• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.309-314
• /
• 1989

The cultural condition of Enterobacter agglomerans U-1, a polysaccharide producing soil bacterium, was examined. The optimal medium composition was that contains the following components per liter of distilled water; $sucrose(23.75\;g/L),\;peptone(2.06\;g/L),\;yeast\;extract(0.5\;g/L),\;KH_2PO_4(1.0\;g/L)$ and $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O(1.0 g/L)$. The optimum temperature for polysaccharide production was $30^{\circ}C$, where 8.5 g/L of polysaccharide was produced. The apparent viscosity of fermentation broth after 3 days was 240 mPa.s. at $70sec^{-1}$. The product yield and specific productivity were 36% and 142.07 mg/g/h.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.450-456
• /
• 2021

Objective: Studies confirming the lumber spine kinematics of direct or indirect segmental mobility under the application of joint mobilization, which induces passive force on the spine, are insufficient.Therefore, this study aims to obtain the underlying clinical data by identifying direct or indirect segmental mobility produced by Maitland's PA mobilization technique. Design: Randomized controlled trial design. Methods: Thirty subjects with no back pain participated in this study. X-ray testing equipment (SIG-40-525, Ecoray Inc., Korea) was used to verify the segmented movement of their lumbar. Joint mobilization was performed by physiotherapists with more than 10 years of experience in prescription therapy, and radiography was performed once without PA joint mobilization and once without the mobilization for comparing the lumbar vertebrae before and after the mobilization. The radiographs taken were analyzed using the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) program to measure the spinal displacement, intervertebral height, intervertebral angle, and lumbar lordosis angle. Results: Significant differences were observed in the lumbar displacement, intervertebral angle, and lumbar lordosis angle in all lumbar vertebrae before and after the mobilization. The intervertebral height indicated significant differences in all ventral vertebrae and only in L3-L4 and L4-L5 in dorsal vertebrae. Conclusions: This study suggests that the segmental mobility produced through indirect approaches plays an important role in inducing therapeutic effects in patients with back pain.

• Particle and aerosol research
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.79-85
• /
• 2017

This study identified the loss of minimum fluidization velocity and pressure in accordance with the superficial velocity of $NiO/MoO_3/MoS_2$, a rare metallic oxide and high value-added material in the lab-scale fluidized bed reactor (L=0.25 m, D=0.05 m). The average pressure loss in L/D 1, 2, and 3 of $NiO/MoO_3/MoS_2$ within the scope of superficial gas velocity between 0.07 and 0.45 m/s based on the L/D 1, 2, and 3 of the specimen was shown to be 290~1952 Pa at decreasing flux and 253~1925 Pa at increasing flux. The comparison between the theoretical value proposed by Wen and the test data showed a difference between 0.021~0.36 magnification. Based on these results, this study was able to determine the operation conditions where rare metallic oxides could be applied in real phenomena.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.67 no.2
• /
• pp.121-130
• /
• 2022

This study was conducted to determine the suitable amount of irrigation and fertigation for the growth and yield of spring potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.). To investigate the effect of soil moisture content on the growth and yield of potato, five irrigation treatments were performed based on soil moisture tension: -10 kPa, -20 kPa, -30 kPa, -40 kPa, and non-irrigation. The growth and yield among the irrigation treatments was the best in the -10 kPa treatment, where the yield increased by 47% compared to the non-irrigation treatment. To determine the standard of additional fertilizer for fertigation cultivation of spring potatoes, seven treatments were performed, including a control (basic fertilization without additional fertilizer), compound fertilizer (NPK) based on 0.5 times the standard amount of fertilizer (NPK 0.5; N-P₂O₅-K₂O: 2.5-2.2-3.25 kg/10a), NPK 0.8 (N-P₂O₅-K₂O: 4-3.5-5 kg/10a), and NPK 1.2 (N-P₂O₅-K₂O: 6-5.3-7.8 kg/10a), and potassium fertilizer of 2 kg (K 2), 5 kg (K 5), and 7 kg (K 7). The growth and yield among the fertilization treatments was highest in the K 5 treatment, where the yield increased by approximately 27% compared to the control. Therefore, this study suggests that irrigation with -10 kPa or fertigation with K 5 during the tuber initiation and tuber filling stage could increase the yield of spring potatoes.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2003.04a
• /
• pp.233.3-234
• /
• 2003

Novel arylsulfonylimidazolidinones were previously demonstrated to have broad and highly potent cytotoxicities against a wide range of cancer cell line. Among them 4-phenyl-l N-(p-aminobenzoyl)indoline-5-sulfonyl imidazolidinone (PA) was proved to have good pharmacological profile. Recently modification of indoline moiety of PA led us to find new analogs which show better pharmacological profiles compared to PA. (omitted)

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.312-317
• /
• 2005

The 15 month pilot study was performed to investigate the effect of pretreatment by monochloramine ($NH_2Cl$) on the performance of RO membranes made of cellulose acetate (CA) and polyamide (PA). Both RO membranes experienced severe biological fouling without any pretreatment during the treatment of highly organic surface water in Florida, USA. Feed monochloramination at 5 mg/L significantly minimized productivity loss by effective control of biofouling. The CA membrane did not show any structural damages by monochloramine, while the PA membrane suffered from a gradual loss of membrane integrity by chlorine oxidation, which was characterized as an increase in productivity and a decrease in selectivity. The degradation of PA membrane increased with increasing monochloramine dose.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.56 no.6
• /
• pp.566-576
• /
• 2019

In this work, we investigated kaolinite raw materials from China, Vietnam, and Seongju (Korea) used for the manufacture of porcelain products in Korea. According to chemical analysis results, for the kaolinites from Seongju, more feldspar components containing CaO, K₂O, and Na₂O are found than in those from China or Vietnam, of which the composition is close to that of pure kaolinite. Through X-ray Rietveld quantitative analysis, kaolinite and muscovite are found to be the main phases for all the raw materials. Halloysite, quartz, gibbsite, and andesine are found at more than 5% for KM-85 (China), LKC-60 (Vietnam), KC-009 (China), and WA (Seongju). Absorption rate is on order of LKC-60 < KC-009 < KM-85 < PA < WA, and the sample, sintered in reductive atmosphere, exhibits the lowest absorption rate. Comparing the color of the sintered samples, kaolinites of KM-85, LKC-60, and KC-009 (L^*: 94 - 97%) show higher whiteness value than those of WA and PA (L^*: 82 - 91%).

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.13-19
• /
• 1993

We investigated the effects of CP-2 extracted from the mixture of Copis and Croton tiglium L, which showed very high cytotoxic effect to the various tumor cells, on the growth and steroidenesis of primary and transformed cell lines PA-GS6 and PO-GRS1 by cotransfectionwith SV40 and Ha ras oncogenes. CP-2 inhibited the growth of PA-GS6 and PO-GRS1 in a dose dependent manner when the growth of them was measured by cell number and by protein content, while CP-2 did not affect the growth of primary granulose cells. Productions of progesterone ofprimary and transformed granulosa cells were stimulated by forskolin, but this stimulatory effect was blocked by treatment of CP-2. Clinical application of CP-2 asa new anti-cancer drug and utilization of transformed granulosa cells as a model system for the screening of anti-cancer drug were also discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 1998.06a
• /
• pp.423-426
• /
• 1998

Piezoresistive pressure sensors have fabricated using electrochemical etch-stop technique. Si diaphragm having thickness of n-epi. layer was fabricated and used to detect pressure range from 0 to 1 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$. Piezoresistors were diffused 3${\times}$10$\^$18/ cm$\^$-3/ and placed at diaphragm edge for maximum pressure detection. The characteristics of electrochemical etch-stop in TMAH/lPA/pyrazine solution were also discussed. I-V curves of n and p-type Si in TMAH/lPA/pyrazine solution were obtained. Etching rate is highest at optimum etching condition, TMAH 25wt.%/IPA 17vo1.%/pyrazine 0.1/100m1, thus the elapsed time of etch-stop was reduced.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
• /
• 2023.10a
• /
• pp.352-357
• /
• 2023

자연어 추론은 두 문장(전제, 가설)간의 관계를 이해하고 추론하여 함의, 모순, 중립 세 가지 범주로 분류하며, 전제-가설-라벨(PHL) 데이터셋을 활용하여 자연어 추론 모델을 학습한다. 그러나, 새로운 도메인에 자연어 추론을 적용할 경우 학습 데이터가 존재하지 않거나 이를 구축하는 데 많은 시간과 자원이 필요하다는 문제가 있다. 본 논문에서는 자연어 추론을 위한 학습 데이터인 전제-가설-라벨 삼중항을 자동 생성하기 위해 [1]에서 제안한 문장 변환 규칙 대신에 거대 언어 모델과 Chain-of-Thought(CoT), Program-aided Language Models(PaL) 등의 프롬프팅(Prompting) 방법을 이용하여 전제-가설-라벨 삼중항을 자동으로 생성하는 방법을 제안한다. 실험 결과, CoT와 PaL 프롬프팅 방법으로 자동 생성된 데이터의 품질이 기존 규칙이나 기본 프롬프팅 방법보다 더 우수하였다.