• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2009

Background and Objectives : There are few studies reported that specifically examine the laryngeal function in patients with profound hearing loss or deafness, This study was designed to examine videostroboscopic findings and phonetic characteristics in adult patients with prelingually deaf. Materials and Method: Sixteen patients (seven males, nine females) diagnosed as prelingually deaf aged from 19 to 54 years, and were compared with a 20 normal control group with no laryngeal pathology and normal hearing group, Videostroboscopic evaluations were rated by experienced judges on various parameters describing the structure and function of the laryngeal mechanism during comfortable pitch and loudness phonations. Acoustic analysis test were done, and a nasalance test performed to measure rabbit, baby, and mother passage. CSL were measured to determine the first and two formant frequencies of vowels /a/, /i/, /u/, Statistical analysis was done using Mann-Whitney U or Wilcoxon signed ranks test. Results: Videostroboscopic findings showed phase symmetry but significantly more occurrences decrement in the amplitude of vibration, mucosal wave, irregularity of the vibration and increased glottal gap size during the closed phase of phonation, In addition, group of prelingually deaf patients were observed to have significantly more occurrences of abnormal supraglottic activities during phonation. The percentage of shimmer in the group of prelingually deaf patients were higher than in the control group. Characteristics of vowels were lower of the second formant of the vowel /i/. Nasalance in prelingually deaf patients showed normal nasality for all passages, Conclusion: Prelingually deaf patients show stroboscopic abnormal findings without any mucosal lesion, suggesting that they have considerable functional voice disorder. We suggest that prelingually deaf adults should perform vocal training for normalized laryngeal function after cochlear implantation.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.206-212
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• 1997

H$\"{u}$rthle cell neoplasm of the thyroid gland is an uncommon, but potentially malignant lesion. However, in many instances, the malignant potential of the H$\"{u}$rthle cell neoplasm is very difficult to judge histologically. For this reason, the biologic behavior of this tumor and its optimal treatment have come under considerable debate in recent years. In order to review the clinicopathologic features of the H$\"{u}$rthle cell neoplasm and to determine its optimal treatment modalities, we studied 26 patients with path logical proof of H$\"{u}$rthle cell tumor from January 1987 to September 1997. We also performed an immunohistochemical study using the monoclonal antibodies against antigen CD34 for the angiogenic activity of this tumor and evaluated the differences of microvessel density(MVD) between benign and malignant tumors. The age of the patients ranged from 1 to 71 years with a mean of 44.2 years. There were 6 males and 20 females(M : F= 1 : 3.3). The accuracies of fine needle aspiration biopsy and frozen section were very low; 6.3% and 34.8%, respectively. There were 20 benign tumors and 6 malignant tumors(23.1%). All the malignant tumors were microinvasive(intermediate) type which had minimal capsular invasion and most of them(5 cases) were diagnosed postoperatively. Any specific clinicopathologic differences were not seen between benign and intermediate groups. Most of the cases had conservative surgeries(15 ipsilateral lobectomy-isthmusectomy, 7 subtotal thyroidectomy) while total thyroidectomy was performed in 4 cases. Of the cases with malignant tumor, 2 had ipsilateral lobectomy-isthmusectomy, 3 had subtotal thyroidectomy and the remaining 1 had total thyroidectomy. Mean size of the tumors was 3.0 cm(0.1- 8.5 cm) in the greatest diameter and multiple tumors were seen in 6 cases(23.1 %). During the follow-up period, only one recurrence(3.8%) of benign tumor occurred but distant metastasis or cause-specific death was seen in the benign or intermediate groups. Mean MVDs of the benign(n=13) and intermediate(n=6) groups were $121.7{\pm}35.3$ and $114.3{\pm}31.7$, respectively and there was no statistical significance between them. In conclusion, because of the low accuracies of fine needle aspiration biopsy and frozen section for the H$\"{u}$rthle cell neoplasm, the extent of surgery could be individualized based on permanent pathologic examination; Conservative surgery would be adequate for patients with benign or intermediate H$\"{u}$rthle cell neoplasm and total or near-total thyroidectomy for those with definite malignancy.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.1 s.81
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• pp.97-104
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• 2007

Present study aims to investigate the effect of muddy water on gill and kidney tissues and blood components of Opsariichthys uncirostris amurensis in Imha reservoir. As a result of observing the gill tissues in muddy water with light and scanning electron microscopes, the edema, the exfoliation of epithelial cells and fusion of the secondary lamellae were observed. The space between gill lamellae was irregular, and a lots of muddy debris around the secondary lamellae were observed. In case of kidney tissues, the size of glomerulus was smaller and thickness of basal membrane was broader and the empty space in Bowman's capsule was wider than those of the control. The blood cells of O. uncirostris amurensis in muddy water were increased in number. Of the white blood cells, acidophilic granulocytes were highly distributed, and the shapes were irregular. Among the plasma components, the concentration of TP, ALB, A/G ratio, TG, CHOL, and AST were low, whereas that of the inorganic materials was high. Based on the above results, it is considered that muddy water possibly involves in the decrease of respiratory and excretory rates, giving rise to secondary lesion of tissues.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.398-403
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• 2012

Purpose: Mandible resection and discontinuity defect created lead to aesthetic and functional problems. The iliac crest bone graft exhibits relative ease for bone harvesting, possibility of two team approach, ability to close the wound primarily, large amount of corticocancellous bone and relatively few complications. Whereas the use of free vascularized flaps has donor site morbidity and worse-fitting bone contour, the use of nonvascularized iliac bone graft has advantages in the operation time and patients' recovery time. So, nonvascularized iliac bone graft could be an attractive option. Methods: Twenty-one patients (M:F=1:1.1) underwent iliac crest bone harvesting for reconstruction of mandibular discontinuity defect (mean length : $61.6{\pm}17.8$ mm), from May 2005 to October 2011 at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Kyungpook National University. The average age was $44.1{\pm}16.4$ years and the mean follow up periods was $28.2{\pm}22.7$ months. Bone resorption rate, according to age, sex, primary lesion, location and distance of defect, type of fixation plate, time of graft and pre-operative radiation therapy, were measured in each patient. Results: The mean bone resorption rate was $16.1{\pm}9.0%$. Bone resorption rate was significantly increased in mandibular defect that is over 6 cm in size (P=0.015, P<0.05) and the cases treated pre-operative radiation therapy (P=0.017, P<0.05). All was successfully fixed and maintained for the long-term follow-up. There were a few donor site complications and almost all patients were shown favorable outcome without severe bone resorption in this study. Conclusion: The nonvascularized iliac bone graft seems to be a reasonably reliable treatment option for reconstruction of mandibular discontinuity defects.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.527-537
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• 2007

To evaluate criteria, indications, and prognosis of the various reconstructive methods on the patients with intraoral soft tissue defect who had been treated at Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital from 2003 to 2005, we have reviewed the clinical data of the patients and analysed. The results were as follows: 1. Tongue flaps have been mainly applied on anterior portion of palate and maxilla. The survival rate was high percent, but the cooperation of patient was inevitable for the success. 2. Palatal mucosa rotational flaps were available on relative large defect on palate, oroantral fistula site. The side effect was a scaring band from secondary healing on denuded donor palate site. Sometimes the band came to be a hinderance to swallowing, phonation. 3. Forearm free flap was a workhorse flap for everywhere in intraoral defects. We had used the flap on cheek, floor of mouth, tongue without any significant complications. But the application of the flap was required for long operation time, which was disadvantageous to the old, weak patients. 4. Cervical platysmal flap could be easily applicable for buccal cheek, floor of mouth after excision of the cancer lesion. The design of the flap could be made simultaneously on neck dissection, but the danger of cancer remnants on the flap always might be remained. 5. Buccal fat pad pedicled flap must have been a primary flap for repair of oroantral fistula especially on posterior maxilla. The flap survival will be expected if the considerations for above reconstructive methods on site, size, condition of defects primarily could be made.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.399-408
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to obtain information on the clinical and radiographic features of the dentigerous cysts in the jaws. For this study, the authors examined and analysed the clinical records and radiographs of 233 patients who had lesions of dentigerous cyst diagnosed by clinical and radiographic or histopathological examinations. And the obtained results were as follows: 1. Dentigerous cysts occurred the most frequently in the 2nd decade(38.2％) and occurred more frequently in males(67.4％) than in females(32.6％). 2. The most common clinical symptom was swelling of the jaw(33.9％), and the lesions were treated by the method of surgical removal. 3. The type of lesions was mainly observed as central type(72.5％), and size of the lesion was most frequently observed 2 - 2.9cm in the widest length. 4. The lesions were most frequently observed well-defined outline with hyperostotic border(49.8％), and smooth margin(73.4％), and homogeneous lesional radiolucency(79.4％). 5. Cortical thinning and expansion of the lesions(82.0％) were observed, and their direction were most frequently observed toward buccal side(64.0％). 6. The effect on the causative tooth were observed as tooth displacement(41.2％) and delayed root development(l9.3％), and the distance between cemento-enamel junction and lesional wall attachment of the causative tooth was mainly observed as below 2mm(79.6％). 7. The effect on the adjacent tooth were observed as loss of lamina dura(66.8％), root resorption(33.9％), and tooth displacement(31.5％). 8. The effects on the adjacent anatomic structures were observed as displacement of the mandibular canal(46.5％) and maxillary sinus or nasal cavity(72.2％).

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.87-93
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• 1985

Intraabdommal abscess usually causes distress with fever, leukocytosis, pain and toxicity. Diagnosis of intraabdominal abscess is occasionally difficult and It has high morbidity. However radiologic method, such as ultrasonography, CT scan, or RI scan are helpful to early detection of intraabdominal abscess. Among these methods, ultrasonography is a non-invasive technique and performed without discomfort to patient. And also differential diagnosis between cystic and solid lesion is very easy and sequential ultrasonography in same patient is valuable for the evaluation of treatment effect. We analyzed the ultrasonic features of 48 cases with intra-abdominal abscesses and the results are as follows; 1. In total 48 cases, the intra-abdominal abscesses were 30 cases, the retroperitoneal abscesses, 5 cases, and the visceral abscesses, 13 cases. 2. The causes of the intra-abdominal abscesses were perforating appendicitis (25 cases), postoperative complications (5 cases), pyogenic and amebic hepatic abscesses (13 cases), and the others (5 cases). 3. Round or oval shaped lesions were 26 cases (54%), irregular shape, 18 cases (38%), and multiple abscess formation in 4 cases (8 %). 4. The size of the lesions were between 5 and 10cm in diameter in 54% of total 48 cases, and the most frequent feature of the echo-pattern of the lesions was cystic with or without internal echogenicity (69%).

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.155-159
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• 2012

Background Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by cell-mediated immune responses, but the exact cause is unknown. Sulfasalazine has shown efficacy in the treatment of cutaneous lichen planus. Objective Our purpose was to assess the usefulness of sulfasalazine in treatment of OLP resistant to corticosteroid therapy. This study provides a new option for controlling OLP symptoms. Methods Two patients with the symptomatic reticular form of OLP were treated with 30 mg/5 ml of topical sulfasalazine for 8 to 15 weeks and were evaluated for symptom severity using a numerical analog scale during each week of treatment. The lesion size was measured using a 2 $mm^2$ grid. Results After 2 weeks of application, both patients reported improvements in their symptoms and lesions. Most of the lesions disappeared after 8 weeks of treatment without any side effects. Conclusion Topical sulfasalazine can be a successful treatment option for patients with oral lichen planus resistant to steroid therapy.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.102-108
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• 2010

Impaction is the cessation of eruption process caused by physical obstacles on the eruption pathway, abnormal tooth position, or lack or space. It often occurs in association with supernumerary teeth, odontogenic tumor, or cystic lesions, and ameloblastic fibroma is one of the odontogenic tumors that can cause impaction of teeth. In many cases, ameloblastic fibroma occurs in association with one or more unerupted teeth. The proper management of ameloblastic fibroma is determined between conservative resection or more aggressive block resection, based size and morphologic features of the lesion and age of the patient. This is a case of a 8 year and 6 month old boy whose lower left permanent molar showed eruption disturbance. The impacted tooth was successfully repositioned favorably through surgical exposure and orthodontic traction using a modified halterman appliance. Long term follow-up, longer than 10 years, is planned considering relatively high recurrence rate and possibility of malignant transformation of ameloblastic fibroma, which cause impaction of the lower left permanent molar in this case.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.118-125
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• 2006

Purpose: We report elastofibroma which is a rare fibrous lesion that most commonly occurs in the between subscapularis and thoracic cage. Materials and Methods: Four patients include one man and three women, the average age was 70 years and the average follow up period was six months. Two patients had on left side, two patients had on both sides. Main symptom was palpable mass. One patient complained mild pain, two complained scapular snapping. Results: All four masses removed with marginal or wide margin. Average mass size was 9.7${\times}$7.2${\times}$3.8 cm. Preoperative symptoms disappeared after surgery. All of the patients have returned to their daily living and showed no recurrence. There was no serious complication such as limitation of shoulder motion and winged scapula. Conclusion: Elastofibroma scapulae can be diagnosed through patient's age, tumor location and radiological finding without preoperative biopsy. When patient is symptomless, observation is enough without surgical operation. Surgical operation considered for relieve of symptoms of pain and snapping.