• 과학교육연구지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.342-358
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• 2010

본 연구는 화학 I 교과의 탄소 화합물 단원에서 벤젠의 '공명(共鳴)' 개념을 화학사에 기초한 교수 학습자료를 개발해 이를 이용한 수업과 전통적 강의식 수업과의 학습 효과를 비교, 분석할 목적으로 수행되었다. 연구 대상은 포항시에 소재한 일반계 고등학교 3학년 남학생 70명(2개 학반)이다. 선행 연구를 통하여 실험반과 통제반의 공명 개념 수업의 학업 성취도와 체감 난이도를 조사하였다. 본 연구에서, 전통적 강의식 수업 집단(35명)에게는 공명 개념의 변천 과정을 주입식으로 전달하였고, 화학사를 이용한 수업 집단(35명)에게는 화학사에 기초한 벤젠 구조와 공명 개념의 도출 과정을 학생들이 직접 경험하게 하였다. 두 집단 모두 학생 스스로가 개념 정리를 할 수 있는 시간을 동일하게 준 후, 학업 성취도를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 실험 집단(50.143점)이 통제 집단(25.429점)보다 평균 점수가 높게 나타났으며, 그에 따른 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 본 연구를 통하여 공명 개념 수업은 일방적인 강의식 수업보다는 화학사에 기초하여 과학자의 입장에서 생각하고 과학하는 과정을 깨닫게 한 후, 개념 수업을 하는 것이 학습의 효율성과 지속성에 효과가 더 크다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.7-28
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• 2011

This study intends to investigate the measuring scales, locations and scales through arrangement plans for a research on construction plans. Through an analysis of the artifacts-measuring scales, the relation of two scales found, which further helped suppose the measuring scales applied during the foundation period. Southern dynasties-scale was still used even after the capital was transferred to Sabi till Tang-scale was introduced. Tang-scale was used for Buddhist temples mostly founded in the 7th century. On the other hand, Goguryo-scale seemed to be used almost at the same period as Southern dynasties-scale used, but it seemed that Goguryo-scale disappeared earlier than Southern dynasties-scale. The locations of Buddhist temples could be classified into mountains, flatlands and mountain valley. Buddhist temples founded in mountains were mostly small-sized, but ones located on flatlands could secure flat fields through mounding operations. In addition, through location conditions of Neungsa and Wangheungsa, it was possible to find out the district setting of Sabi Capital Castle. Finally, the expansion range of Buddhist temples were found to be towards the east and the west. As for the scales of temples according to such conditions of location, it was found a similarity in Temple sites. In general, it was possible to assume that the scales of Buddhist temples tended to be expanded along with spatial expansion and there were regular systems in Buddhist temples related to the Royal family. Through the analysis of arrangement plans between individual buildings, it was found that the basic arrangement of Gate-Pagoda-Main Hall-Lecture Hall was preserved, but the proportion of distances between individual buildings varied depending on cases. As a result, there were differences between scales of entire building sites, construction subjective influences and master plan for each location of a Buddhist temple.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.43-57
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• 2006

The Villa Mairea (1937-39) designed by Alvar Aalto (1898-1976) has been studied by many researchers from various viewpoints. However, few studies have devoted their attention to the major issue raised by Aalto at the Yale University lecture and "Mairea" article in arkitekten in 1939. The issue is to fuse art with life in the living room with mobile partition walls that can function both as art exhibition walls and as art storage cabinets at the same time. Through this device, he maintained, the client can change displayed pictures easily according to the situation and so "painting and everyday life can evolve in a more direct manner." This paper argues that Aalto's concept originated from Japanese 'tokonoma' in Tetsuro Yoshida's Das japanische Wohnhaus (1935), which he referred to during the project. Differently from other Japanese features in the house, this tokonoma idea is more than formal, but more decisive than passing in driving the plan. And, whether coincidently or not, his idea exactly corresponds to Japanese aesthetes' and critics' own interpretation of the tononoma as the symbolic centre of Japanese people's everyday life. More importantly, however, this art display concept discloses secret strata of modern architecture during the time when the petrified rationalism was still at its power Even through the tokonoma motif alone, we see diverse trails in modern architecture: fusion of the East and the West, fusion of the traditional and the modern, to say nothing of fusion of art with life.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.7-20
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• 2003

The main buildings of the important Buddhist temples - the pagoda, the Buddhist sanctum, the lecture hall - was surrounded by the cloister until Koryo Dynasty. And the Buddhist sanctum was located the center. It meant that the Buddhist sanctum was important building. It is very important thing that we understand the usage of the interior space because the architectural space consists of the unified space by the organic function of the interior space and the exterior space. But there is not so much the study on the interior space of the Buddhist sanctum. So, the purpose of this study is to understand of the interior space of the Buddhist sanctum in Ancient and Medieval Times. Till now, it was impossible that the Buddhist monk or the General public entered the Buddhist sanctum in Ancient and Medieval Times because they regarded the Buddhist sanctum as the place of sacrosanctity and the floor was finished by bricks. But, we saw that they could enter the Buddhist sanctum. Of course the floor of the Buddhist sanctum was finished by bricks, but they spread mats on the floor, took off his shoes in the interior space and used the furniture for sitting on. The plan of the Buddhist sanctum was designed by the process of the ceremony and the way of the enshrinement of the Buddhist statues because it is the place to enshrine the Buddhist statues. They performed the ceremony like as pray, worship, offer food to Buddha, HaengDo - an act to turn round an object of worship - and so on in the interior space of the Buddhist sanctum.

• 한국수학사학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2013

The Taisei Sankei(大成算経 in Japanese) or the Dacheng Suanjing(in Chinese) is a book of mathematics written by Seki Takakazu 関孝和, Takebe Kataakira 建部賢明 and Takebe Katahiro 建部賢弘. The title can be rendered into English as the Great Accomplishment of Mathematics. This book can be considered as one of the main achievements of the Japanese traditional mathematics, wasan, of the early 18th century. The compilation took 28 years, started in 1683 and completed in 1711. The aim of the book was to expose systematically all the mathematics known to them together with their own mathematics. It is a monumental book of wasan of the Edo Period (1603-1868). The book is of 20 volumes with front matter called Introduction and altogether has about 900 sheets. It was written in classical Chinese, which was a formal and academic language in feudal Japan. In this lecture we would like to introduce the wasan as expressed in the Taisei Sankei and three authors of the book. The plan of the paper is as follows: first, the Japanese mathematics in the Edo Period was stemmed from Chinese mathematics, e.g., the Introduction to Mathematics (1299); second, three eminent mathematicians were named as the authors of the Taisei Sankei according to the Biography of the Takebe Family; third, contents of the book showed the variety of mathematics which they considered important; fourth, the book was not printed but several manuscripts have been made and conserved in Japanese libraries; and finally, we show a tentative translation of parts of the text into English to show the organization of the encyclopedic book.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제29권
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• pp.345-382
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• 1995

The type printing of first Ch'ing dynasty term in China is worthy to be studied because the type printing during that period included metal type, wood type, and clay type as well as the development phase was similar to Chosun dynasty culturally and technologically. This paper studied typography during the first Ch'ing dynasty term, including Shunzhi(1662-1722), Yongaheng(1723-1735), Qianlong(1736-1795), Jiaqing(1796­1820) period. The main results of the study is as follows. 1. The main body of type printing was bookstore, lecture-hall, and individual as well as the royal court that is the central government. 2. The content of type edition covers classics, history, philosophy, and literary works. Specifically, even though Wuyingdienjuzhenban series is excluded, the content includs study of the classics, class of the history, class of the philosophy, literature works that include collection works and novel and government official bulletin. 3. The printing technique of bronze type was very popular In Beijing. Jiangsu, and Taiwan. It's scale and production technique was more elaborate than in Ming dynasty. 4. Wood type was very popular in Beijing, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Sichuan, and Fujian. In addition to wood type, chinese ware type was applied to book printing in Shandong. However, most of them were wood type and they were used after Qianlong period. 5. The production technique of type was skilled enough to present the fine view of a style of type. The typesetting technique was improved as much as woodblock printing. With regard to the making technology of Chinese ink, the light and darkness of chinese ink was not even sometimes. But, the technology was improved significantly when comparing with the failure experience of printing that chinese ink was not developed in early type invention. 6. In case that the book was printed in bookstore with the intention of profit and the number of book was large, the proofreading attitude was rough. However, overally, it was made correction carefully applying the various methods of proofreading. 7. The support of government made a great contribution in the area of all printing technology, including production, typesetting, and brushing of type.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2021

This study tries to shed light on character and architectural features of the 2nd construction of Bunhwangsa temple in the mid-8th century. The site of Bunhwangsa Temple is divided into upper and lower areas based on retaining walls running from northwest to southeast, and the main area of the temple centered on Geumdang(the main hall) is located in the upper area. Space composition of the lower area including Wonji(a garden pond) and Gangdang(a lecture hall), is noteworthy in that Bunhwangsa Temple was constructed in a deviating way from rigorous constructional disciplines and used their space efficiently. The Geumdang in the 2nd construction was the largest worship hall with 7×6 bays. The hall was designed to divide its space into two ; the core space was surrounded by outer space. Each gap between columns in the hall was narrowed from center to outer. The main construction of the Geumdang was built as a stable structure with lead-to corridors. This was a much-advanced style than Geumdang at Hwangnyongsa Temple. The Gangdang is presumed to be a large building site as a typical Gangdang style in the Silla era. It was built in the late 9th century and was located in the northern part of the retaining walls. The composition of the middle gate and southern corridors were in double and long corridor style and they were located in front of the 2nd construction. This style coincided in the form of the architectural style of the Hwangnongsa Temple. The 2nd construction of the Bunhwangsa Temple was smaller than the Hwangnongsa Temple. However, it was a prestigious architecture.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.17-32
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• 2022

Ijidang(二止堂) is a private village school (seodang, 書堂) established in Okcheon, north Chungcheong province where Jungbong Jo, Heon(重峯 趙憲, 1544-1592 AD) had trained for his sound mind and body(yusangcheo, 遊賞處). Jo, Heon was a notable Neo-Confucian scholar of the Kiho School and also a righteous general leading soldiers in Joseon Dynasty. According to Ijidanggi(二止堂記), Ijidang was constructed to honor Jo, Heon and to train local talents in 1647 with the support of Song, Si-yeol(宋時烈, 1607-1689 AD),a representative scholar belong to Kiho School and other local Confucian scholars. Ijidang currently consists of Main Body(本體) in the middle along with the East(Dong-lu 東樓) and the West Pavilions(Seo-lu 西樓) attached to each side. The Main Body and the Dong-lu firstly constructed were to give lectures and to rest within. Ijidang has undergone several changes in its form so far. The surrounding nearby Ijidang shows characteristics of the Confucian architecture for training(J eong-sa, 精舍) and the building itself was to be built in a scenic place apart from the secular world in which scholars stayed, cultivated their body and mind or taught disciples within. The lecture space of Ijidang is positioned next to the main hall(Dae-cheong 大廳) unlike other typical forms of a three-bay building(samganjije 三間之制) at that period. West lu, a two-story building added afterwards in the early 18th century representing characteristics of the Gate Pavilion(Mullu, 門樓) of Neo-Confucian Academies(Seo-won, 書院) in Joseon Dynasty was typically located where the entrance and the ground floor of the main building are visible simultaneously.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.137-147
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• 2018

사범대학 가정교육과 대학생 24명을 대상으로 하여 서양복식사 수업 중 고대 메소포타미아 복식 단원에서 새로운 교수학습방법인 플립 러닝 수업을 진행하고 그 효과를 살펴보았다. 플립 러닝 수업은 3단계로 설계하였으며 수업 전 단계에서는 메소포타미아 사회문화적 배경에 관한 동영상과 복식관련 ppt자료를 온라인으로 학습하도록 하였다. 수업 중에는 사전학습여부를 퀴즈로 확인한 후 미니강의를 하고, 심화학습으로 온라인 루브르 박물관을 활용하여 모둠별 과제를 수행하도록 하여 메소포타미아 복식에 대한 자료를 많이 접할 수 있도록 하였다. 과제발표를 통해 학생들이 서로 공유하도록 하였고 피드백을 주어 수정할 수 있도록 하였다. 수업 후 단계에서는 최종적으로 내용을 정리하고 평가하는 시간을 갖도록 하였다. 플립 러닝 수업 효과는 학생들의 수업에 대한 인식과 성찰일지로 살펴보았다. 학생들은 플립 러닝 수업에 적극적으로 참여하고, 플립 러닝 수업의 수준이 적절하다고 하였으며, 동영상과 ppt자료, 퀴즈, 루브르 온라인 박물관을 이용한 복식 분석 과제가 학습에 도움이 되었다고 하였고, 수업에서 상호작용이 원활하다고 하였으며, 플립 러닝 수업에 대한 만족도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 성찰일지를 내용분석 한 결과 플립 러닝 수업 방식, 루브르 온라인 박물관 과제, 협동학습, 수업 내용과 같은 4개의 요인에 대해 긍정적으로 나타났다. 이상에서 플립 러닝 수업을 메소포타미아 복식 수업에 활용해 보는 것은 학습자 중심의 교수학습방법으로 긍정적 학습효과를 가진 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지역사회영양학회 2005년도 10th Anniversary International Symposium
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• pp.33-38
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• 2005

During the 20th century, humankind went through the most significant changes in history, from industrial and agricultural revolutions to the invention of the personal computers and the internet, and changes continue to come at an even faster rate. One of notable change is emerging multicultural societies. People tended to live in a monocultural society and new cultures were infused in controlled and confined manners, however, people now live and eat in a continuously changing multicultural society Multicultural societies are emerged from the translocation of people (immigration) and, in a larger sense, globalization. Immigrants are faced with various and different cultures from their own, resulting in excitements and agonies in finding balance among many cultures. People who have not translocated themselves must also deal with various imported foreign cultures from fastfood restaurants to food beliefs. This lecture will use Korean Americans as an example to discuss how immigrants navigate different cultures and environments and how acculturation, the process of adaptation, affects their diet and health. In addition, how globalization has changed people's eatery will be briefly discussed. Understanding impacts of living and eating in a multicultural society is meaningful and useful to find effective approaches to promote healthy lifestyles to people in this fast changing times.