• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was intended to standardize the Kangaroo care protocol for fathers, and to determine the effect of fathers' Kangaroo care experience on paternal attachment. Methods: The data was collected from February to April, 2013. The study subjects were 34 fathers (17 experimental group subjects, 17 control group subjects) of premature babies, bornatatertiaryhospitalinSeoul, who agreed to participate . The standardized Kangaroo care protocol, which consisted of at least three 60-minutes sessions during the hospitalization period in a neonatal intensive care unit, was carried out with the experimental group. The data was analyzed by a $x^2$-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The results were as follows: 1) There were no between-group differences in the general characteristics of babies and their fathers. 2) The Kangaroo care fathers showed higher scores of paternal attachment than the control group (Z=-3.657, p=0.008). Conclusion: Fathers who attended the Kangaroo care sessions showed stronger paternal attachment than those who did not. Therefore, use of a Kangaroo care program for fathers of premature babies at neonatal intensive care units is recommended.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.171-182
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the effect of kangaroo care on body weight, physiological responses and behavioral states in premature infants. The subjects were 32 premature infants, fifteen for the kangaroo care group and seventeen for the control group, who hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit at a university-affiliated hospital. The kangaroo care was applied 8 times during the twenty five days with 40 minutes for each session. The kangaroo care provides the skin-to-skin contact during which a premature infant wearing a diaper and a hat is placed on its mother's chest. As for the measures, body weight was measured everyday. The levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine and 17-OHCS were measured twice, before beginning the first intervention and after finishing the last intervention. While each session of the care is undergoing, such physiological responses were measured periodically as heart rate, respiration rate, oxygen saturation, core temperature and skin temperature. The results were as follows : 1. The weight gain was significantly greater in the kangaroo care group than that in the control group during the period of performing the kangaroo care. 2. No significant difference was revealed between the two groups in heart rate, respiration rate, oxygen saturation and core temperature. The kangaroo care group also showed significant increases in the skin temperature. 3. The differences in the levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine and 17-OHCS were not significant between the kangaroo care and the control groups. The level of norepinephrine in the two groups was significantly increased over time. 4. Sleep pattern changed significantly in the kangaroo group from a very restless sleep to a very quiet sleep. These results suggest that kangaroo care is an effective nursing intervention for premature infants in gaining weight, achieving stable physiological responses and facilitating a quiet sleep.

• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to implement safe and suitable kangaroo mother care with healthy mothers and newborns immediately after childbirth. In addition, it aimed to assess its effects on maternal attachment, maternal role confidence, and maternal role satisfaction. Research design, data and methodology: A quasi-experimental design was used with pre and posttests. A total of 58 participants were selected by convenience sampling through public notifications at a women's hospital. The control group performed routine care without providing kangaroo contact, and a posttest was performed four weeks after the pretest. The experimental group comprised healthy mothers who had given birth by cesarean section. They performed kangaroo mother care twice a day (60 min each) for four weeks for their newborns after the protocol was validated by an expert. Results: The results showed significantly higher maternal attachment, maternal role confidence, and maternal role satisfaction in mothers who participated in kangaroo mother care than those who did not. Our findings suggested that kangaroo mother care has a positive effect on the enhancement of maternal attachment and facilitation of maternal role confidence and satisfaction. Conclusions: Thus, the expansion and implementation of kangaroo mother care are necessary to promote healthier mother-child relationships.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.281-290
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the effect of kangaroo care on anxiety and confidence and gratification of mothering role in mothers of low birth weight infants. The subjects were 30 mothers of low birth weight infants, sixteen for the kangaroo care group and fourteen for the control group, whose infants hospitalized in two neonatal intensive care unit at two university-affiliated hospital. The kangaroo care was applied 9 times during the twenty six days with 40 minutes for each session. The kangaroo care provides the skin-to-skin contact during which a low birth weight infant wearing a diaper and a hat is placed on its mother's chest. The questionnaire, state anxiety was completed before beginning the first intervention. The questionnaire, state anxiety and confidence and gratification of mothering role were completed at 2 weeks after discharge. The data were analyzed by a SPSS program. The results were as follows : 1. There were no significant differences in the state anxiety between the kangaroo care and the control group before beginning the first intervention. The state anxiety was significantly lower in kangaroo care group than in control group. 2. The confidence of mothering role was significantly higher in kangaroo care group than in control group at 2 weeks after discharge. 3. The gratification of mothering role was significantly higher in kangaroo care group than in control group at 2 weeks after discharge. 4. In mothers of low birth weight infants, the state anxiety was negatively correlated to the confidence of mothering role and the gratification of mothering role at 2 weeks after discharge. And the confidence of mothering role in mothers of low birth weight infants was positively correlated to the gratification of mothering role at 2 weeks after discharge. These results suggest that kangaroo care is an effective nursing intervention for mothers of low birth weight infants in reducing the state anxiety, improving the confidence and gratification of mothering role.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.313-325
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to develop the protocol of kangaroo care for premature infants and to evaluate its effects including physiologic responses of premature infants, their parents'anxiety, and neonatal nurses'perception regarding the kangaroo care. Methods: Kangaroo care protocol was developed through a literature review and validation of an expert group. The developed kangaroo care protocol was tested with 27 preterm infants, 24 parents, and 60 nurses in one neonatal intensive care unit in S hospital. Data were collected from December 2012 to February 2013 and analyzed by descriptive statistics and t-test using the SPSS/Win statistical program. Results: Physiologic responses including heart rate, respiration rate, oxygen saturation, body temperature among premature infants received the kangaroo care were maintained within normal limit. The anxiety levels of the parents who provided kangaroo care for their infants were significantly decreased as it was compared before and after care (t=3.43, p=.002). There were no significant differences in nurses'perceptions about kangaroo care before and after the application of the protocol. Conclusion: The developed kangaroo care protocol is proved to be effective and can be used safely in nursing practice.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.599-610
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• 2016

본 연구는 미숙아와 어머니를 대상으로 캥거루 케어 효과를 비교하기 위해 수행된 체계적 문헌고찰 및 메타분석 연구이다. 2015년 2월까지 출간된 무작위 임상실험연구를 검토하였으며, 국내문헌은 연구설계수준에 따른 제한 없이 비무작위 임상실험연구를 포함하였다. 문헌은 Ovid-Medline, CINAHL, PubMed와 국내 DB인 KoreaMed, 국립중앙도서관, 국회도서관, 국가과학기술전자도서관, KISS, RISS, 한국의학논문을 통해 ((kangaroo OR KC OR skin-to-skin) AND (care OR contact)) AND (infant OR preterm OR Low Birth Weight OR LBW), ((캥거루 OR 캉가루 OR 캉가루식) AND (케어 OR 간호 OR 관리 OR 돌보기 OR 피부접촉)) 등을 주요어로 조합하여 검색하였으며, 선택배제과정을 거쳐 최종 25편(n=3051)의 문헌이 분석에 포함되었다. 문헌에 대한 질평가는 SIGN에서 제시한 평가도구를 사용하였으며, 질평가 결과는 16편에서 ++, 9편에서 +로 평가되어 전반적으로 비뚤림 위험은 없는 것으로 판단하였다. 미숙아를 대상으로 한 캥거루 케어의 효과에 대한 메타분석 결과, 미숙아 사망률, 중증 감염/패혈증 발생률, 저체온 발생률, 병원입원기간, 모유수유율, 수면상태, 어머니의 불안, 어머니 역할수행 자신감, 어머니 역할수행 만족도에서 통계적으로 유의한 효과가 있었으며, 고체온 발생률, 미숙아의 성장발달(신장, 체중), 모아애착, 우울, 스트레스는 유의미한 차이가 없었다. 국내에서 캥거루 케어에 대한 무작위 임상실험연구 수가 적어 효과크기에 대한 확증적 결과를 얻는 데에는 다소 제한이 있었으므로 향후 이와 관련된 무작위 임상실험연구의 효과검증에 대한 노력이 지속적으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.138-145
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• 2008

Purpose: This study, using a pre-posttest design of non-equivalence comparative groups, was done to determine effects of KC (kangaroo care) on weight and SH (stress hormone) of premature infants. Method: Participants were 31 premature infants assigned to KC(14) or CG(control group)(17). Data were collected from June 2006 to February 2007. KC was given for 60 minutes at a time, Mon, Wed, and Fri for a 10 times. Body weight was measured at a fixed time daily and serum cortisol was examined as part of routine blood testing, frequent for premature infants. Results: The weight for infants in the KC group was higher than the control. The difference was significant between both the two groups, and the 2 measurement times(F=12.7, p=.001). SH(cortisol) in infants of KC group decreased than CG, but there was no valid difference from the statistical viewpoint. Conclusion: The result of the study suggest that KC contributes to weight increase in premature infants and also that KC is effective for SH reduction in spite of the lack of statistical validity. Therefore, our conclusion is that KC can be used as an independent nursing intervention for development and advance of premature infants.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.128-137
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• 2016

본 연구는 신생아 중환자실에 입원한 미숙아를 대상으로 캥거루식 접촉이 미숙아의 신체발달, 외부환경 적응, 어머니의 역할수행 자신감에 미치는 효과를 파악하기 위해 시도되었다. 연구대상은 B광역시에 소재한 1개 종합병원에서 제왕절개분만을 한 미숙아와 미숙아 어머니로서 캥거루식 접촉을 시행 한 실험군 19명과 캥거루식 접촉을 하지 않은 대조군 19명이다. 자료수집기간은 2013년 6월 1일부터 2015년 6월 30일까지이며, 실험군에게 캥거루식 접촉을 하루 3회(1회 60분), 총 10회를 실시하였다. 미숙아의 신체발달(체중, 신장, 머리둘레)과 외부환경 적응(체온, 심박동수, 산소포화도)을 캥거루식 접촉 전에 측정하였고, 중재를 제공한 후 다시 측정하였다. 어머니 역할수행 자신감은 자가보고식 설문지로 측정하였다. 연구결과 캥거루식 접촉을 시행한 실험군과 접촉을 시행하지 않은 대조군 간의 차이에서 미숙아의 신체발달은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으며(체중 t=-0.83, p=.21 신장 t=-0.34, p=.37, 머리둘레 t=1.29, p=.10), 외부환경 적응에서 산소포화도가 유의한 차이가 있었다(t=2.27, p=.02). 미숙아 어머니의 역할수행 자신감은 유의한 차이가 없었다(t=-0.41, p=.34). 결론적으로 캥거루식 접촉은 미숙아의 외부환경 적응에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.182-191
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• 2015

무인과속단속시스템은 속도위반 차량을 효과적으로 단속하기 위해 도입되었으나, 기존의 지점 과속단속시스템의 경우 차량 내비게이션, 스마트폰 등을 통해 제공되는 위치정보 서비스로 인해 단속 효과가 현격히 낮아지게 되었다. 구간 과속단속시스템은 지점 과속단속카메라 설치 지점에서 나타나는 카메라 전후에서 급감속 및 재가속을 반복하는 회피 거동으로 인한 여러 가지 부정적인 문제점을 보완하기 위해 도입되어 설치를 확대해 나가고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는, 국내 고속도로 상에 설치된 구간 과속단속시스템에서 나타나는 교통류 특성에 대해 대조 구간을 설정하여 비교 분석하였다. 이를 위해 구간의 특성 등을 고려하여, 중부내륙선, 대전-통영선, 영동선 내의 구간 과속단속 시행구간에 대해 VDS 검지기 데이터를 수집하였으며, 데이터필터링을 통해 비교분석에 용이한 조건을 설정하고 자유속도 상태에서의 교통류 특성을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 구간 과속단속구간 내에서는 대조 구간에 비해 속도 평균 및 속도 분산이 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며, 통계적 검정 방법을 이용하여 이를 확인하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.144-152
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• 2019

According to the National Police Agency, point-to-point speed enforcement system is being installed and operated in 97 sections across the country. It is more effective than other enforcement systems in terms of stabilizing the traffic flow and inhibiting the kangaroo effect. But it is only 5.1% of the total enforcement systems. The National Police Agency is also aware that its operation ratio is very low and it is necessary to expand point-to-point speed enforcement system. Hence, this study aims to provide the expansion basis of the point-to-point speed enforcement operation through analysis of the quantitative effects and development the accident prediction model. Firstly, this study analyzed the effectiveness of point-to-point speed enforcement system. Naive before-after study and comparison group method(C-G Method) were used as methodologies of analyzing the effectiveness. The result of using the naive before-after study was significant. Total accidents, EPDOs and casualty crashes decreased by 42.15%, 70.64% and 45.30% respectively. And average speed and the ratio of exceeding speed limit decreased by 6.92% and 20.50%p respectively. Moreover, using the C-G method total accidents, EPDOs and casualty crashes decreased by 31.35%, 66.62% and 10.04% respectively. And average speed and the ratio of exceeding speed limit decreased by 3.49% and 56.65%p respectively. Secondly, this study developed a prediction model for the probability of casualty crash. It was dependant on factors of traffic volume, ratio of exceeding speed limit, ratio of heavy vehicle, ratio of curve section, and presence of point-to-point speed enforcement. Finally, this study selected the most danger sections to the major highway and evaluated proper installation sections to the recent installation section by applying the accident prediction model. The results of this study are expected to be useful in establishing the installation standards for the point-to-point speed enforcement system.