• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.89-103
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• 2006

Objectives: Recently, the effect of acupuncture has been approved not only in the East but also in the West, so the interest on acupuncture was greatly improved. Especially, functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) was embossed as the study tool for the mechanism of acupuncture noninvasively and many studies on the mechanism of acupuncture using fMRI were carried out. We archived the fMRI study on the brain activity induced by manual acupuncture at BL62(申脈). Methods: The study was the acupuncture at BL62(申脈) and we acquired 9 fMRI results from 6 persons$(age\;20{\sim}30,\;4\;male\;and\;2\;female)$. These studies employed The block design for mapping brain activity and acupuncture was perfomed at BL62(申脈) on the left foot. Results: The brain related motor function was cerebellum, basal ganglia and cerebral cortex and thalamus connected these elements. In the result of this study, the regions of significant activation in the cerebellum was centered on the spinocerebellum in the anterior lobe, so we presumed that this result showed the input of stimulation by the acupuncture on BL62(申脈). But basal ganglia and cerebral cortex showed the regions of significant activation in the left larger than the right and regions of the cerebral cortex was the motor and sensory cortex. Such a result explained that acupuncture at BL62(申脈) could have influence the motor function and acupuncture at left BL62(申脈) could affect the right side through the activation of the left basal ganglia and cerebral cortex. Conclusions: In the theory of crossing needling at collaterals(繆刺論), it the pathogenic factor invaded in the Yang Heel channel(陽?脈) that was one of the eight Extra meridians(奇經八脈), we recognized the disease of the collateral channel and used contralateral BL62(申脈) for treatment of the Yang Heel channel(陽?脈). Moreover the result of this study could bear the construction that acupuncture at the left BL62(申脈) treats the contralateral lesion and this construction is related to the theory of crossing needling at collaterals(繆刺論).

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.117-128
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• 2021

In this work, we study smart gloves that can prevent carpal tunnel syndrome when using a mouse. Because the left and right wrist movements are fine, a tensile fabric sensor with a large gauge factor and low hysteresis was required before the study. A universal testing machine was used to calculate each gauge rate on four different fabrics, and the fabric with the least hysteresis was selected. In addition, three attachment methods were analyzed using Arduino to select a method with a large sensor value change. For prototypes made by attaching to the selected fabric, data patterns were analyzed using Arduino. The first method identifies only one sensor (A sensor), and the second identifies two sensors (A and B sensors). When the wrist is bent to the right, tensile fabric sensors are attached to both the left (A sensor) and right (B sensor) sides of the wrist, the A sensor is strained, increasing the △sensor value, and the B sensor is relaxed, decreasing the △sensor value. However, when the wrist was bent to the left, the pattern was analyzed in the opposite direction. Through this study, we examined smart gloves to prevent carpal tunnel syndrome with an algorithm that turns on the LED when the wrist is bent, and based on the results of this study, we will directly use mice on 10 people to identify problems and solve problems when used.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.1088-1099
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• 2004

This study looked into the features of the consumers who positively reuse the clothing through their actual exchanges at second-hand clothing stores. The findings indicate that it shows the features of the consumers who perform the environmental activities by treating the clothing to be actually left unused, in an environmentally-friendly way, and that it may present the programs that will be able to create more consumers on the basis of its findings. The study used the questionnaire method, and the subjects were selected among those who have the experience of buying the second-hand clothing. The findings are as follows. 1. The major users of Green stores were found to be many among the females in their forties by the age, with 2 million Won or more by the income, of the graduates of high school or higher by the educational background, or of the housekeepers with children by the job. 2. The practices for the Green store utilization showed the highest ratios in one or two times of uses a month, one to four pieces of purchases a month, female clothing by the article, or trousers by the purchasing item. 3. As for the level of satisfaction after the clothing purchase at green stores, 70 percent of the respondents were satisfied, and the high ratios were seen with "the price was very low" or "since it seemed to support the environmental issues" by the reason for the satisfaction. 4. The findings on the clothing attitudes by the green store users showed fashion and social status symbol (factor 1), feminine modesty (factor 2), convenience (factor 3), alignment (factor 4), and economy (factor 5).

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.66
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• pp.209-241
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide Christian educational implications for young adult ministry by analyzing the reasons why young people move to church and give up their faith. In this study, data from ARRC research in 2021 were used, and 1017 youths(male: 409, female:608) nationwide were used as analysis targets. Through this study, the reasons for the intention of young people to move to church and give up their religious life were identified. Through this study, it was investigated that young people in Korean churches left the church or gave up their faith due to the factor of pastor, the factor of youth community, the factor of personal faith, the factor of church culture, and the factor of compulsory devotion. Based on these results, five important Christian educational implications for youth ministry were suggested.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.901-908
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• 2001

Background : Coronary artery bypass graft(CABG) in patients with advanced left ventricular dysfunction has often been regarded as having high mortality rate, despite the great improvement in operative result of CABG. With recent advances in surgical technique and myocardial protection, surgical revascularization improved the symptom and long-term survival of these high risk patients more than the medical conservative treatment. Material and Methold : Clinical data of 31(4.1％) patients with preoperative ejection fraction less than 30% among 864 CABGs performed between January 1995 and March 1999 were retrospectively analyzed and pre- and postoperative changes of the ejection fraction on echocardiography were analyzed. There were 26 men and 5 women. The mean age was 60.7 years(range 41 to 72 years). History of myocardial infarction(30 cases, 98％) was the most common preoperative risk factor. There were seven irreversible myocardial infarction on thallium scan. Most patients had triple vessel diseases(26 cases, 84％) and first degree of Rentrop classification(16 cases, 52％) on coronary angiography. The mean number of distal anastomosis during CABG was per patient was 4.9${\pm}$0.8 sites in each patient. In addition to long saphenous veins, the internal mammary artery was used in 20 patients. Total bypass time was 244.7${\pm}$3.7 minutes(range, 117 to 567 minutes), and mean aortic cross-clamp time was 77.9 ${\pm}$ 1.6 minutes(range, 30 to 178 minutes). There were five other reparative procedures such as two left ventricular aneurysrmectomy, two mitral repair, and one aortic valve replacement. There were twelve postoperative complications such as three cardiac arrhythmia, two bleeding(re-operation), one delayed sternal closure, eleven usage of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation for low cardiac output. Two patients died, postoperative mortality was 6.5% . Twenty-nine patients were relieved of chest pain and left ventricular ejection fraction after operation was significantly higher(38.5${\pm}$11.6%, p 0.001) as compared with preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction(25.3${\pm}$2.3%). The follow up period of out patient was 25. 3 months. Conclusion: In patients with coronary artery disease and advanced left ventricular dysfunction, coronary artery bypass grafting can be performed relatively safely with improvement in left ventricular function, but it will be necessary to study long term results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.251-261
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• 2010

This paper examines the dining tendencies of Koreans toward meat dishes and their related factors, with 301 people residing in Korea as subjects. We questioned this population on their restaurant choices, eating habits, preferences and a dislike with respect to method of cooking. All age groups, with the exception of 50~60 year-olds, were found to consume meat dishes in specialized restaurants. The selection factor for restaurants varied, depending on the age group: affordable cost was the most important factor for whom under 20 year-old. Whereas 20-40 year-old people considered taste and ambience the most for choosing restaurant. The 50-60 year-old people found to seek for convenient restaurant. In terms of the most preferred parts of beef, 20-30 year-old people preferred tenderloin (42.3%) while 40-60 year-old people preferred sirloin (45.6% and 41.2% each). All the other age groups preferred ribs the most (It was also found that) men preferred the rib parts and women preferred tenderloin. With respect to pork, all age groups preferred pork belly, with the highest response rate in the under 20 age group. When consuming meat dishes, 91.0% of respondents pointed to roasting as the most frequent preparation method, the reason being good taste was deemed the highest number of responses. In a survey on preference for stewed meats, 74.8% of the sample pool was found to prefer stew dishes but 24.9% of respondents provided negative answers, the reason for dislike was found to be poor taste for women, and both a long preparation time and poor taste for men. In fact, regardless of marital status, a high number of responses were given for poor taste as the reason for disliking stew dishes. Based on the examined factors for inconveniences in preparing meat dishes, the most common inconvenience factor was the odor of meat left on clothes after the dining experience, followed by the smoke generated in roasting meat, and the safety risk involved with changing the grill. In terms of stir fry preparation, the negative thoughts were due to the splashing of food and spices while cooking, followed by the meat odor left on clothes after dining experience, and the sanitation level of the cooking containers. For deep frying the sanitation level of cooking containers was the biggest reason for dislike, followed by splashing of food when preparing. Lastly, it was indicated that the problem of steaming method was a difficulty of judging the portion, on the top of this, people found that the sanitation level of cooking container and a long preparation time were also the problem of this cooking method.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.229-233
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• 2012

Hemophilia, the most common of the inherited bleeding disorder, is the result of a deficiency of clotting factor. Since bleeding after dental treatment may cause severe or even fatal complications, people with hemophilia must be given special dental care. We report on the diagnosis and treatment of a 9-year-old boy having severe hemophilia visited our department with the chief complaints of pus discharge on the left lower molar region. In the clinical and radiographic examination, periapical abscess and dental caries were diagnosed. Considering complexity of the treatment and complication in the coagulation, it was decided to carry on the treatment under general anesthesia. Clotting factor IX concentrates were intended to provide 50-70% plasma level. Pulpectomy, resin restoration and Stainless steel crown were given under general anesthesia. Several teeth were extracted and the sockets were packed with Surgicel$^{(R)}$ (Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose, Johnson and Johnson Co. Neuchatel, Switzerland) under general anesthesia. Transpalatal arch and lingual arch were given for maintaining the extracted space before discharged. For people with severe hemophilia, factor replacement is necessary before scaling, surgery or regional block injections. Therefore, if several extractions are needed, dental care under general anesthesia would be effective and efficient management.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.840-847
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• 2005

This study was written in order to help understanding of visible diagnosis of energy and color(기색). Visible diagnosis of energy and color is a very important factor of diagnosis and a necessary step of visible diagnosis. As human's body is under the control of spirit(신) and spirit(신) is stored by five viscera(오장), so spirit expresses the change of five viscera and is reflected by energy and color(기색). Strictly speaking, energy and color(기색) is not divided into each other. But, we can say that glittering glossy part belongs to energy(기) and blue, red, yellow, white and black part belongs to color(색). Various changes of energy and color(기색) observe the rules of yin-yang(음양). If we consider the interior and exterior(내외), top and bottom(상하), right and left(좌우), rise and fall(부침), clearness and muddiness(청탁), weak and severe(미심), spread and gather(산박), gloss and dness(택요) etc. we can decide the yin and yang(음양), inside and outside(표리), coldness and heatness(한열), truth and false(허보), life and death(생사) and prognosis. One man's own color is determined by the five human type(오형인), There are very various points of changing colors. As divided into principal groups, there are three main groups, that is, sky(천), earth(지) and man(인). A season(사시), day and night(주야) and cloud and clear(음청) belong to the factor of sky(천), a direction and configuration of the ground(지형) belong 治 the factor of earth(지), and motion and rest(동정), seven emotions(칠정), age and youth(노소), poor and rich(빈부) and high and low(귀천) belong to the factor of man(인).

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.199-205
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of increase in barbell weight on closely related variable to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury which are knee joint kinematics, joint load, joint moment, and maximum load attainment point during snatch of the weight lifting. Method: The subjects of the study were 10 male Korean national weight lifting athletes (69 kg 5, 77 kg 5; age: $21.80{\pm}3.91yrs.$, height: $168.00{\pm}4.06cm$, weight: $75.00{\pm}4.02kg$, career: $7.8{\pm}3.99yrs.$, snatch records: $168{\pm}4.06kg$). The weight of the barbell during the snatch operation was set at 70%, 75% and 80% of the highest records for each subject studied. Results: The result obtained from the one-way repeated measure ANOVA are as follows: With increased barbell weight, the extension moment of the left knee joint was higher in the 80% condition than the 70% (p<.001). However, other variables were not statistically significant difference. According to the factor analysis of the variables related to maximum load attainment point of the ACL major injury variables, the first sub-factor was the internal shear force, the posterior shear force, the abduction moment, and the muscle activity of the VL. The second sub-factor was the extension moment of the knee joint, compressive force, adduction moment, and the third sub-factor was the muscle activity of BF. Conclusion: These results indicate that the possibility of ACL injury can be lowered when performing a stable snatch movement.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.586-590
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• 1998

Background: The regression of the left ventricular hypertrophy after prosthetic valve replacement in patients with aortic valvular stenosis is an important factor to determine the appropriateness of the replaced prosthetic valvular size. Methods: To assess the regression of myocardial hypertrophy, a retrospective analysis of Doppler echocardiographic and electrocardiographic data was undertaken before, soon after(7.5$\pm$2.1 day), and late after(10.7$\pm$1.8 months) surgery in 36 patients(22 males, 14 female, mean age 54$\pm$12.1 years, mean BSA 1.61$\pm$0.15m2) with predominant aortic valvular stenosis. The patients underwent St. Jude Medical aortic valve replacement. By the size of the valves used, the patients were divided into three groups(19, 21 and 23+). Results: The mean body surface area(1.48$\pm$0.13) in the patients with the 19 mm valve was smaller than that in the other groups(1.63$\pm$0.12)(p<0.05). No significant changes of ejection fraction were detected in all groups over time. Left ventricular muscle mass index(gm/m2) was reduced significantly in the 21 and 23+ groups over time(p<0.05), but there were no significant changes in the 19 mm valve group. The electric voltage height on EKG at the period of late after surgery was reduced significantly in all groups(p<0.05). Conclusion: Despite clinical improvement, the LVH was not reduced significantly in 19 mm valve group. Thus we suggest that more attention and additional procedures such as annular enlargement should be taken in patients who will undergo the replacement of 19 mm prosthetic valve.