• Mycobiology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.85-89
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• 2001

URP primers of 20 mer derived from repetitive sequence of rice were used to assess genetic variation of oyster mushroom consisting of 10 cultivars of Pleurotus ostreatus, two cultivars of P. florida and two cultivars of P. sajor-caju which were registered in Korea. URP2F and URP38F primers produced cultivar-specific PCR polymorphic bands in the Pleurotus species. UPGMA cluster analysis using the URP-PCR data showed that 14 Pleurotus cultivars are genetically clustered into large three groups. The URP-PCR data provided important information for more efficient breeding strategies of Pleurotus cultivars.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.214-218
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• 2004

Germplasms having valuable characters are increasjngly important for modern breeding programs. This study was conducted to obtain the basic data for effective use of genetic resources of Polygonatum. The relationship of seven Polygonatum species collected widely in Korea was analyzed by RAPD markers. Total number of alleles amplified by nineteen random primers were 114 to 157, and variation in number of alleles was also diverse among seven species examined. The seven species were divided into two groups; one was of Polygonatum stenophyllum and Polygonatum humile. the other was of Polygonatum inflatum, Polygonatum lasianthum, Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum (1), (2), and for variegatum.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.112-117
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• 1996

Arginine decarboxylase (ADC) is the first enzyme in one of the two pathways of diamine putrescine biosynthesis in plants. The genes encoding ADC have previously been cloned from Escherichia coli, oat and tomato genome. Two degenerate oligonucleotides (17-mer) corresponding to two conserved regions of ADC were used as primers in polymerase chain reaction of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genomic DNA, and an approximately 1.0 kbp fragment was obtained. This amplified PCR product showed an open reading frame which contains 1,022 bp of nucleotide sequences. This PCR product was cloned into pGEM-originated T vector and the short 500 bp PstI digested fragment was subcloned into pGEM-3zf(+/-) vectors to facilitate sequencing. The nucleotide sequence of this PCR product showed about 74% and 70% identity with the same regions of the oat and tomato ADC cDNA sequences, respectively. The predicted amino acid sequence exhibited 45% and 62% identity with oat and tomato ADC polypeptide fragments, respectively. The sequence similarities of 34%, 47% and 38% were previously reported in oat and E. coli, tomato and oat, and tomato and E. coli ADC amino acids, respectively. Therefore, similarities and identities between rice and oat or tomato are remarkably higher than those others of the previous reports. In the highly conserved regions in both the amino acid sequence and spacing regions among the sequences of these three, rice ADC open reading frame also has the exactly same regions with the striking similarity. RNA blot analysis showed that hnc is expressed as a transcript of approximately 2.5 kbP in the rice seedling leaf tissues.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 2003

Streptococcal infection is one of the most serious disease of cultured olive flounder, Paralychthys olivaceus in Korea and caused by more than one species. However, there has been considerable confusions about the taxonomic position of the fish pathogenic streptococci. In this study, We performed the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) pattern analysis to evaluate the possible classification in 8 streptococci isolated from diseased olive flounder and reference strains based on their DNA structure. RAPD PCR with DNA solution prepared by simple boiling and 10-mer random primer was appeared to be a good tool for discrimination of different streptococcal strains. Phenotypical characters by simple biological test and API 20 Strep corresponded well to the specific profiles of RAPD in streptococcal isolates of this study. Therefore, the RAPD profile was considered as one of differential characters to discriminate the streptococcal isolates from diseased olive flounder.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.473-477
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• 2009

Previously, the 9-mer analog peptides, 9Pbw2 and 9Pbw4, were designed based on a defensin-like peptide, protaetiamycine isolated from Protaetia brevitarsis. In this study, antifungal effects of the analog peptides were investigated. The antifungal susceptibility testing exhibited that 9Pbw4 contained more potent antifungal activities than 9Pbw2. A PI influx assay confirmed the effects of the analog peptides and demonstrated that the peptides exerted their activity by a membrane-active mechanism, in an energy-independent manner. As the noteworthy potency of 9Pbw4, the mechanism(s) of 9Pbw4 were further investigated. The membrane studies, using rhodamine-labeled giant unilamellar vesicle (GUV) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran loaded liposome, suggested that the membrane-active mechanism of 9Pbw4 could have originated from the pore-forming action and the radii of pores was presumed to be anywhere from 1.8 nm to 3.3 nm. These results were confirmed by 3D-flow cytometric contour-plot analysis. The present study suggests a potential of 9Pbw4 as a novel antifungal peptide.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.76-83
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• 1998

Echinochloa species maintained by selling for more than 10 years were classified using random amplified polymorphic DNAs(RAPDs) analysis. Seventy-four decamer of randomly sequence markers were used to classify intraspecific variation irt Echinochloa species. The number of amplification products increased with increasing GC content of the primer in the range between 60% and 70% GC. Single-base substitutions of a primer altered amplification, providing new polymorphisms. The size of amplified DNA was mostly between 0.40kbp and 1.4kbp with the most common bands at 1.1kbp. Echinochloa species were detected with 6 primers which generated 26 polymorphic amplified DNAs. By hierarchical cluster analysis, Echinochloa species collected in Korea were divided into three groups. These results revealed that RAPD markers are useful tools for the determination of genetic variations in Echinochloa species.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.214-224
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• 2015

The economy of India and so also of many Asian countries depends on bamboos and their uses are not only in domestic items but also in rural housing and raw materials to several industries and germplasm characterization is an important link between the conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources. Classical taxonomic studies of the bamboos are based on floral morphology and growth habit, which can cause problems in identification due to erratic flowering coupled with different biotic agencies and environmental factors. Identification and genetic relationships among accessions of Thamnocalamus falconeri were investigated using morphology and random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPD) technique. Analysis started by using 51 vegetative characters and forty two 10-mer primers that allowed us to distinguish different genotypes hailing from different eco- zones of Garhwal Himalayas (India). The selected primers (12) were used for identification and for establishing a profiling system to estimate genetic diversity. A total of 79.33% polymorphism was estimated by using 12 selected primers. The genetic similar analysis was conducted based on binary digits i.e. presence (1) or absence (0) of bands, which revealed a wide range of variability among the species whereas genetic relatedness was quite high based on vegetative characters. Cluster analysis clearly showed two major clusters for both of the markers viz. morphology and RAPD belonging to 10 accessions of T. falconeri. Two major clusters were further divided into minor clusters. Cluster based on RAPD marker showed grouping of accessions of closed locality whereas analogy was reported for vegetative traits. The RAPD technique has the potential for use in species identification and genetic relationships studies of bamboo for breeding program.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.87 no.2
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• pp.153-163
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• 1998

Genetic relationships of some poplars in the section Leuce, including 5 species and 11 clones of Populus alba${\times}$glandulosa, were investigated on the basis of RAPD marker analysis. Twenty-two of the 88 arbitrary 10-mer primers, showed reproducible amplification in the preliminary experiment with 6 samples, were used for PCR and generated a total of 181 RAPD markers. Genetic relationships among the analyzed samples were tested by two phenetic methods of the UPGMA and the neighbor-joining, which revealed the close genetic relationship between P. glandulosa and P. alba. And the close genetic relationship between P. glandulosa and P. davidiana was ascertained by the principal component analysis. Based on the observation of the close genetic relationship between them, it was deduced that P. glandulosa might be originated by the saltational speciation caused by the hybridization between P. alba and P. davidiana in nature.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.42-46
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• 1998

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern hybridization analyses were carried out to identify clones of silk worm thorn (Cudraria tricuspidata) and Rose of sharon (Hibiscus syriacus) which look like one tree with two ar three, branches or two or three different trees. For PCR five different PCR primers $(17{\sim}24\;nucleotides)$ are derived from CaMV 35S promoter, nopaline synthase terminator and coding region of thylakoid membrane protein gene. In the case of silk worm thorn, about 500 bp of PCR product was produced from DNAs of one tree or branch in the presence of 35S primer alone. Southern hybridization analysis of genomic DNAs hybridized with $^{32}P$ labeled PCR product showed that the same size of DNA fragments were hybridized with different intensities. In addition, PCR analyses using 20 different primers of OPERON 10-mer kits showed that only OPA01 primer produced PCR products of different size. These results indicate that two different trees of silk worm thorn combined to one tree. In the case of the Rose of Sharon, the same size of PCR products were produced from three different samples but Southern hybridization with the above PCR product as a probe did not show any hybridized bands. PCR analyses in the presence of OPERON 10-mers showed OPA04 and OPA13 produced different products including same sizes of products. These, results indicate that three different trees of the Rose of Sharon seem to be derived from the tree.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.112-120
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• 2001

Genetic diversity of 47 East-Asian vegetable soybean was characterized by means of agro-morphological traits and RAPD markers. A field trial was conducted to evaluate 14 agro-morphological traits. To study RAPD-based DNA analysis, a total of sixty 10-mer random primers were screened. Of these, 23 polymorphic markers in 16 varieties used for screening. Among 207 markers amplified, 48 were polymorphic for at least one pairwise comparison within the 47 varieties. A higher differentiation level between varieties was observed by using RAPD markers compared to morphological markers. Correspondence analysis using both types of marker showed that RAPD data could fully discriminate between all varieties, whereas morphological markers could not achieve a complete discrimination. Genetic distances between the varieties were estimated from simple matching coefficients, ranged from 0.0 to 0.640 with an average of 0.295$\pm$0.131 for morphological traits and 0.042 to 0.625 with an average of 0.336$\pm$0.099 for RAPD data, respectively. Cluster analysis based on genetic dissimilarity of these varieties gave rise to 4 distinct groups. The clustering results based on RAPDs did not match with those based on morphological traits. Geographical distribution of most varieties in each of the groups were not well defined. The results suggested that the level of genetic diversity within this group of East-Asian vegetable soybean varieties was sufficient for a breeding program and can be used to establish genetic relationships among them with unknown or unrelated pedigrees.