• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2008

Four series (S, M, R, and W) of Alternaria longipes isolates were obtained based on consecutive selection with Dimethachlon (Dim) and ultraviolet irradiation. These isolates were then characterized according to their tolerance to Dim, sensitivity to osmotic stress, and phenotypic properties. All the selected Dim-resistant isolates showed a higher osmosensitivity than the parental strains, and the last generation was more resistant than the first generation in the M, R, and W series. In addition, the changes in the Dim resistance and osmotic sensitivity were not found to be directly correlated, and no distinct morphologic characteristics were found among the resistant and sensitive isolates, with the exception of the resistant isolate K-11. Thus, to investigate the molecular basis of the fungicide resistance, a group III two-component histidine kinase (HK) gene, AlHK1, was cloned from nineteen A. longipes isolates. AlHK1p was found to be comprised of a six 92-amino-acid repeat domain (AARD), HK domain, and response regulator domain, similar to the Os-1p from Neurospora crassa. A comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the AlHK1 gene from the Dim-sensitive and -resistant isolates revealed that all the resistant isolates contained a single-point mutation in the AARD of AlHK1p, with the exception of isolate K-11, where the AlHK1p contained a deletion of 107 amino acids. Moreover, the AlHK1p mutations in the isolates of each respective series involved the same amino acid substitution at the same site, although the resistance levels differed significantly in each series. Therefore, these findings suggested that a mutation in the AARD of AlHK1p was not the sole factor responsible for A. longipes resistance to dicarboximide fungicides.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.379-392
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of animation-based instruction on elementary students' level of understanding and interest on a plant's structure and function, using "Magic School Bus(Joanna Cole, Bruce Degen, 1986)". The understanding and interest measurements were administered to 99 fifth grade students at a elementary school located in Seoul. The study examined the changes in understanding and interest through pre-test and post-test of the two groups. Intensive interviews were conducted to find factors that enhance understanding and interest. Three key findings were revealed from the results. First, the animation-based instruction enhanced the level of understanding in the experimental group compared to the control group. Second, animation-based instruction made high-achieving students enhance their interest in topic component and attitude component. And, animation-based instruction did not led low-achieving students to increase their interest in the topic component and attitude component. We suggest that animation-based instruction positively influences students' understanding, but its effects on students' interest are dependent on their conceptual understanding of the topic.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.649-660
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• 2020

This paper proves a new regularity criterion for solutions to the Cauchy problem of the 3D Boussinesq equations via one directional derivative of the horizontal component of the velocity field (i.e., (∂_iu₁; ∂_ju₂; 0) where i, j ∈ {1, 2, 3}) in the framework of the anisotropic Lebesgue spaces. More precisely, for 0 < T < ∞, if $$\large{\normalsize\displaystyle\smashmargin{2}{\int\nolimits_o}^T}({\HUGE\left\|{\small{\parallel}{\partial}_iu_1(t){\parallel}_{L^{\alpha}_{x_i}}}\right\|}{\small^{\gamma}_{L^{\beta}_{x_{\hat{i}}x_{\bar{i}}}}+}{\HUGE\left\|{\small{\parallel}{\partial}_iu_2(t){\parallel}_{L^{\alpha}_{x_j}}}\right\|}{\small^{\gamma}_{L^{\beta}_{x_{\hat{i}}x_{\bar{i}}}}})dt<{{\infty}},$$ where ${\frac{2}{{\gamma}}}+{\frac{1}{{\alpha}}}+{\frac{2}{{\beta}}}=m{\in}[1,{\frac{3}{2}})$ and ${\frac{3}{m}}{\leq}{\alpha}{\leq}{\beta}<{\frac{1}{m-1}}$, then the corresponding solution (u, θ) to the 3D Boussinesq equations is regular on [0, T]. Here, (i, ${\hat{i}}$, ${\tilde{i}}$) and (j, ${\hat{j}}$, ${\tilde{j}}$) belong to the permutation group on the set 𝕊₃ := {1, 2, 3}. This result reveals that the horizontal component of the velocity field plays a dominant role in regularity theory of the Boussinesq equations.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.126-128
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• 2004

As e-mail is becoming increasingly important in every day life activity, mail users spend more and more time organizing and classifying the e-mails they receive into folder. Many existing recommendation systems or text classification are mostly focused on recommending the products for the commercial purposes or web documents. So this study aims to apply these application to e-mail more necessary to users. This paper suggests a dynamic recommendation agent system based on Rule Filtering Component recommending the relevant category to enable users directly to manage the optimum classification when a new e-mail is received as the effective method for E-Mail Management. Moreover we try to improve the accuracy as eliminating the limits of misclassification that can be key in classifying e-mails by category. While the existing Bayesian Learning Algorithm mostly uses the fixed threshold, we prove to improve the satisfaction of users as increasing the accuracy by changing the fixed threshold to the dynamic threshold. We designed main modules by rule filtering component for enhanced scalability and reusability of our system.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.703-725
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• 2002

컴포넌트는 소프트웨어 개발의 복잡성을 감소시키는 효과적인 방법으로 평가되고 있다. 그러나 소프트웨어 개발 시 컴포넌트를 사용하여 기간 단축과 비용 절감 효과를 얻기 위해서는 컴포넌트의 재사용성이 향상되어야 한다. 업무 단위로 컴포넌트를 설계하여 컴포넌트 안에 업무 워크플로우를 포함하는 것은 컴포넌트의 재사용성을 향상시키는 효과적인 방법이다. 워크플로우가 내장된 컴포넌트는 업무 단위로 재사용되기 때문에 개발 기간 단축과 비용 절감 효과가 크다. 몇 몇 컴포넌트 방법론에서 워크플로우를 내장한 컴포넌트 설계 기법의 필요성을 제시했다. 그러나 컴포넌트 개발에 적용하기 위해서는 좀 더 실용적이고 구체적인 기법이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 컴포넌트를 통한 워크플로우의 재사용을 위해 패밀리 멤버간의 가변적인 워크플로우를 컴포넌트에 내장하여 재사용성을 높이는 기법을 제안한다. 제시된 기법은 워크플로우와 워크플로우 가변성에 대한 정형명세를 통해 복잡한 워크플로우의 설계를 단순화한다. 또한 정형 명세를 통해 워크플로우 가변성 간의 불일치를 해결하고 가변성의 결합도를 낮춘다. 정형 명세와 UML을 사용한 컴포넌트 모델링의 산출물은 컴포넌트 구현 소스 코드를 자동으로 생성하는 것을 돕는다. 따라서 제시된 설계 기법은 개발자의 생산성을 높이고 컴포넌트의 재사용성을 향상시킨다. 본 논문에서는 설계 기법과 함께 예제를 통해 컴포넌트 워크플로우 명세와 설계 기법의 타당성을 입증한다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2010

Clenbuterol, a $\beta_2$-adrenoceptor agonist, has been proven to be a powerful repartition agent that can decrease fat deposition. Based on results from our previous cDNA microarray experiment of pig clenbuterol administration, a novel up-regulated EST was full-length cloned (4859 bp encoding 1041 amino acids) and found to be the pig homolog of large tumor suppressor 2 (Lats2). We mapped pig Lats2 to chromosome 11p13-14 by using FISH, and western blotting demonstrated that pig Lats2 protein was most abundant in adipose. In Drosophila, Lats2 ortholog was reported as a key component of the Hippo pathway which regulates cell differentiation and growth. Here, we show that pig Lats2 exhibit inverted expression to YAP1, another member of the Hippo pathway which positively regulates cell growth and proliferation, during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Our results suggested that Lats2 may involve in Hippo pathway regulating the fat reduction by inhibiting adipocyte differentiation and growth.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1162-1169
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• 2014

Glyphosate is the active component of the top-selling herbicide, the phytotoxicity of which is due to its inhibition of the shikimic acid pathway. 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) is a key enzyme in the shikimic acid pathway. Glyphosate tolerance in plants can be achieved by the expression of a glyphosate-insensitive aroA gene (EPSPS). In this study, we used a PCR-based two-step DNA synthesis method to synthesize a new aroA gene ($aroA_{R.\;leguminosarum}$) from Rhizobium leguminosarum. In vitro glyphosate sensitivity assays showed that $aroA_{R.\;leguminosarum}$ is glyphosate tolerant. The new gene was then expressed in E. coli and key kinetic values of the purified enzyme were determined. Furthermore, we transformed the aroA gene into Arabidopsis thaliana by the floral dip method. Transgenic Arabidopsis with the $aroA_{R.\;leguminosarum}$ gene was obtained to prove its potential use in developing glyphosate-resistant crops.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.438-444
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• 2010

Dnd (dead end) gene encodes an RNA binding protein and is specifically expressed in primordial germ cells (PGCs) as a vertebrate-specific component of the germ plasma throughout embryogenesis. By utilizing a technique of specific nucleic acids associated with proteins (SNAAP), 13 potential target mRNAs of zebrafish Dnd (ZDnd) protein were identified from 8-cell embryo, and 8 target mRNAs have been confirmed using an RT-PCR analysis. Of the target mRNAs, the present study is focused on the regulation of geminin, which is an inhibitor of DNA replication. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), we demonstrated that ZDND protein bound the 67-nucleotide region from 864 to 931 in the 3'UTR of geminin mRNA, a sequence containing 60.29% of uridine. Results from a dual-luciferase assay in HEK293 cells showed that ZDND increases the translation of geminin. Taken together, the identification of target mRNA for ZDnd will be helpful to further explore the biological function of Dnd in zebrafish germ-line development as well as in cancer cells.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2006

새로운 개발 패러다임으로 컴포넌트 기반 소프트웨어 개발이 소개되었다. 이 접근방식은 재사용 가능하면서 독립적인 단위의 컴포넌트들을 기반으로 소프트웨어를 개발하기 때문에 기존의 소프트웨어 개발 방식과는 차이가 있다. 따라서, 컴포넌트 기반 개발(CBD)은 크게 두 단계인 컴포넌트 개발 프로세스와 컴포넌트 조립 프로세스 즉, 어플리케이션 개발 프로세스로 구분된다. 컴포넌트 개발 프로세스는 컴포넌트가 품질 좋은 소프트웨어를 위한 열쇠이기 때문에 컴포넌트 기반 소프트웨어 개발에서 핵심적인 부분이라고 할 수 있다. 현재 이와 관련하여 학계 및 산업체에서 많은 방법론이나 도구들이 소개되고 있다. 그러나, 이러한 방법론이나 도구들은 실제 컴포넌트 개발 프로젝트에 손쉽게 적용할 수 있을 정도의 체계적이면서 유연한 모델링 기법들을 제시하고 있지 못하고 있다. 또한 현존 기법들은 컴포넌트 모델링에 있어서 독단적인 기법을 갖고 있거나 혹은 경험적 지침 정도만을 제공하고 있는 수준이다. 그 결과 많은 컴포넌트 개발자들이 컴포넌트 모델을 어떻게 개발해야 할지, 언제 어떠한 다이어그램을 개발해야 할지 등에 대한 어려움을 직면하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 메타 모델 기반의 접근법을 제시하고자 한다. 특히 계층과 개발 단계에 따른 메타 모델들을 제시하고자 한다. 이로써 개발자들은 적절한 시기에 적합한 모델들을 개발할 수 있게 된다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.704-711
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• 2006

Vibration test on MAST(multi axial simulation table) system has several advantage over one-axial vibration test that could simulate 6-DOF, 3-axial translation and 3-axial moment, at the same time. Since field vibration motion can be fully represented with 6-DOF, multi-axial vibration test on vehicle component is widely conducted in technical leading companies to make sure its fatigue performance in vibration environment. On the way to fulfill the process, editing technique of obtained field data is key issue to success a reliable vibration testing with MAST system. Since the original signals are not only too large to fulfill it directly, but all of the measured data is not guarantee its convergency on generating its driving files, editing technique of the original signals are highly required to make some events that should meet the equal fatigue damage on the target component In this paper, key technique on editing a field data feasible for MAST system is described based on energy method in vibration fatigue. To explain its technique explicitly, author first introduced a process on field data acquisition of two vehicle component and then, representing events are produced to keep up with the editing strategy about a energy method. In the final chapter, a time information regarding a vibration test on MAST system is derived from the energy data which is critical information to perform a vibration test.