• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.8-12
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• 2012

An anacardic acid analog (1) was isolated from the fungus Paecilomyces variotii which was derived from the giant jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai. Compound 1 was isolated from a natural source for the first time and was evaluated for antibacterial activity against human and marine pathogens, including MDR (multidrugresistant) strains. Compound 1 exhibited mild antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli DC 2, Streptococcus iniae, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 3089 (MRSA).

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.61-65
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• 2013

A bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract of the fungus Paecilomyces variotii, which was derived from the giant jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai, led to the isolation of antibacterial compounds viriditoxin and its monomeric subunit semi-viriditoxin. Viriditoxin showed significant antibacterial activity against several marine fish and human pathogens including MDR strains. Significant potencies against resistant pathogens such as VRE Enterococcus faecium, VRE Enterococcus faecalis, and MRSA were highly interesting. Viriditoxin also showed notable antibacterial activity against the fish pathogen Streptococcus iniae. Its potency was over 100-fold higher than oxytetracycline which is employed as a general antibiotic for aquaculture.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.82-86
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• 2016

Six compounds were isolated from the secondary metabolites of the jellyfish-derived fungus Aspergillus fumigates, whose structures were identified by chemical methods and spectroscopic analysis as pseurotin F1 (1), azaspirofurans B (2), $(22E,\;24R)-24-methyl-5{\alpha}-cholesta-7,22-diene-3{\beta},5,6{\beta}-triol$ (3), $5{\alpha},8{\alpha}-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3{\beta}-o1$ (4), $cyclo-({\small{L}}-Pro-{\small{L}}-Tyr)$ (5), fumitremorgin C (6). The compounds 1 - 5 were isolated from the fungus Aspergillus fumigates for the first time. The isolated compounds (1 - 6) were evaluated for antibiotic activity and cytotoxicity against six bacterial strains and ten human tumor cell lines, respectively.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.225-228
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• 2018

By activity-guided fractionation, gliotoxin was isolated as an antibacterial metabolite of the fungus Penicillium decumbens which was derived from the jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai. Gliotoxin was further evaluated for antibacterial activity against several piscine and human MDR (multidrug resistance) pathogens. Gliotoxin showed significant antibacterial activity against Gram-positive piscine pathogens such as Streptococcus iniae FP5228, Streptococcus iniae FP3187, Streptococcus parauberis FP3287, Streptococcus parauberis SPOF3K, S. parauberis KSP28, and Lactococcus garvieae FP5245. Gliotoxin showed strong activity especially against S. parauberis SPOF3K and S. iniae FP5228, which are resistant to oxytetracycline. It is noteworthy that gliotoxin effectively suppressed streptococci which are the major pathogens for piscine infection and mortality in aquaculture industry. Gliotoxin also showed strong antibacterial activity against multidrug- resistant human pathogens (MDR) including Enterococcus faecium 5270 and MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) 3089.