• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.146-151
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• 2017

Quality characteristics (moisture, protein, ash, bulk density, falling number, damaged kernel, and foreign material) of 443 domestic wheat samples harvested between 2011 and 2013 were compared with those of 160 imported wheat samples from the United States, Australia, and Canada. Moisture content of domestic wheat (10.9~13.9%) was generally higher than that of imported wheat (8.0~12.6%). Large variation in protein content was found in domestic wheat compared to imported wheat even though variation in protein content of domestic wheat tended to decrease every year, implying quality control efforts for domestic wheat. A similar trend was observed in ash content, which was approximately 0.1% higher in domestic wheat kernels over 3 years. Imported wheat samples had a falling number of 300 or above. On the other hand, some domestic wheat samples had a falling number of 300, which meant low quality of wheat kernels. Generally, quality variations in domestic wheat kernels decreased over the years; however, it is necessary to maintain minimum requirements of moisture content and falling number for high and consistent quality domestic wheat.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.11
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• pp.1596-1602
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• 2012

Eight rice cultivars grown in Korea were analyzed to investigate the quality of flour prepared using wet and dry grinding methods. The hardness of the kernel was related with starch damage following dry grinding but not following wet grinding. Although Chenmaai had the hardest steeped kernel, its flour exhibited minimal starch damage, a lower water absorption index (WAI), and a smaller difference between the RVA properties of wet and dry ground flour. However, Seolgan and Suweon517 are soft grains, and their flours had more starch damage and a higher WAI. In general, soft kernels produce better grinding characteristics. However, our wet grinding results indicated that grain hardness was not the main factor affecting the grinding characteristics. Even Chenmaai, with its hard kernels, had good grinding characteristics, whereas the softer kernels of Seolgan and Suweon517 did not show the appropriate grinding characteristics.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 1986

To obtain basic information required for improving grain yield of the two modified opaque-2 synthetics, which have been developed at College of Agr., Chungnam National Univ. in 1980 and named as Puyo No.2 and No.3, physical kernel characteristics of the two synthetics were fully investigated and results obtained are as follows: Puyo No.2 synthetics had a smaller kernel size with lighter weight than the Puyo No.3. The Puyo No.2 synthetics had higher kernel density than the Puyo No.3 with large Kernel size. The Puyo No.2 had kernels with heterogenous endosperm phenotypes. Some kernels had mottled patches on endosperm, while other kernels 1/2 and 1/2 phenotypes. All the modified opaque-2 synthetics had somewhat lighter endosperm weight than the normal check hybrid. The Puyo No.2 synthetics with smaller kernel size had more germ portion compared with large kernel, Puyo No.3. The Puyo No.2 had shown also typical endosperm texture when observed under microscope after cutting by glass knife. The lysine content of the Puyo No.2 was higher than those of other varieties studied. Breeding schemes to improve the yield capacity of the two modified opaue-2 synthetics were discussed.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 1993

The barley plant for whole crop forage is advantageous to have traits with higher photosynthetic rate, biomass, lodging resistance, and awnless spikes. The objective of this study is to investigate performance of near-isogenic line pairs for the awned and awnless in the field, and to observe the variations in photosynthetic rate, yield and their related traits under removal of flag leaf and awns. Grain yield was 6% higher, but biomass and photosynthetic rate were 6～16% and 6% lower in the awned line than those in the awnless grown in the field ,respectively. Defoliation of flag leaf resulted in approximately 3～4%, and 5～6% decreases in 1,000 kernels and grain weights, respectively. Deawning at the heading stage of the long awned line decreased 1,000 kernels and grain weights by 7% and 15%, respectively, The removal of both assimilative tissues caused 14 and 21% decrements in 1,000 kernels and grain weights. Apparent photosynthetic rate of leaf blade in awnless line was 6.1 -9. 7 $CO_2$$_2$ ${\mu}$mole $m^{-2}$ $s{-1}$, much higher than that in awned line. The relative rates in the second and third leaves were about 93% and 55～63%, respectively as compared with that in the flag leaf. The results of the experiments suggest that the awnless line selected for whole crop forage is a potential plant type with higher photosynthetic rate, leaf area and greater biomass.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.58-63
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• 2008

Variation of chalkiness expression in milled waxy rice with the moisture contents of grains was investigated using instrument and naked eye evaluation methods. To find out any effects of varieties and harvesting times on the chalkiness development, rice grains of seven waxy varieties harvested at early, optimal and late times were tested after being sun-dried to have three different moisture contents of about $13.0{\sim}14.5%$, $14.5{\sim}16.0%$ and above 16.0%. The moisture contents of rice grains were distributed in the ranges of about 13.0% to 17.5% with the drying intensity right after harvesting. Although there were some genetical variations in whiteness and degree of transparency of milled rice grains among varieties at the same condition, chalkiness was most significantly affected by the changes of moisture content in all waxy varieties and harvesting times. At the moisture content less than 13.5%, all varieties exhibited waxy unique chalkiness, and at the moisture ranges between 13.5% and 14.0% the chalkiness was more or less affected by harvesting time and varieties. At the moisture content ranges between 14.0% and 16.0%, chalkiness gradually disappeared as with the increase of moisture content. However the degrees of chalkiness loses were strongly depended on individual kernels by showing as if the number of non-waxy rice kernels would be increasing in waxy rice grains with the moisture content increase. At the moisture content above about 16.0%, all waxy kernels lost their unique chalkiness, and showed non-waxy rice appearance.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.251-275
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a novel kernel called a semantic parse tree kernel that extends the parse tree kernel previously studied to extract protein-protein interactions(PPIs) and shown prominent results. Among the drawbacks of the existing parse tree kernel is that it could degenerate the overall performance of PPI extraction because the kernel function may produce lower kernel values of two sentences than the actual analogy between them due to the simple comparison mechanisms handling only the superficial aspects of the constituting words. The new kernel can compute the lexical semantic similarity as well as the syntactic analogy between two parse trees of target sentences. In order to calculate the lexical semantic similarity, it incorporates context-based word sense disambiguation producing synsets in WordNet as its outputs, which, in turn, can be transformed into more general ones. In experiments, we introduced two new parameters: tree kernel decay factors, and degrees of abstracting lexical concepts which can accelerate the optimization of PPI extraction performance in addition to the conventional SVM's regularization factor. Through these multi-strategic experiments, we confirmed the pivotal role of the newly applied parameters. Additionally, the experimental results showed that semantic parse tree kernel is superior to the conventional kernels especially in the PPI classification tasks.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.255-272
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• 2005

This paper is concerned with studying the weighted $L^P$ boundedness of a class of maximal operators related to homogeneous singular integrals with rough kernels. We obtain appropriate weighted $L^P$ bounds for such maximal operators. Our results are extensions and improvements of the main theorems in [2] and [5].

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.397-409
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• 2015

This paper considers a class of new convolution integral equations whose kernels involve special functions such as the generalized Mittag-Leffler function and the extended Kummer hypergeometric function. Some basic properties of interconnection with the familiar Riemann-Liouville operators are obtained which are used in fiding the solution of the main convolution integral equation. Several consequences are deduced from the main result by incorporating certain extended forms of hypergeometric functions in our present investigation.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.527-538
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• 1998

We study on kernel operators (Wick monomials) on symmetric Fock space. We give optimal conditions on kernels so that the corresponding kernel operators are densely defined linear operators on the Fock space. We try to formulate our results in the framework of white noise analysis as much as possible. The most of the results in this paper can be extended to anti-symmetric Fock space.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.spc1
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• pp.45-47
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• 2003

A white light flare was observed at the limb on 16 August 1989 in He 10830 ${\AA}$ spectra, H$\alpha$ slit jaw photo-grams, and white light filter-grams of ${\lambda}=5600{\AA}{\pm}800{\AA}$. The kernels of the white light flare are not spatially related with Ha brightenings, suggesting that the flare energy would be released at the photosphere.