• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.33-59
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• 2010

Library 2.0 advocates a socially rich, multimedia enabled, user originated and communally innovative environment that poses significant opportunities for the libraries to evolve and make themselves even more relevant and significant for her users. This paper presents a case study of the National Library Board of Singapore, in playing a vital role to facilitate the realisation of a long-term key national program, The Singapore Memory (SM) Project. SM embraces the attributes of the Library 2.0 environment to enable the nation's memory to be collected, organised, preserved, discovered, researched, augmented and created. The output of is an evolving collection of knowledge assets on Singapore along a Singapore Memory Content Continuum of existing content that is steadily augmented with new content. The content will be collected across all formats, in any language, from Singaporeans and non-Singaporeans, from any institution and agency, from Singapore and abroad, and from official and unofficial sources. The utopian scenario of SM Project is that any person, community, group or institution who has ever experienced Singapore in any way or has any material on Singapore will engage actively in the contribution, discovery and creation of content for the project, and thus become advocates to further encourage and catalyse more contribution, discovery and creation. The paper outlines the key approaches, concepts and ideas for the project. An important element is the proliferation, exposure and accessibility of the rich contents envisaged in the project. The SM proliferation plan along with examples of how two existing resources, namely, the Singapore Infopedia, a database of articles on Singapore's history, culture, people and events 4 and NewspaperSG, an online resource of current and historic Singapore and Malayan newspapers, have been designed are presented to demonstrate how content can be exposed, searched and discovered.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.337-343
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• 2020

Activation of osteoclast and inactivation of osteoblast result in loss of bone mass with bone resorption, leading to the pathological progression of osteoporosis. The receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) is a member of the TNF superfamily, and is a key mediator of osteoclast differentiation. A flavanone glycoside isolated from the fruit of Poncirus trifoliata, poncirin has anti-allergic, hypocholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet activities. The present study investigates the effect of poncirin on osteoclast differentiation of RANKL-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. We observed reduced formation of RANKL-stimulated TRAP-positive multinucleated cells (a morphological feature of osteoclasts) after poncirin exposure. Real-time qPCR analysis showed suppression of the RANKL-mediated induction of key osteoclastogenic molecules such as NFATc1, TRAP, c-Fos, MMP9 and cathepsin K after poncirin treatment. Poncirin also inhibited the RANKL-mediated activation of NF-κB and, notably, JNK, without changes in ERK and p38 expression in RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, we assessed the in vivo efficacy of poncirin in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone erosion model. Evaluating the micro-CT of femurs revealed that bone erosion in poncirin treated mice was markedly attenuated. Our results indicate that poncirin exerts anti-osteoclastic effects in vitro and in vivo by suppressing osteoclast differentiation. We believe that poncirin is a promising candidate for inflammatory bone loss therapeutics.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.173-180
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• 2008

Certified e-Document Authority keep it with protection legal as a system a guarantee and identifies originality of an e-Record, It presume to be authenticity e-Records and contents of an e-Record prove what was not changed. But, e-Records has high medium degree of dependence and loss danger of information has very high problems. In addition, Because correction(attachment and deletion) and a revision of information are easy, a problem for integrity and the originality of an e-Record is caused. Existing system show the following inefficient. For the originality guarantee, an existing e-Documents encryption method accomplishes a encrypted process of a whole document with a symmetric key, if the information revised midway, the whole documents content must accomplish re-scanning and re-encryption process again. To get over such inefficient, this paper maximize efficiency which occurred at the time of partial information revision request by encryption and managing using the link information based on the linkage characteristics of the each page on the registered requested e-Documents, It was able to increase security configuration by minimizing problems on an information exposure through increasing complicated of the key management.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.11 no.1 s.39
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• pp.35-44
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• 2006

As the E-commerce and E-business are developed actively, using certificate is incremented rapidly. The certificate validation must be confirmed at first in E-commerce and the OCSP Responder can offer CSI to the client using OCSP. With the rapid development of the E-commerce based on the Internet, a lot of clients request CSI to OCSP Responder. So, the load to OCSP Responder is increased and the OCSP Responder may be overloaded. Therefore, for distributing the load to an OCSP Responder, D-OCSP is introduced. As the CRL has a lot of information about revoked certificates and have a high exposure Possibility of information in the process of distribution, the confidentiality as well as integrity are required in the process of distribution. So, we propose a CRL distributing method based on group key agreement in D-OCSP. The proposed method can distribute effectively a published CRL to OCSP Responders with confidentiality as well as integrity and offer concurrency that each OCSP Responder can start CSI servicing of new CRL to clients at the same time.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1-16
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• 2011

A digital certificate mandated by the Electronic Signature Act has become familiar in our daily lives as 95% of the economically active population hold certificates. Due to upgrades to 256 bit level security that have become effective recently, the security and reliability of digital certificates are expected to increase. Digital certificates based on Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) have been known as "no big problem," but the possibility of password exposure in cases of leaked digital certificates still exists. To minimize this vulnerability, various existing studies have introduced alternative password methods, expansion of certificate storage media, and multiple certification methods. These methods perform enhanced functions but also have limitations including the fact that the secureness of passwords is not guaranteed. This study suggests an alternative method for enhancing the level of password secureness as a way to improve password security. This new method improves security management and enhances the convenience of using digital technologies. The results may be used for developing digital certificate related security technologies and research in the future.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.425-434
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to introduce the establishment process and results of the Seoul Metropolitan Government's road map on environmental health policy. Methods: The process consisted of expert group meetings, civic participation, research, and questionnaire survey for priority environmental health policy agenda items in Seoul. Results: The announced vision for the environmental health policy was "a healthy environment, safety in Seoul". This policy was established in order to define environment health policy initiatives for a period of five years with an aim to protect Seoul citizens' health from hazardous environmental factors. The resulting Seoul environmental health policy consisted of four areas and 16 key agenda items. The four areas were "Protection for children against hazardous materials", "Enhancement of health and safety of all", "Carcinogen-free and endocrine-disrupting chemical-free Seoul (reducing environmental exposure to hazardous materials), and "Establish the foundation of environmental health policy". Sixteen key agenda items include the enhancement of management of spaces for children, certification of environmental health status at schools, establishment of a unit responsible for the environmental health of children, strengthening environmental health management for susceptible populations (children, the aged, and the socioeconomically vulnerable), management of hazardous materials, physical hazardous factors (noise, radiation, etc.), indoor air quality, and the enhancement of monitoring, research, and regulation of environment health. Conclusion: The Seoul Metropolitan Government established an environmental health policy road map for a five-year period (2013-2017). To implement this environmental health policy, budget allocation, and detailed execution plans are required.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2017

Background: Despite our knowledge of the causes of cancer, millions of workers are involuntarily exposed to a wide range of known and suspected carcinogens in the workplace. To address this issue from a policy perspective, we developed a policy framework based on a prospective health policy analysis. Use of the framework was demonstrated for developing policies to prevent cancers associated with diesel engine exhaust (DEE), asbestos, and shift work, three occupational carcinogens with global reach and large cancer impact. Methods: An environmental scan of existing prospective health policy analyses was conducted to select and describe our framework parameters. These parameters were augmented by considerations unique to occupational cancer. Policy-related resources, predominantly from Canada, were used to demonstrate how the framework can be applied to cancers associated with DEE, asbestos, and shift work. Results: The parameters of the framework were: problem statement, context, jurisdictional evidence, primary prevention policy options, and key policy players and their attributes. Applying the framework to the three selected carcinogens illustrated multiple avenues for primary prevention, including establishing an occupational exposure limit for DEE, banning asbestos, and improving shift schedules. The framework emphasized the need for leadership by employers and government. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first proposal for a comprehensive policy framework dedicated to the primary prevention of occupational cancer. The framework can be adapted and applied by key policy players in Canada and other countries as a guide of what parameters to consider when developing policies to protect workers' health.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.1211-1221
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• 2016

In IoT environment, making sure of trust of IoT devices is the most important one than others. The security threats of nowadays almost stay at exposure or tampering of information. However, if human life is strongly connected to the Internet by IoT devices, the security threats will probably target human directly. In case of devices, authentication is verified using the device-known private key. However, if attacker can modify the device physically, knowing the private key cannot be the evidence of trust any more. Thus, we need stronger verification method like code attestation. In this paper, we use software-based code attestation for efficiency. We also suggest secure code attestation method against copy of original code and implement it on embedded device and analyze its performance.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.67-71
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• 2018

Neuronal excitotoxicity induces mitochondrial dysfunction and the release of proapoptotic proteins. Excitotoxicity, the process by which the overactivation of excitatory neurotransmitter receptors leads to neuronal cell death. Neuronal death by excitotoxicity was related to neuronal degenerative disorders and hypoxia, results from excessive exposure to excitatory neurotransmitters, such as glutamate. Glutamate acts at NMDA receptors in cultured neurons to increase the intracellular free calcium concentration. Therefore endogenous glutamate may be a key factor to regulate neuronal cell death via activating $Ca^{2+}$ signaling. For this issue, we tested some conditions to alter intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ level in dissociated hippocampal neurons of rats. Cultured hippocampal neuron were treated by KCl (20 mM), $CaCl_2$ (3.8 mM) and glutamate ($5{\mu}M$) for 24 hrs. Interestingly, The Optical Density of hippocampal neurons was increased by high KCl application in MTT assay data. This enhanced response by high KCl was dependent on synaptic $Ca^{2+}$ influx but not on intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ level. However, the number of neurons seemed to be not changed in Hoechst 33342 staining data. These results suggest that enhancement of synaptic activity plays a key role to increase mitochondrial signaling in hippocampal neurons.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.175-181
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• 2009

Holographic lithography is one of the potential technologies for next generation lithography which can print large areas (6") as well as very fine patterns ($0.35{\mu}m$). Usually, photolithography has been developed with two target purposes. One was for LCD applications which require large areas (over 6") and micro pattern (over $1.5{\mu}m$) exposure. The other was for semiconductor applications which require small areas (1.5") and nano pattern (under $0.2{\mu}m$) exposure. However, holographic lithography can print fine patterns from $0.35{\mu}m$ to $1.5{\mu}m$ keeping the exposure area inside 6". This is one of the great advantages in order to realize high speed fine pattern photolithography. How? It is because holographic lithography is taking holographic optics instead of projection optics. A hologram mask is the key component of holographic optics, which can perform the same function as projection optics. In this paper, Surface-Relief TIR Hologram Mask technology is introduced, and enables more robust hologram masks than those previously reported that were formed in photopolymer recording materials. We describe the important parameters in the fabrication process and their optimization, and we evaluate the patterns printed from the surface-relief TIR hologram masks.