• Title/Summary/Keyword: learning using ICT

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Prediction of Spring Flowering Timing in Forested Area in 2023 (산림지역에서의 2023년 봄철 꽃나무 개화시기 예측)

  • Jihee Seo;Sukyung Kim;Hyun Seok Kim;Junghwa Chun;Myoungsoo Won;Keunchang Jang
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.427-435
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    • 2023
  • Changes in flowering time due to weather fluctuations impact plant growth and ecosystem dynamics. Accurate prediction of flowering timing is crucial for effective forest ecosystem management. This study uses a process-based model to predict flowering timing in 2023 for five major tree species in Korean forests. Models are developed based on nine years (2009-2017) of flowering data for Abeliophyllum distichum, Robinia pseudoacacia, Rhododendron schlippenbachii, Rhododendron yedoense f. poukhanense, and Sorbus commixta, distributed across 28 regions in the country, including mountains. Weather data from the Automatic Mountain Meteorology Observation System (AMOS) and the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) are utilized as inputs for the models. The Single Triangle Degree Days (STDD) and Growing Degree Days (GDD) models, known for their superior performance, are employed to predict flowering dates. Daily temperature readings at a 1 km spatial resolution are obtained by merging AMOS and KMA data. To improve prediction accuracy nationwide, random forest machine learning is used to generate region-specific correction coefficients. Applying these coefficients results in minimal prediction errors, particularly for Abeliophyllum distichum, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Rhododendron schlippenbachii, with root mean square errors (RMSEs) of 1.2, 0.6, and 1.2 days, respectively. Model performance is evaluated using ten random sampling tests per species, selecting the model with the highest R2. The models with applied correction coefficients achieve R2 values ranging from 0.07 to 0.7, except for Sorbus commixta, and exhibit a final explanatory power of 0.75-0.9. This study provides valuable insights into seasonal changes in plant phenology, aiding in identifying honey harvesting seasons affected by abnormal weather conditions, such as those of Robinia pseudoacacia. Detailed information on flowering timing for various plant species and regions enhances understanding of the climate-plant phenology relationship.

A Study of Anomaly Detection for ICT Infrastructure using Conditional Multimodal Autoencoder (ICT 인프라 이상탐지를 위한 조건부 멀티모달 오토인코더에 관한 연구)

  • Shin, Byungjin;Lee, Jonghoon;Han, Sangjin;Park, Choong-Shik
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.57-73
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    • 2021
  • Maintenance and prevention of failure through anomaly detection of ICT infrastructure is becoming important. System monitoring data is multidimensional time series data. When we deal with multidimensional time series data, we have difficulty in considering both characteristics of multidimensional data and characteristics of time series data. When dealing with multidimensional data, correlation between variables should be considered. Existing methods such as probability and linear base, distance base, etc. are degraded due to limitations called the curse of dimensions. In addition, time series data is preprocessed by applying sliding window technique and time series decomposition for self-correlation analysis. These techniques are the cause of increasing the dimension of data, so it is necessary to supplement them. The anomaly detection field is an old research field, and statistical methods and regression analysis were used in the early days. Currently, there are active studies to apply machine learning and artificial neural network technology to this field. Statistically based methods are difficult to apply when data is non-homogeneous, and do not detect local outliers well. The regression analysis method compares the predictive value and the actual value after learning the regression formula based on the parametric statistics and it detects abnormality. Anomaly detection using regression analysis has the disadvantage that the performance is lowered when the model is not solid and the noise or outliers of the data are included. There is a restriction that learning data with noise or outliers should be used. The autoencoder using artificial neural networks is learned to output as similar as possible to input data. It has many advantages compared to existing probability and linear model, cluster analysis, and map learning. It can be applied to data that does not satisfy probability distribution or linear assumption. In addition, it is possible to learn non-mapping without label data for teaching. However, there is a limitation of local outlier identification of multidimensional data in anomaly detection, and there is a problem that the dimension of data is greatly increased due to the characteristics of time series data. In this study, we propose a CMAE (Conditional Multimodal Autoencoder) that enhances the performance of anomaly detection by considering local outliers and time series characteristics. First, we applied Multimodal Autoencoder (MAE) to improve the limitations of local outlier identification of multidimensional data. Multimodals are commonly used to learn different types of inputs, such as voice and image. The different modal shares the bottleneck effect of Autoencoder and it learns correlation. In addition, CAE (Conditional Autoencoder) was used to learn the characteristics of time series data effectively without increasing the dimension of data. In general, conditional input mainly uses category variables, but in this study, time was used as a condition to learn periodicity. The CMAE model proposed in this paper was verified by comparing with the Unimodal Autoencoder (UAE) and Multi-modal Autoencoder (MAE). The restoration performance of Autoencoder for 41 variables was confirmed in the proposed model and the comparison model. The restoration performance is different by variables, and the restoration is normally well operated because the loss value is small for Memory, Disk, and Network modals in all three Autoencoder models. The process modal did not show a significant difference in all three models, and the CPU modal showed excellent performance in CMAE. ROC curve was prepared for the evaluation of anomaly detection performance in the proposed model and the comparison model, and AUC, accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score were compared. In all indicators, the performance was shown in the order of CMAE, MAE, and AE. Especially, the reproduction rate was 0.9828 for CMAE, which can be confirmed to detect almost most of the abnormalities. The accuracy of the model was also improved and 87.12%, and the F1-score was 0.8883, which is considered to be suitable for anomaly detection. In practical aspect, the proposed model has an additional advantage in addition to performance improvement. The use of techniques such as time series decomposition and sliding windows has the disadvantage of managing unnecessary procedures; and their dimensional increase can cause a decrease in the computational speed in inference.The proposed model has characteristics that are easy to apply to practical tasks such as inference speed and model management.

Analyzing in-service primary and secondary teacher's experience on development of instructional media with Scratch: Based on the ASSURE model (초·중등 현직 교원의 스크래치 활용 교수자료 개발에 대한 경험 분석: ASSURE 모형 기반)

  • Cha, Hyeon-Jin;Lee, Gyeong-Suk
    • Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.265-278
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the experience of the process of developing instructional media by using Scratch for in-service teachers, after they participated in programming education with Scratch conducted as part of teaching methods using ICT. In particular, this study aimed to explore in-service teachers' thoughts and experiences of the objectives and methods integrated the programming education into their subjects creatively and convergently. To achieve the objective, they conducted an instructional design in accordance with their subject's learning goals and methods on the framework of the ASSURE model. Then, they conducted a project to develop instructional media with Scratch as part of the instructional design. 10 in-service teachers who attends the Graduate School of Education at K University in the second semester of 2019 were participated in this study. As a result, teachers showed positive expectation that the use of media developed by Scratch could bring significant results to attract students' interest and promote students' participation to lead learner-centered classes. This study has implications for future direction on programming education for professional development programs of prospective teachers as well as in-service teachers.

A Study on the System for AI Service Production (인공지능 서비스 운영을 위한 시스템 측면에서의 연구)

  • Hong, Yong-Geun
    • KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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    • v.11 no.10
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    • pp.323-332
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    • 2022
  • As various services using AI technology are being developed, much attention is being paid to AI service production. Recently, AI technology is acknowledged as one of ICT services, a lot of research is being conducted for general-purpose AI service production. In this paper, I describe the research results in terms of systems for AI service production, focusing on the distribution and production of machine learning models, which are the final steps of general machine learning development procedures. Three different Ubuntu systems were built, and experiments were conducted on the system, using data from 2017 validation COCO dataset in combination of different AI models (RFCN, SSD-Mobilenet) and different communication methods (gRPC, REST) to request and perform AI services through Tensorflow serving. Through various experiments, it was found that the type of AI model has a greater influence on AI service inference time than AI machine communication method, and in the case of object detection AI service, the number and complexity of objects in the image are more affected than the file size of the image to be detected. In addition, it was confirmed that if the AI service is performed remotely rather than locally, even if it is a machine with good performance, it takes more time to infer the AI service than if it is performed locally. Through the results of this study, it is expected that system design suitable for service goals, AI model development, and efficient AI service production will be possible.

Diagnostic Classification of Chest X-ray Pneumonia using Inception V3 Modeling (Inception V3를 이용한 흉부촬영 X선 영상의 폐렴 진단 분류)

  • Kim, Ji-Yul;Ye, Soo-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.14 no.6
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    • pp.773-780
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    • 2020
  • With the development of the 4th industrial, research is being conducted to prevent diseases and reduce damage in various fields of science and technology such as medicine, health, and bio. As a result, artificial intelligence technology has been introduced and researched for image analysis of radiological examinations. In this paper, we will directly apply a deep learning model for classification and detection of pneumonia using chest X-ray images, and evaluate whether the deep learning model of the Inception series is a useful model for detecting pneumonia. As the experimental material, a chest X-ray image data set provided and shared free of charge by Kaggle was used, and out of the total 3,470 chest X-ray image data, it was classified into 1,870 training data sets, 1,100 validation data sets, and 500 test data sets. I did. As a result of the experiment, the result of metric evaluation of the Inception V3 deep learning model was 94.80% for accuracy, 97.24% for precision, 94.00% for recall, and 95.59 for F1 score. In addition, the accuracy of the final epoch for Inception V3 deep learning modeling was 94.91% for learning modeling and 89.68% for verification modeling for pneumonia detection and classification of chest X-ray images. For the evaluation of the loss function value, the learning modeling was 1.127% and the validation modeling was 4.603%. As a result, it was evaluated that the Inception V3 deep learning model is a very excellent deep learning model in extracting and classifying features of chest image data, and its learning state is also very good. As a result of matrix accuracy evaluation for test modeling, the accuracy of 96% for normal chest X-ray image data and 97% for pneumonia chest X-ray image data was proven. The deep learning model of the Inception series is considered to be a useful deep learning model for classification of chest diseases, and it is expected that it can also play an auxiliary role of human resources, so it is considered that it will be a solution to the problem of insufficient medical personnel. In the future, this study is expected to be presented as basic data for similar studies in the case of similar studies on the diagnosis of pneumonia using deep learning.

DNA (Data, Network, AI) Based Intelligent Information Technology (DNA (Data, Network, AI) 기반 지능형 정보 기술)

  • Youn, Joosang;Han, Youn-Hee
    • KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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    • v.9 no.11
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    • pp.247-249
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    • 2020
  • In the era of the 4th industrial revolution, the demand for convergence between ICT technologies is increasing in various fields. Accordingly, a new term that combines data, network, and artificial intelligence technology, DNA (Data, Network, AI) is in use. and has recently become a hot topic. DNA has various potential technology to be able to develop intelligent application in the real world. Therefore, this paper introduces the reviewed papers on the service image placement mechanism based on the logical fog network, the mobility support scheme based on machine learning for Industrial wireless sensor network, the prediction of the following BCI performance by means of spectral EEG characteristics, the warning classification method based on artificial neural network using topics of source code and natural language processing model for data visualization interaction with chatbot, related on DNA technology.

Study on the Modeling of Health Medical Examination Knowledge Base Construction using Data Analysis based on AI (인공지능 기반의 데이터 분석을 적용한 건강검진 지식 베이스 구축 모델링 연구)

  • Kim, Bong-Hyun
    • Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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    • v.10 no.6
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    • pp.35-40
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    • 2020
  • As we enter the society of the future, efforts to increase healthy living are a major area of concern for modern people. In particular, the development of technology for a healthy life that combines ICT technology with a competitive healthcare industry environment is becoming the next growth engine. Therefore, in this paper, artificial intelligence-based data analysis of the examination results was applied in the health examination process. Through this, a research was conducted to build a knowledge base modeling that can improve the reliability of the overall judgment. To this end, an algorithm was designed through deep learning analysis to calculate and verify the test result index. Then, the modeling that provides comprehensive examination information through judgment knowledge was studied. Through the application of the proposed modeling, it is possible to analyze and utilize big data on national health, so it can be expected to reduce medical expenses and increase health.

Light-Weight Mobile VR Platform using HMD with 6 Axis (6 축센서를 갖는 HMD 경량 모바일 VR Platform)

  • Kang, Yunhee;Kang, JungJu
    • Journal of Platform Technology
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.3-9
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    • 2018
  • Recently VR environment is used in many areas including mobile learning, smart factory. However HMD(head-mounted display) is required to a dedicated and expensive system with high-end specification. When designing a VR system, it is needed to handle performance, mobility and usability. Many VR applications need to handle diverse sensors and user inputs continuously in a streaming manner. In this paper we design a VR mobile platform and implement a low-cost mobile VR HMD running on the platform. The VR HMD supports 3D contents delivery in a mobile manner. It is used to detect the motion detection based on angle value of a VR player from accelerator and gyro sensor. The MPU-6050, 6-axis sensor, is used to get a sensory value and the sensory value is taken as an input to a VR rendering server on a Unity game engine that is generated 3D images.

A Study on the Factors Influencing on the Intention to Continuously Use a Smart Factory (스마트 팩토리 지속사용의도에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hyun-gyu
    • Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.73-85
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    • 2020
  • While Korea became one of manufacturing powers in the world through a fast-follower strategy as well as implementing the approach of advancing manufacturing business focused on quantitative input, The advent of the fourth industrial revolution and demand becoming more complicated than ever both require a system that quickly detects the change of markets in advance and reflects it in the manufacturing strategy. Accordingly, the introduction of a smart factory is not optional but mandatory in order to strengthen the competitiveness of manufacturing business using ICT. This paper aims to investigate key factors having influence on the intention to continuously use a smart factory, the innovative IT device, on the basis of the technology acceptance model. This paper analyzed the influence of the leadership of CEO, organizational learning and perceived switching costs on the intention to continuously use a smart factory by the parameters of perceived ease of use and usefulness, the major belief valuables of the IT acceptance model.

A Study of Solving Maze Escape Problem through Robots' Cooperation (로봇협동을 통한 미로탈출 문제해결 방안)

  • Hong, Ki-Cheon
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.11 no.11
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    • pp.4167-4173
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    • 2010
  • ICT education guidelines revised in 2005 reinforce computer science elements such as algorithm, data structure, and programming covering all schools. It means that goal of computer education is improving problem-solving abilities not using of commercial software. So this paper suggests problem-solving method of maze escape through robots' cooperation in an effort of learning these elements. Problems robots should solve are first-search and role-exchange. First-search problem is that first robot searches maze and send informations about maze to the second robot in real time. Role-exchange problem is that first robot searches maze, but loses its function at any point. At this time second robot takes a role of first robot and performs first robot's missions to the end. To solve these two problems, it goes through four steps; problem analysis, algorithm description, flowchart and programming. Additional effects of our suggestion are chance of cooperation among students and use of queue in data structure. Further researches are use of more generalized mazes, application to real field and a talented curriculum.