속의 명소로서 사람들의 이야기를 담아낼 수 있도록 계획하였다.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.219-228
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• 1998

자동차에 대한 사용자의 욕구 다양화와 개성화가 '차량 꾸미기'로 표출되는 현상이 심화되고, 그에 따른 디자인 측면의 질적 저하와 성능과 기능 측면에서의 안정성에 우려가 발생되고 있다. 한국에 있어서의 튜닝은 관련 법규 및 전문 업의 미비상태와 무절제한 튜니으올 인해 전체적인 조형성과 기능적인 측면이 무시된 덧 대기식 작업이라는 지적과 함께 사회적 문제까지 비화되고 있는 현실이다. 본 연구에서는 커스터마이징을 도입하여 드레스업 용품과 다양한 튜닝 부품을 개발하여 고객 만족에 접근하고 있는 해외 양산 차 메이커와 전문 튜너(tuner)들을 중심으로 튜닝 사례와 드레스 업 용품 류를 차량의 부위별로 고찰해 보았다. 향후 자동차 스타일링의 방향설정에 있어서의 과제는 일반 소비자의 의식이 개인의 특성이 강조된 코디네이션에 대한 개념추구가 더욱 심화될 것이며, 라이프 스타일에 보다 밀착된 형태로의 소비자 니즈의 세련 화는 한층 진전될 것이다. 그 동안 국내 자동차시장의 소비자는 제품디자인을 생사자 중심에서 제시된 틀 안에서 수용하여 왔으나, 생산구조, 사회구조, 산업형태의 변화와 그에 따른 디자인 행위 그리고 디자인 가치의 변화를 초래할 것이다. 그에 따라 메이커와 디자이너는 이러한 환경 구조의 전환을 인지하고 또 다른 가능성을 모색하는 관계로써 상품 이면에 내재한 사회 문화적 의미, 즉 기호의 생산과 소비에 대해 진지하게 성찰할 필요가 있으리라 사료된다.

• 감성과학
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.501-510
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• 2009

본 연구는 다차원척도법에 의한 그루밍 사용자의 2차원 감성 모델을 정의함에 따라 터치폰의 GUI 요소를 결정하는 것이 목적이다. 본 연구는 다음과 같은 단계로 진행되었다. 첫 번째 단계로 그루밍(Grooming) 사용자들의 라이프스타일을 조사하여 Norman(2002)에 의거한 감각적, 행태적, 그리고 심볼적 레벨의 감성요소를 추출하였다. 두 번째 단계로 요인분석을 이용하여 대표 감성 어휘를 도출한다. 세 번째 단계로 도출된 대표감성 어휘는 다차원척도분석을 통해 2차원 감성 모델링을 하였다. 마지막으로 매핑 된 그루밍 사용자의 감성과 터치폰 GUI 요소의 관계성을 설문 한 후 정규화를 통해 0~1사이의 정량적 수치로 디자인에 반영될 주요감성 어휘를 도출하였다. 본 연구 결과 터치폰의 43개 디자인 요소에 해당하는 그루밍 사용자의 6개의 대표감성으로 '특이한', '주관이 뚜렷한', '세련된', '자유로운' '열정적인', '깔끔한'을 제시하였다. 또한 정규화를 통해 각각의 GUI 요소를 디자인 할 때 중요하게 고려되어야 할 감성을 제시하였다.