• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.525-537
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• 2020

This study aimed to determine the current state and characteristics of simulation-based operating processes in nursing education based on the Jeffries theoretical framework in South Korea by taking an integrated look at study findings in order to provide a scientific basis for future simulation-based operating processes. We searched eight databases, including the Korea Education and Research Information Service, National Library, Korean Studies Information Service System, National Digital Science Library, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, KOREAMED, and Korean Medical Database, using terms "simulation" and "nursing" as keywords in November 2017 in the Korean language. Sixteen studies were identified, reviewed, and appraised in this integrative review. The literature was categorized into these themes: general study characteristics, operation method, teaching and learning methods, subject characteristics, outcome variables, and theoretical framework. The simulation processes in nursing education in South Korea that were analyzed in this study did not fully reflect the main concepts suggested in the NLN Jeffries simulation framework. Thus, simulation program developers need to consider and incorporate a variety of strategies, based on the identification of essential components, to improve simulation effectiveness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.25-31
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• 2015

PURPOSE: Previous studies have shown that healthy young adults reduced gait velocity during texting or talking while walking. It was reported that increasing number of pedestrian accidents were related to distract the environmental attention. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of texting and texting while listening to music on gait parameters. METHODS: Texting and listening to music while walking were assessed in two dual-task condition using 35 healthy young adults. The outcome measurements were assessed in terms of spatiotemporal gait parameters in three walking conditions, namely, comfortable walking speed, walking while texting, and walking while texting and listening to music. To avoid learning effect, subjects were individually blinded to assessment schedule and space. The changes between the three walking conditions were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS: When comparing the two dual-task conditions with the single-task condition, it was found that dual-task interference was increased in almost gait velocity, cadence, stride length, step time, double limb support, and single limb support. In addition, walking while texting and listening to music condition negatively was affected gait speed, stride length, and step time more than the texting only condition. CONCLUSION: Walking while texting and listening to music as well as waling while texting may decrease pedestrian safety when crossing streets by diverting the person's attention away from the street environment.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.9-14
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• 2018

This paper focuses on how the latest progress in digital media and technology affects the writing education environment. In the contemporary era, collecting numerous pices of information online, and arranging them to create new knowledge is important. There is also a need to seek new methods for writing education to stay in tune with the times. To that end, this paper suggests an open writing model using hypertexts. This writing model consists of a total of five stages, which are use of information, compilation of information, open mutual discussion, search of additional information and writing to recreate knowledge. The final outcome of such writing is writing using footnotes. By describing the gist of the keyword and adding numerous footnotes, such writing opens up an infinite possibility of re-creating information into new knowledge. This method can help university students who are accustomed to the digital society to proactively use information and improve multi-disciplinary communication skills required today. This author applied such a model to university writing education and found that more than 82% of the students were satisfied. Through the process of collaboration and recreation of knowledge in writing, learners found distinct benefits and noted their horizons had broadened. Given this effect, the open writing model using hypertexts is meaningful in that it forms a learning community that goes beyond a one-way feedback from instructor to student and instead nudges students to realize collective intellect. Moreover, it is meaningful in that it moves away from a top-down approach of the instructors passing down knowledge about writing and its rules, and towards a more proactive involvement by students in creating knowledge.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.315-324
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• 2015

We investigated the student's satisfaction in team activities. The 64 engineering college freshmen were grouped into 13 teams, and a set of questionnaire was given and analyzed. The results showed that the overall team satisfaction positively affects the team performance. However, the team satisfaction is more correlated with the team member's participation and the relationship. The team satisfaction tends to increase when having an environment where the team members regard each other, which they felt more important than the outcome. The particular role of team members was not directly related to the team satisfaction, and the students prefer having self-control in team formation. By using the study results, we may support students to have a positive experience of team learning especially in convergence educational environment.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.633-650
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• 2013

All the imputation techniques proposed so far in literature for data imputation are offline techniques as they require a number of iterations to learn the characteristics of data during training and they also consume a lot of computational time. Hence, these techniques are not suitable for applications that require the imputation to be performed on demand and near real-time. The paper proposes a computational intelligence based architecture for online data imputation and extended versions of an existing offline data imputation method as well. The proposed online imputation technique has 2 stages. In stage 1, Evolving Clustering Method (ECM) is used to replace the missing values with cluster centers, as part of the local learning strategy. Stage 2 refines the resultant approximate values using a General Regression Neural Network (GRNN) as part of the global approximation strategy. We also propose extended versions of an existing offline imputation technique. The offline imputation techniques employ K-Means or K-Medoids and Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP)or GRNN in Stage-1and Stage-2respectively. Several experiments were conducted on 8benchmark datasets and 4 bank related datasets to assess the effectiveness of the proposed online and offline imputation techniques. In terms of Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), the results indicate that the difference between the proposed best offline imputation method viz., K-Medoids+GRNN and the proposed online imputation method viz., ECM+GRNN is statistically insignificant at a 1% level of significance. Consequently, the proposed online technique, being less expensive and faster, can be employed for imputation instead of the existing and proposed offline imputation techniques. This is the significant outcome of the study. Furthermore, GRNN in stage-2 uniformly reduced MAPE values in both offline and online imputation methods on all datasets.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

Detecting entry and exit zones in a view covered by multiple cameras is an essential step to determine the topology of the camera setup, which is critical for achieving and sustaining the accuracy and efficiency of multi-camera surveillance system. In this paper, a graph theoretic clustering method is proposed to detect zones using data points which correspond to entry and exit events of objects in the camera view. The minimum spanning tree (MST) is constructed by associating the data points. Then a set of well-formed clusters is sought by removing inconsistent edges of the MST, based on the concepts of the cluster balance and the cluster density defined in the paper. Experimental results suggest that the proposed method is effective, even for sparsely elongated clusters which could be problematic for expectation-maximization (EM). In addition, comparing to the EM-based approaches, the number of data required to obtain stable outcome is relatively small, hence shorter learning period.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.74-83
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• 2017

Objectives: This study aimed to develop dietary education textbooks for elementary school students by focusing on the three core values of environment, health and gratitude from the National Food Education Plan. Methods: The contents of textbooks and teacher's guidebooks were developed with brainstorming of the authors as well as consultation with experts and by considering not only the three core values of environment, health, and gratitude, but also the performance indicators of the 2nd National Food Education Plan and the key competencies and creative convergence approach of the 2015 revised national curriculum. Results: A total of 12 different dietary education textbooks named 'Good Dietary Life Guide' and the teachers' guidebooks from the first to the sixth grade of elementary school were developed. The textbooks were fundamentally developed connecting the three core values, the outcome indices of the 2nd National Food Education Plan and the key competences of the 2015 revised national curriculum. Various educational activities such as thinking, debate, writing, cooperative learning, experience, practice were included to promote students' participation. These books could be utilized in every field of dietary education targeting elementary students such as creative experiential activity, convergent classes (integrated subjects, Practical arts, Social studies, Science, Moral education and Korean), after school classes, rural experience, general agricultural education, after-school child care services and community child care centers. Conclusions: The continuous and repetitive use of the textbooks from the first to the sixth grade would contribute to the improvement of food habits and the personalities of elementary school students, and consequently make the students grow up as healthy citizens.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.265-276
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• 2018

Background: Resilience engineering is a paradigm for safety management that focuses on coping with complexity to achieve success, even considering several conflicting goals. Modern sociotechnical systems have to be resilient to comply with the variability of everyday activities, the tight-coupled and under-specified nature of work, and the nonlinear interactions among agents. At organizational level, resilience can be described as a combination of four cornerstones: monitoring, responding, learning, and anticipating. Methods: Starting from these four categories, this article aims at defining a semiquantitative analytic framework to measure organizational resilience in complex sociotechnical systems, combining the resilience analysis grid and the analytic hierarchy process. Results: This article presents an approach for defining resilience abilities of an organization, creating a structured domain-dependent framework to define a resilience profile at different levels of abstraction, and identifying weaknesses and strengths of the system and potential actions to increase system's adaptive capacity. An illustrative example in an anesthesia department clarifies the outcomes of the approach. Conclusion: The outcome of the resilience analysis grid, i.e., a weighed set of probing questions, can be used in different domains, as a support tool in a wider Safety-II oriented managerial action to bring safety management into the core business of the organization.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.68-82
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• 2002

My responses to Kim Kyung-Ok's Critique on my critique on the Hungerford approach can be summarized as follows; First, it was argued that possible confusions and misunderstandings around the concept of behavior in REB were mainly caused by Hungerford himself who has used the word in several different ways, from a bunch of overt actions to almost all kinds of responses including cognitive skills, without any clear operational definition of it for more than 20 years. It seems to be needed for future users of the word, 'Behavior' to Prevent unnecessary confusions by providing their operational definition of it. Second, REB is too ambiguous to be a legitimate goal of environmental education and too outcome-oriented to be a meaningful measure for environmental education research. Anyone who accept REB as a goal of EE or a measure for research should clearly suggest procedures and criteria for judging the environmental responsibility of actions under consideration. Third, the Hungerford approach has begun by realizing the limit of a linear traditional behavior change system and has been evolving toward a complex model with dynamic interactions among/between cognitive variables and affective variables. However, it still has one-way structural orientation toward 'Behavior' with no feedbacks. Addition of some feedback processes would make the model more flexible and realistic. Finally, both the Hines model and the Hungeford model were established based on a series of behavioristic studies including three doctoral dissertations equiped with a list of actions which were prejudged to be environmentally responsible by the researchers, not by the learners. What they were primarily interested in was not how mind functions during the learning processes but how learners' behavior can be effectively changed. Considering uncertainty and complexity associated with environmental problems, a great deal of efforts ought to be made toward more context-based and less normative studies applying cognitive psychology and quantitative approaches.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.483-509
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• 2008

For the last decades, criticism on Frankenstein has tried to make a link between Victor's Creature and Rousseaurean "man in a state of nature." Like the Rousseaurean savage in a state of animal, the monster has only basic instincts least needed for his survival, i.e. self-preservation, but turns into a civilized man after learning language. Most critics argue that, despite the monster's acquisition of language, his failure in entry into a cultural and linguistic community is the outcome of a lack of sympathy for him by others, which displays the stark existence of epistemological barriers between them. That is to say, the monster imagines his being the same as others in the pre-linguistic stage but, in the linguistic stage, he realizes that he is different from others. Interpreting the Rousseaurean idea of language, which appears in his writings, as much more focused on emotion than many critics think, I read the dispute between Victor and his Creature as a variation of parent-offspring conflict. Shelley criticizes Rousseau's parental negligence in putting his children into a foundling hospital and leaving them dying there. The monster's revenge on uncaring Victor parallels the likely retaliation Rousseau's displaced children would perform against Rousseau, which Shelley imaginatively reproduces in her novel. The conflict between the monster and Victor is due to a disrupted attachment between parent and child in terms of Darwinian developmental psychology. Affective asynchrony between parent and child, which refers to a state of lack of mutual favorable feelings, accounts for numerous dysfunctional families. This paper shifts a focus from a semiotics-oriented perspective on the monster's social isolation to a Darwinian perspective, drawing attention to emotional problems transpiring in familial interactions. In doing so, it finds that language is a means of communicating one's internal emotions to others along with other means such as facial expressions and body movements. It also demonstrates that how to promote emotional well-being in either familial or social relationships entirely depends on the way in which one employs language that can entail either pleasure or anger on hearers' part.