• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.421-430
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• 2015

Rural Development Administration has recently developed mid-late maturing rice cultivars with high quality. This study was conducted to select suitable mid-late maturing rice cultivar in major cultivation areas of Gangwon Province among domestic breeding cultivars for 2 years from 2013 to 2014. The average air temperature during the experiment in 2013 and 2014 was higher $0.6{\sim}1.1^{\circ}C$ in Chuncheon, $1.0{\sim}1.3^{\circ}C$ in Gangreung, and $0.1{\sim}0.7^{\circ}C$ in Cheolwon than normal year. Precipitation in ripening period was higher 52.5 mm in 2013, but lower 176.4 mm in 2014 than normal year in Chuncheon, lower 103.1 mm in 2013 and higher 42.9 mm in 2014 in Gangreung, lower 225.9~322.7 mm in Cheolwon. Duration of sunshine in ripening period was higher 142 hours in Chuncheon, 108 hours in Gangreung, and 94 hours in Cheolwon than normal year in 2013, higher 20~21 hours in Chuncheon and Gangreung, and 82 hours in Cheolwon than normal year in 2014. Milled rice yield of 'Samgwangbyeo' and 'Daebobyeo' was 594 kg per 10a, and 578 kg for 'Jinsumibyeo' in Chuncheon in plain area. For Gangreung in east coastal area, the yield of 'Daebobyeo' was 555 kg per 10a, 'Hopumbyeo' was 554 kg, and 'Chilbobyeo' was 546 kg. For Cheolwon in mid-mountainous area, the yield was 504 kg per 10a for 'Daebobyeo' and 489 kg for 'Haiamibyeo'. But there was no difference in milled rice yield among cultivars tested in the study at each area. Head rice ratio of 'Haiamibyeo', 'Jinsumibyeo', and 'Mipumbyeo' in Chuncheon was 94.2~95.6% higher than the other cultivars. In Gangreung head rice ratio of 'Hopumbyeo', 'Haiamibyeo', and 'Samgwangbyeo' were 85.2~88.3% but there was no difference among cultivars except 'Gopumbyeo' and broken rice ratio of 'Haiamibyeo', 'Samgwangbyeo', and 'Mipumbyeo' were low as 7.5~8.5% and palatability of 'Mipumbyeo' was higher than the other cultivars. Head rice ratio of 'Daebobyeo' was the highest as 89.2% and there was no difference in broken and chalky rice ratio and palatability among cultivars in Cheolwon. Considering rice yield and quality in major cultivation areas of Gangwon Province, suitable mid-late maturing rice cultivars were 'Samgwangbyeo', 'Haiamibyeo', and 'Jinsumibyeo' in Chuncheon, 'Daebobyeo' and 'Chilbobyeo' in Gangreung, and 'Daebobyeo' and 'Haiamibyeo' in Cheolwon. The results obtained in the study imply that the selected cultivars with high yield and quality and suitability to Chuncheon, Gangreung, and Cheolwon, respectively could be recommended to rice cultivating farmers in the regions with high priority.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 1977

Natural infection of purple stain seemed to be higher in early maturing lines comparing to late maturing group. It was positively correlated with length of the period from flowering to maturity and significantly associated with weather conditions during the maturing period.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.365-371
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• 2023

This experiment was carried out to breed a medium maturing variety of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Grassland and Forage Crops Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Cheonan from 2019 to 2020. An Italian ryegrass variety, IR 604 is a tetraploid variety with green in leaf color and has half-erect growth habit in late autumn and erect growth habit in early spring, IR 604 was on May 17 in heading date as a medium maturing variety. Also, IR 604 was longer by 11 cm in flag leaf length and longer by 1.3 cm in plant height than those of the control variety, Kowinner, respectively. IR 604 was also thicker by 1.0 mm in stem thickness and strong in winter hardness. Dry matter (DM) yield (11,036 kg/ha) of IR 604 was 16.6% higher than that of Kowinner. Total digestible nutrient (TDN), crude protein (CP) and relative feed value (RFV) of IR 604 were 60.4, 13.8% and 100.6 which are 1.4, 3.3%, 7.7 higher than those of Kowinner, respectively. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of IR 604 were 35.5 and 56.7% which are 1.3 and 3.6% lower than those of Kowinner, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.222-233
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• 2019

'Haepum' is a bacterial blight-resistant, medium maturing rice cultivar with high grain quality. It was derived from a cross between 'Iksan493' (cultivar name 'Jinbaek') and the F₁ cross between 'Iksan495' ('Dacheong') and 'Iksan496' ('Jungmo1005'). Of these three cultivars, 'Jinbaek' is a bacterial blight-resistant mid-late maturing rice cultivar with high grain quality, 'Dacheong' is a mid-late maturing rice cultivar with multiple resistance to disease and insects, and 'Jungmo1005' is a mid-late maturing rice cultivar with lodging tolerance. To develop fixed lines, the anther culture method was applied to F₁ plants. The cultivar 'Haepum' was selected using the pedigree method, yield trials, and local adaptability tests. The heading date of 'Haepum' was August 11^th, three days earlier than that of 'Nampyeong' cultivar. Haepum' is a cultivar tolerant to lodging and it has short culms. Due to its low rate of viviparous germination, 'Haepum' could be useful for preventing pre-harvest sprouting in cultivation of medium maturing rice in the southern plain area of Korea. 'Haepum' carries two bacterial blight resistance genes (Xa3 and xa5), and in our study, it exhibited high-level and broad-spectrum resistance against bacterial blight, including K3a, the most virulent race in Korea. 'Haepum' is also resistant to the rice stripe virus and moderately resistant to rice blast. The yield of 'Haepum' was similar to that of 'Nampyeong'. 'Haepum' showed excellent grain appearance and good taste of cooked rice, and therefore it could contribute to the development of bacterial blight-resistant rice cultivars of improved quality. 'Haepum' would be suitable for cultivation in the southern plain area of Korea as well as in bacterial blight-prone areas. (Registration No. 6068)

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.287-291
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• 2000

The study was based on 1921 service period records of Nili Ravi buffaloes maintained at six dairy farms in Pakistan during the period 1978 to 1994. The mean service period was $237.57{\pm}4.5$ days in the over all data. The highest mean service period ($393.59{\pm}16.18$ days) was at MDF Rawalpindi and the lowest ($199.15{\pm}14.35$ days) was at MDF Peshawar. The difference was significant p<0.001. Late maturing buffaloes showed significantly longer service period as compared to early maturing buffaloes. Parity and seasonal effects on Service Period were studied. There was an overall trend of reduction in the length of service period with the increase in parity. The mean ($287.54{\pm}6.89$ days) service period was (highest) in parity number one and lowest in parity number eight ($107.95{\pm}19.72$ days). The difference was highly significant. In overall data significantly lower service periods were seen in buffaloes calving in spring+winter as compared to summer+fall.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.152-156
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• 1998

This experiment was conducted to investigated the characteristics of grain appearance, chemical components. gelatinization, and palatability of cooked rice on each rachis branches as harvested from the transplanting plot of May 20 and June 5 in each two varieties of early-maturing and late-maturing types. In evaluation of rachis branches, the percentage of ripended grain and 1,000 grain weight were found to be high and heavy at upper part of panicle. The factors influencing palatability such as maximum viscosity and breakdown as gelatinization characteristics, and hardness, apringiness, cohesiveness and chewiness as texture characteristics of cooked rice were found to be high at upper part of panicle , indicating the parlability was favored more at upper part than at lower part of panicle due to the genetics and physiological metabolism of rice plants.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.101-109
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• 1997

Nine oat(Avena sativa L.) cultivars have been recommended as the govemment recommended forage cultivars since 1984, however, their forage performance and quality have mostly been tested at two locations, such as Suweon in the Middle Northwestem Coast Region and Sunghwan in the Middle Southwestern Coast Region. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to retest the forage performance and quality of six government recommended oat cultivars at five scattered locations, such as Icheon, Suweon, Sunghwan, Keongsan and Kwangju fom 1992 to 1994 with the intention of improving recommendations to dairy farmers. Among the oat cultivars tested, "West" was the highest yielding cultivar at all locations in 1992-94, but the lowest yielding cultivars varied by location and year. At both Icheon and Suweon, "Cayuse", "Magnum" and "Foothill", at Sunghwan, "Cayuse" , "Ensiler" and "Foothill", at Keongsan, "Magnum", "Cayuse" and "Swan", and at Kwangju, "Cayuse", "Magnum" and "Cayuse", were the lowest yielding cultivars in 1993, 1994 and 1995, respectively. At all locations in 1992-94, "West" and "Swan" were the most advanced in growth stage, but "Cayuse", "Foothill", "Magnum" and "Ensiler" were the latest developing cultivars among the oats. Differences among the oat cultivars for the three-year mean NDF, ADF and IVDMD were small and inconsistent, but forage quality of the oats was generally lowest in the early developing cultivars and highest in the late developing cultivars. The govemment recommended oat cultivars tested were generally well adapted across the country, however, in forage production situations in the fall where high yield is more important, early maturing oat cultivars might be preferable to late cultivars because they have higher forage yield earlier in the fall.ction situations in the fall where high yield is more important, early maturing oat cultivars might be preferable to late cultivars because they have higher forage yield earlier in the fall.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.309-316
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• 2004

This experiment was carried out to assess the growth and development of five rye(Secale cereale L.) cultivars based on the Feekes scale in relation to sowing date at the Experimental Livestock Farm, Seoul National University(SNU), Suwon from 30 September 2001 to 4 May 2002. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with three replications. The main plots consisted of two sowing date such as early(30 September) and late(15 October). The subplots consisted of rye cultivars of five different maturity groups such as 'Kodiak', 'Koolgrazer', 'Danko', 'Homil22' and 'Olhomil'. The plant height of early sowing rye cultivars was higher than that of late one. Among the rye cultivars tested, plant heights of early maturing cultivars were higher than those of the other cultivars. The tiller number at early sowing(48.0) was higher than that of late(24.3), however, late maturing cultivars were higher than those of the other cultivars among the rye cultivars tested. Growth and development in the early sowing were generally three days earlier than those of late sowing cultivars. Growth and development in 'Olhomil' rye cultivars was earlier than 'Danko' rye cultivars when sown in early, but 'Olhomil' and 'Koolgrazer' rye cultivars showed an early maturity than 'Danko' rye when sown in late. Therefore, the developmental stages of winter rye cultivars could be categorised the following maturity; 'Olhomil' and 'Koolgrazer' are early in maturity, 'Homil22' is medium, and 'Kodiak' and 'Danko' are late in maturity.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.69 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2024

Considering the threats of climate change, this study was conducted to investigate the influence of temperature and day-length on soybean growth and yield when sown late in comparison to the optimal sowing time in the southern region of the Korean Peninsula. Sowing was executed in 10-day intervals, including on July 1, 10, 20 and 30 and August 10, considering that the optimum sowing time of the three soybean varieties with different ecotypes is June 20. Emergence rates did not differ significantly between late-sowing and optimal sowing in all ecotypes; however, the number of days to emergence, flowering, and maturity was smaller after late sowing. A multiple-regression approach was used to test the effect of temperature and day length on the number of growing days after late sowing compared to the optimal sowing time. This analysis revealed that the number of days required from sowing to flowering was positively correlated with both day length and temperature, and the number of days from flowering to harvest was positively correlated with day length and negatively with temperature. A multiple regression equation can be calculated as follows: the number of days required from sowing to flowering (Y) = 3.177 + (0.030 × (sum of day length + sum of temperature)), and the number of days required from flowering to maturity (Y) = 20.945 + (0.021 × (sum of day length + sum of temperature)). Multiple growth parameters were significantly correlated with yield components, depending on growing days. Optimal sowing resulted in the best yield, while later sowing decreased yield compared to optimal sowing. To avoid a significant decrease in yield, early-maturing species should be sown by July 20, while late-maturing species should be sown by July 10.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.504-514
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• 2019

'Yechan' is a high grain quality mid-late maturing rice cultivar with lodging tolerance and multiple disease resistance. It was a derived from a cross between 'Hopum' and 'Iksan537' (cultivar name 'Haepum'). 'Hopum' is a high grain quality mid-late maturing rice cultivar with strong lodging tolerance and 'Haepum' is a high grain quality medium maturing rice cultivar with multiple disease resistance. To shorten the breeding period, another culture method was applied to the F₁ plants. 'Yechan' was selected through the pedigree method, yield trials, and local adaptability tests, with a high selection pressure for grain quality, lodging, and disease resistance. The heading date of 'Yechan' was August 14, one day later than that of 'Nampyeong'. 'Yechan' is a cultivar tolerant to lodging and it has short culms. It has multiple disease resistance against rice blast, rice stripe virus, and bacterial blight, including the K3a race, the most virulent race in Korea. The yield of 'Yechan' was similar to that of 'Nampyeong'. 'Yechan' showed excellent grain appearance, superior taste when cooked, and enhanced milling performance; thus, we concluded that it could contribute to the improvement of Korean japonica rice cultivar quality. 'Yechan', a high grain quality mid-late maturing rice cultivar with lodging tolerance and multiple disease resistance, would be suitable for cultivation in the southern plain area in Korea and has been utilized in the breeding programs aimed at enhancing the grain quality and stability for the cultivation of Korean japonica rice (Registration No. 7647).