• 대한간호학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.905-916
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the types of suicide attitudes among the Korean elderly. Method: The Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Thirty-four selected Q-statements from 38 subjects were classified into a shape of normal distributionusing a 9 point scale. The collected data was analyzed using a QUANL PC program. Result: Three types of suicide attitudes for research subjects in Korean elderly were identified. Type I is understanding suicide-self conquest and labor type, Type II is opposing suicide-family band foundation type, and Type III is sympathizing with suicide-painful situation escaping type. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that different approaches of suicide prevention programs are recommended based on the three types of suicide attitudes among Korean elderly.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.45-53
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• 1992

The purpose of this research is to reveal that the clothing in a cultural system is a visual symbol expressing the aspects of its technology, social-structure, and ideology. For this, the chilkat blanket of Tlingit is selected and analyzed. Tlingit is the one of the indian tribes of the Northwest Coast of the North America. This chilkat blanket used as an ostentatious item in the potlatch has the various functions. First, it expresses the thechnological features in this society, as the process of weaving, collecting of materials, etc. Second, it provides the view of the social-structure through its role differntiation of sex, and affirmation of the rank systems in this cultural system. And we can see the ideological value of this culture through the chilkat blanket. They persuit the value of labor and the harmony between their lives and the nature in this design. In conclusion, the clothing must be considered and analysed its value in the context of the society.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

Recent construction site large disaster occurs in, even normal disaster not be reduced, the efforts of pre-disaster prevention for this is also a need to study the evaluation index. By comprehensive examination zero reform the current lowest bid system has included the social responsibility index is scheduled, objective and quantitative evaluation indicators making construction safety areas that are included in the item of social responsibility is required ing. In this study, the construction, in order to prevent disasters, efforts pre disaster prevention be presented metrics in the construction safety in the field of comprehensive examination system and the evaluation index, it is intended to examine the evaluation items for the evaluation indices.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2003

Presented in this paper is the development of an product cost estimation system at the product design stage. The efficient cost estimation function at the design stage is essential for the cost reduction activities through the entire product life cycle. For this purpose, it is necessary to establish a systematic working procedure, and to develop information system for managing a great deal of production and product-related data required for the cost estimation. The developed system has the capability of estimating a cost of assembly type products as well as unit-item type products. As proposed system is based on the variant approach, it can be used easily at an early design stage without the need for detail design information. Also, this system is integrated with legacy PDM (Product Data Management) and ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system for fast. accurate and easy product cost estimation. The estimated cost includes material cost, overhead cost as well as labor cost.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 1th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1112-1117
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• 2005

Construction cost index is generally used to estimate the new project cost based on past construction data and to adjust contract cost when the price change of various articles and items of expenditure composing the contract occurs. In Korea, it is mostly used for adjustment of construction contract cost due to fluctuation of prices. However index adjustment rate which is used for adjustment of construction contract cost had some problems in calculating cost index of each expenditure item that could not reflect properly the change of construction cost. For supplementing these problems, the research of developing construction cost index has been executed. Through the precedent research, these problems were partially resolved but still remain. Therefore this research proposes method of making cost index that utilizes representative items of labor, material, and equipment by analyzing bill of quantity of road construction, through analysis and comparison of precedent study. By using this method, it is expected to solve problems which were not reflected in precedent studies.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.385-395
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• 2020

무용 분야는 공급에 비해 수요가 부족하여 우수 인력을 비효율적으로 활용하고 있다. 이 때 대학 기반의 무용연구소를 활성화하여 지역사회의 주민들과 적극 교류하는 것이 하나의 대안이 될 수 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 신산업육성 이론을 응용하여 전문가그룹에게 무용연구소의 활성화 방안을 질의하였다. 23개 문항을 추출하였고 실무자그룹에게 중요도와 시급성을 평가하였다. 조사 결과, 중요도의 대항목은 '프로그램개발'이, 시급성은 '자금지원' 항목이 1순위로 나타났다. 소항목의 1순위는 '프로그램개발'의 경우에는 "프로그램 연구개발비 신설"(중요도) /"프로그램 개발 담당 전문인력 채용"(시급성)으로 나타났고, '자금지원'의 경우에는 "사업예산 자체의 증액과 인건비 대상 범위의 확대"(중요도) / "인건비 세분화 및 확대지원"(시급성)으로 각각 나타났다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.9-23
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• 1987

Nursing service, as the largest user of labor resources, has become concerned about appropriate allocation of staffing resources. Therefore, this project was designed to measure quantitatively the direct nursing care provided to patients and to develop a new patient classification system based on the direct nursing care activities. The initial step in the development of the classification instrument was to identify the content of direct nursing activities. The frequency with which these activities were carried out, the total time spent in carrying them out and the average time for one performance of each of the nursing activities was calculated. The next step was to select the items for the classification instrument taking into account these direct nursing activities. A list of 40 items was prepared. These items were then classified into 8 major categories: personal hygiene, moving ＆ exercise, nutrition & elimination, observation, medication, treatment, collecting specimens and other care activities for severity ill patients. Each item was assigned a value unit based on the average time required by the nursing staff to complete the specific item. The third step was to determine the practicality of the items and value units, so an attempt was made to establish content validity for these items and units by obtaing a consensus from 8 head nurses, representing eight different departments. The 4th step was to conducted a pilot study to establish the score range for the classification boundaries. For this purpose an instrument was designed using the list of items and value units and a prepared classification criteria as a guideline to validate the patient classification. A judgment group consisting of 52 supervisory nurses and head nurses were asked to select the proper patient to fit each classification criteria and to fill out the instrument for each patient. The total value unit and the frequency for each classification group was calculated. According to the frequency distribution, the score range for the classification group was determined as follows : 0~15 for groupI, 16~30 for group II, 31~50 for group III, and above 51 for group IV. Finally a patient classification form was developed.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제26권1D호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2006

건설공사비지수는 과거의 공사데이터를 바탕으로 신규공사의 공사비를 추정할 수 있을 뿐 아니라, 공사 수행 중 원가를 구성하는 비목의 가격이 상승 또는 하락할 경우 계약금액을 조정하는데도 활용된다. 국내의 경우 건설공사비지수는 주로 계약금액 조정을 위해 활용되고 있지만 계약금액 조정에 활용되는 지수의 경우 비목별 지수 산정시 건설원가의 변동을 적절하게 반영하지 못하는 문제점이 지적되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 공사비지수 산정에 관한 선행 연구들을 비교 분석하고, 도로 건설공사 내역서의 분석을 통해 노무, 재료, 기계경비를 구성하는 주요 항목들을 중심으로 도로 건설공사비지수를 산정하는 방법론을 제안한다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 각 비목별 주요 항목의 투입 구성비를 활용한 지수산정 방법론의 적용을 통해서 건설원가의 변동을 적절히 반영하지 못한다는 기존의 문제점이 보완될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2017

Purpose - Although e-learning has this advantage, currently many organizations have failed to recognize the necessity for basic e-learning educational training. It follows that practitioners working in the above organizations face the difficulty of having to find educational training processes of boosting their capabilities by themselves, rather than being able to utilize the educational training processes offered by e-learning. So of their own accord, learners have considered the necessity of information relating to being able to choose between high quality educational training processes. The purpose of this study is to propose opening e-learning content information for enabling an efficient choice of learning processes related to e-learning. Research design, data, and methodology - To pinpoint the items of e-learning content information, the study was initiated according to the following process. First, information relating to e-learning content (offered on e-learning websites) was researched. Second, based on the items of information which emerged from the research, selection and validity verification took place with 5 e-learning specialists as the subjects. Third, the opinions of adult learners at K University were collated relating to the items of information which emerged from the research. Results - The e-learning content information was comprised of 16 items in order to improve the choosing process for learner's e-learning contents. The analysis results showed that when learners were choosing e-learning processes, the most highly considered item was 'mobile support' (4.35). Following this (in order) were 'tuition fees' (4.30), 'certificate issuing' (4.23), and 'awareness of educational institution' (4.18). The least considered items were 'recruiting learners' (3.01) and 'tutor support' (3.18). Conclusions - The 16 items of e-learning content information in this study, were deemed to be helpful to learners in providing them with a choice of desirable e-learning process when this process was offered to them. Following this, there is a need for service institutions offering e-learning processes to make public the information suggested by this study. Research into educational methods additionally points to a necessity for not only e-learning forms, but also offline educational methods and a combination of blended learning to be offered and run parallel to e-learning.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1980

The process of having baby including pregnancy, labor and birth; is considered as crises of life cycle. It is noted that most pregnat women experience fear and anxiety through the gestational period and this may effect to the health of the baby and the mother. Therefore, we, nurses must focuse on this fear and anxiety of pregnant women and make an effort to relieve their emotional discomfort. This study was conducted to determine the pregnant women's intensity of fear and anxiety during pregnancy thus to provide some information for maternal care in terms of antenatal care. The specific objectives of this study are : 1. to determine what are the most frequently experienced fear and anxiety and how frequently the pregnant women perceive them as a fearful and anxious experience. 2. to find out the relations between the intensity of fear and anxiety of pregnancy and the demographic characteristics of the subjected women During the period May 15,1980 to June 4,1980,212 pregnant were asked to question are by trained student mures who visited to 4 obstetric clinic for antenatal care in C-city. The questionare were designed and and scheduled by author which covers 38 items about fears and anxiety during pregnancy and each item was answered by 5 seales according to it's intensity. The result analysed as percentile , mean and S.D. statistically and obtained as rollows 1) The mean age was 27,4 years, the proportion of women completed high school are 45.3%, and 51.4% has no religion 2）68.6% seplied“positive”response about fears and anxiety during pregnancy. 3) Fear relevant to pain, particularly during labor noted most frequent rate. 4) Social factors may relate to the intensity of the fears or anxiety further more socioeconomic problem take important role and affects to the expectant women, 5) Primigravida noted more fears and anxiety about pregnancy compared to multigravida and more in-tensity during aerly half gestational period than late. Majority of pregnant women have experienced fear and anxiety attendant upon pregnancy and so nurse can help the patient to be able experience 1ha difficult adjustment to be course of pregnancy and be able to get good result both fetus and mother through antenatal care.