• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.99-116
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• 2008

This study reviewed pertinent literature and examined relics of manggon(a headband worn to hold a man's topknot hair in place), donggot(a topknot pin), and chigwan(a topknot cover). Before the modernized short hair style, wearing a gat was an important custom. Therefore, manggon, which was used to hold a man's hair in place under the gat, was considered an essential part of the man's official dress code. Donggot is a pin that held the topknot hair in place. It was a must have for a married man, like the binyeo, a lod-like hairpin, for a married woman. Unlike gwanja, it had nothing to do with official rank, but materials were of a variety of materials, including jade and gold. The structure of the donggot was studied in three parts-head, neck and body. Major forms for the head include the mushroom, bean and ball. Bullet and half-cut bullet forms were also found. Forms for the neck include straight-neck and curved-neck. A neck with a belt around a double chin was also found. Forms for the body include the tetrahedron, octahedron and cylinder. The most popular form for silver and white bronze donggot heads was the mushroom, followed by bean and pile forms. Chigwan is also called chipogwan, chichoal, choalgyesogwan, noingwan and sangtugwan. In poetry it was called chichoal, and it used to be called taegogwan in the past as well. Chigwan was so small that it managed to hold a topknot. According to confucian custom in the Joseon period, by wearing chigwan, men didn't display their bare topknot even when they didn't dress up. When they went out, they wore another official hat over the chigwan.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.91.1-91.1
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• 2014

IGRINS (the Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrometer) is a high resolution wide-band infrared spectrograph developed by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) and the University of Texas at Austin (UT). This spectrograph has H-band and K-band science cameras, both of which use Teledyne's $2.5{\mu}m$ cutoff $2k{\times}2k$ HgCdTe HAWAII-2RG CMOS science grade detectors. Teledyne's cryogenic SIDECAR ASIC boards and JADE2 USB interface cards were installed to control these detectors. We performed lab experiments and test observations to optimize and evaluate the detector systems of science cameras. In this presentation, we describe a process to optimize bias voltages and way to reduce pattern noise with reference pixel subtraction schemes. We also present measurements of the following properties under optimized settings of bias voltages at cryogenic temperature (70K): read noise, Fowler noise, dark current, and reference-level stability, full well depth, linearity and conversion gain.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2007

As the world has been forming the global village and the cultures of each country are exchanged, the unique cultural specialty of each country high been merged with the generality in the world. The increasing interest on the oriental world and the globalization recently brings the fusion form of oriental and occidental cultures. In such a global trend, it is our challenge to find out the traditional beauty and the design factors of Korea for the new challenge and development of Korean fashion and to develop the most Korean and global design by interpreting them in a modem sense. It is the Era of the Three States when an of official hat among the personal ornaments of Korea was firstly described on the literature, including the literature of ancient China and Chronicles of Three States and Heritage of Three States of Korea. Those literatures clarified that the people in Goguryeo Baekje, Silla and Gaya decorated themselves with gold, silver and jade. Furthermore, since various kinds of ornaments have been excavated, they shown the development of metal craft in the Era of Three States. This study aim to exploit the design motives among the gold crown elements among the ornaments during the Era of Three States, interpret them in a modem expression, develop the textile design using the Adobe photoshop and suggest the application approaches by applying them to the clothing design.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.14
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• pp.133-144
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• 1990

The purpose of this study is to investigate the absorbance of the Shikonin, one of the major purple pigments, and the stability against the effect of light, $O_2$, and temperature. The effect of mordant and mordanting condition to color and color-fastness is compared and analysed through the color-fastness-test, color-difference value-test, and IR-test. The results were as follows; 1. The absorbance of Shikonin was examinated through 6 kinds of solutions and distilled water. Shikonin was absorbed by solutions rather easily than distilled water. 2. The light effect to Shikonin indicated that the solution with the light was more stable than that without it. 3. The effect of $O_2$ to Shikonin showed that the solution with the $O_2$ was more stable that without it $O_2$. 4. Shikonin -methyl alcohol solution was stable in $25^{\circ}C$. It was unstable in $60^{\circ}C$ and $100^{\circ}C$ with lowered absorbance and changed colors. 5. Color-fastness test to silk and cotton indicated washing color-fastness and perspiration color-fastness was more than 3 grade. But the light color-fastness and crocking color-fastness was low. 6. The comparison between non -colored sample and colored-sample showed the latter was better in fastness. 7. Mordant as $Alk(SO_4)_2{\cdot}24H_2O$ and $AlCl_3{\cdot}6H_2O$ was better than anything else in fastness. 8. Color-difference value-test indicated that the mordant which had the jade green color, the original purple pigment color, was the best in use. 9. The best way to extract the original purple pigment color was in $25^{\circ}C$, because extracted dyeing solution by Soxhlet had the bluish color.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.41-53
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• 2004

The significant role of colors in fashion design is not enough to emphasize in terms of one of the important design elements and its influences on the behaviors of the people. The purpose of this research is to examine the traditional Chinese colors and its ways of color combinations to appreciate the Chinese culture and its people. The Chinese traditional costume of Ching Dynasty were investigated through historic records, historic nobles, costume accessories and so on. The results of the study were summarized as follows： (1) The Blue was the most favoured color for clothing among men and women during Ching dynasty and various blues in terms of hue, value and intensities were used. (2) The bright Yellow which had been a symbol of Emperor were prohibited being used among people. Though, the late period of Dynasty, the regulation became not to strict and various shades of yellow families were adapted among People. (3) The Red which had been preferred during Ming Dynasty were constantly favoured for the formal wears of auspicious events such as weddings. (4) Dark color groups were loved for the clothing which were used as a ground colors against the flamboyant patterns revealing strong visual effects through value contrast or primary color combinations. (5) The White had a symbol of mourning and there were some intentions to adopt pale color groups such as mint, jade, gray, moon whit,. silver white to make up for white. (6) Contrast color combinations were one of the basic ways of color combination in Chinese traditional costume. Therefore Chinese color combinations has a strong visual effect and easy to draw attention of people by the contrast of the hue, value or intensity of color. (7) Multi-color combinations were another characteristics of Chinese costume in the formal wears which bears many surface designs. The surface decorated with full of motifs, were appreciated by the people expressing their longings and hopes through the auspicious meanings of patterns and striking visual effects of color combinations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.6 s.115
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• pp.87-100
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• 2007

In the Joseon Dynasty, a Court Ladies' full dress was Slanted by the Ming Dynasty. Since the Ming Dynasty had declined, a Court Ladies' full dress, Jeok-ui began to be made by the Joseon Dynasty. It was based on the Chinese Court Ladies' full dress, Desam, but it became Joseon's own style, which was different from the Chinese one. The formula of Jeok-ui was completed in the time of King Yongjo. Since then, Jeok-ui for big ceremonies was called Bub-bok. It was recorded on the Regular rule of Sang-uiwon. The color of Jeok-ui was departmentalized for the wearer; red one for the Queen, bluish black one for the Crown Princess, and purple one for the Queen mother. There were some differences between Jeok-ui for feasts and for big ceremonies. In the case of Jeok-ui for big ceremonies, the pattern of Hyung-bae for the Queen was a dragon with five claws, and for the Crown Princess, a dragon with four claws. On the other hand, in the case of Jeok-ui for feasts, the pattern of Hyung-bae was phoenixes for the Queen, Crown Princess and the Queen mother. The number of embroidered round badges, which were attached to Jeok-ui, was 51 for big ceremonies, and 36 for feasts. The skirt for big ceremonies was a Jeonang-ut-chima with dragons pattern for the Queen, and phoenixes for the Crown Princess. The Queen's skirt for feasts was a Jeonang-ut-chima with phoenixes pattern, and the Queen mother's also. The Crown Princess' was a double skirt with phoenixes pattern. The pearls were not decorated on the shoes for big ceremonies, but shoes for feasts had six big pearls fer decoration. When the royal woman wore Jeok-ui for big ceremonies, it was prepared for Kyu, Pe-ok and belt with jade. But those were not necessary for Jeok-ui for feasts.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.665-670
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• 2000

The present study was undertaken to investigate the morphological characteristics of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the Korean native goat by cresyl violet stain. The SCN was located ventrolateral to the third ventricle and dorsal to the optic chiasm. This nucleus was showed carrot form in longitudinal section. Its size was 1.8 mm in length, 0.9 mm in maximum height and 1.6 mm in maximum width. In coronal sections, the SCN shaped very thin plate in rostral part, but it was changed to sweet-potato form in middle part, and ornamental jade form in caudal part. The size of SCN was larger in caudal part than in rostral part. The size of the neuron of SCN was about $10{\mu}m$ in diameter with round or oval shape. The boundary of SCN was not firmly defined in caudal part because the neurons were dispersed into the hypothalamic region. It is concluded that the SCN of the Korean native goat has a morphological characteristics.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.102-112
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• 1996

The precious serpentine, referring to a rare and highly valuable gem variety of serpentine group minerals, is found to occur in serpentinite from Booyo Gren Jade Mine which is located in Oesan-myun, Booyo-gun of Chungchungnam-do. Geommological properties of the precious serpentine have been investigated by use of polarizing microscope, specific gravity balance, refractometer, hardness pencils, X-ray diffractometer, XRF, ICP-MS analyser, and infrared absorption spectroscope.The precious serpentine from Booyo is colored deep green with oily luster and semi-transparent. It is highly tough and Mohs's scale of hardness is measured to be 5-6. Specific gravity is determined to be 2.67, and a single refractive index ND=1.56 is observed by a spot method, using sodium light source. X-ray powder diffraction data is represented by the reflection lines at 7.40(100), 4.64(25), 3.68(68), 2.757(69), 2.530(49), 2.549(32), and 1.710(21${\AA}$), which compares very well with that of antigorite of serpentine group minerals. The major chemical compositions of the precious serpentine group minerals. The major chemical compositions of the precious serpentine are SiO2 42.49%, MgO 39.08%, Fe2O3 3.85%, and H2O 11.87%. Besides, trace elements such as Cr(2188), Ni(1110ppm), Co(58ppm), and Ta (108ppm) are relatively spectrum shows peaks at 3670, 1190, 1070, 980 and 610cm-1. Strong absorption at 3670cm-1 is due to OH stretching, and 1190, 1070 and 980cm-1 due to SiO stretching. The absorption 610cm-1 is formed by alteration of pre-existing ultramafic rock, namely peridotite, with an introduction of fluid with very little content of CO2, under 400$^{\circ}C$ environment. Magnetite inclusions, finely disseminated in the precious serpentine, may be a result of Fe precipitation, during serpentinization of olivine-bearing country rock.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.457-466
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to research the similarity and difference of color application in culture of Korea and China. The subject of this research is the costume color of Changgeuk and Beijing opera. First, a bibliographical inquiry includes the attributes of cultural color in Korea and China and the costume attributes of Changgeuk and Beijing opera. Second, this survey analyzes Munsell's 3 attributes(Hue, Value, Chroma), tone by extracted color data. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The cultural color factors of Korea and China are classified geographical factor, internal cultural factor and external cultural factor. 2. Changgeuk costume much more used high value and medium & low chroma for korean temperate climate. But Beijing opera costume prefers high-medium value and low chroma color, various ranges of color because of China huge land and various climates, as geographical factor. 3. Changgeuk costume much more used YR color(no-dyeing color) because of korean white robe preference. Beijing opera costume much more used R color than Changgeuk costume because of traditional preference of R color, as infernal cultural factor. 4. Changgeuk costume and Beijing opera costume show the practical use of ascetic cole. like as jade green. Ojungsaek much less used than Obangsaek by the theory of exponents of the five elements doctrine, as external cultural factor.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.274-280
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• 2019

Objectives : This preliminary study investigated the effect of acupuncture treatment on short-term ketogenic diet-induced weight loss and glucose intolerance in mice. Methods : Six-week old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to 3 groups: normal, KD, and KD+ACU. All the mice except normal group were fed with ketogenic diet formula for 7 weeks and mice in KD+ACU group received acupuncture treatment three times a week. Body weights were measured three times a week, and glucose level was measured on week 1,3,5, and 7. Ketone level was measured on week 3,5, and 7. Results : Ketogenic diet showed short-term weight loss effect, however, acupuncture treatment did not affect on the weight loss. Ketone level was increased in KD fed mice compared to normal diet fed mice and the level was decreased in KD+ACU group on week 3. However, the change was not significantly different compared to KD group on week 7. Glucose intolerance was improved in KD+ACU group compared to KD group. Conclusions : Acupuncture treatment was effective in relieving glucose intolerance, and the results suggest that combining acupuncture treatment with ketogenic diet may complement each therapeutic intervention by improving glucose intolerance but not effecting on weight loss. This study provides meaningful evidence as a preliminary study of acupuncture treatment on ketogenic diet.