• 한국작물학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.274-282
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• 1992

Annual forage crops have been increasingly important for conpensating insufficient forage production of perennial pastures took place for short interval. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of sward composition and NㆍP fertilization on forage production and intercompetition of subterranean clover-Italian ryegrass and berseem clover-Italian ryegrass. The two clovers were grown in the field at the clover/ryegrass ratios of 0/100, 25/75, 50/50, 75/25 and 100/0 where no, N (200 kg /ha), P (50 kg /ha) or NㆍP fertilization was done. Each crop was separated after harvest and drying. Relative Crowding Coefficient (RCC), aggressivity and Relative Yield Total (RYT) were analyzed on the basis of the harvested dry matter of each crop. Berseem clover-ryegrass mixtures produced greater yield than subclover-ryegrass mixtures as a result of higher yields of the two component species. In the former forage yield was increased with increased rate of clover up to 75%, while in the latter the highest yields were obtained at more than 50% of the clover. In the mixtures N stimulated the growth of ryegrass, whereas P did only that of subclover. The two clovers produced more forage than the companion grass under no and only P fertilization although the reverse result was true under N or NㆍP fertilization, but the annual forage yield was decreased in the order of N and P, N, P, and no fertilization. The mixture yields were overyielded compared to the Expected Yield. Although generally RCCs and RYTs of subclover were higher than those of berseem clover in the mixtures differing the composition rate or under no and only P fertilization, those of the former clover were lower under N or NㆍP fertilization. In the clover-ryegrass mixtures, ryegrass acted as an aggressor and became more aggressive under P fertilization.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 1983

본(本) 시험(試驗)은 혼파초지(混播草地)에 있어서 Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum)의 파종비율(播種比率)과 예취빈도(刈取瀕度)가 첫번째 수확년도(收穫年度)의 목초(牧草) 총(總) 건물생산량(乾物生産量) 식생(植生) 구성비율(構成比率)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)하기 위(爲)하여 수행(遂行)되었다. Italian ryegrass의 파종량(播種量)을 10a 당(當) 0.3kg 및 1.0kg으로 하여 주구(主區)로 하였고 예취빈도(刈取頻度)를 년간(年間) 3, 4 및 5회(回)로 하여 세구(細區)로 한 분할구배치(分割區配置) 3반복(反復)으로 시험(試驗) 설계(設計)를 하였으며 1981년(年) 9월(月)부터 1982년(年) 8월(月)까지 12개월간(個月間) 시험(試驗)을 수행(遂行)하였던 결과 얻어진 성적을 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 혼파초지(混播草地)에 Italian ryegrass를 10a당(當) 0.3kg과 1.0kg을 조합(組合)했을때 수확(收穫) 첫 년도(年度)의 목초(牧草)의 총건물수량(總乾物收量) 0.3kg을 조합(組合)했을 때가 약간 높았으나 처리간(處理間)의 유의성(有意性)은 없었다. 2. 전(全) 시험기간(試驗期間)을 통(通)하여 목초(牧草)의 총(總) 건물수량(乾物收量)은 예취빈도(刈取頻度)를 자주 할수록 증가(增加) 되었으나 통계적(統計的) 유의성(有意性)은 없었다. 3. 잡초(雜草)의 발생(發生)은 Italian ryegrass를 10a 당(當) 1.0kg 파종(播種) 하였을때 현저히 감소 하였으며 초지조성시(草地造成時) 잡초발생(雜草發生) 억제에 Italian ryegrass의 파종(播種)이 유효하다고 사료(思料)된다. 4. Italian ryegrass의 총건물량(總乾物量)은 Italian ryegrass를 10a당(當) 1.0kg으로 파종(播種)하였을때 유의적(有意的)으로 높았고 orchardgrass와 ladino clover의 건물수량(乾物收量)은 다소(多少)낮았다. 5. 시험초기(試驗初期)에는 orchardgrass와 ladino clover의 식생구성비율(植生構成比率)이 Italian ryegrass의 파종량(播種量)이 높은 처리구(處理區)에서 감소(減少) 하였으나 시험(試驗) 종료시(終了時)에는 Italian ryegrass가 식생구성(植生構成) 비율(比率)에 큰 영향을 미치지 못하였다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.157-162
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• 2001

"Hwasan 102" is a new cold-tolerant Italian ryegrass(Lo1ium rnultiflorum L.) variety developed by theNational Livestock Research Institute(NLRI) in 1999. Having cold tolerance in Italian ryegrass is an importantfor enlargement of cultivation area and increase of productivity in Korea. To develop the cold-tolerant varietyof Italian ryegrass, cold-tolerant clones survived under - 13- - 14$^{\circ}$C of minimum average air temperature(MAAT) in January were selected at Dun Nae, Kwangwon Province in 1993. Five of selected clones werepolycrossed for seed production by NLRI, RDA, in 1995."Hwasan 102" was tetraploid variety, dark green in leaf color and broad in flag leaf width. Also it hassemi-prostrate and medium growth habit in late autumn and in early spring, respectively. "Hwasan 102" withlow plant height at harvesting time was excellent in lodging tolerance. First heading date of "Hwasan 102"was 19th May, it was similar to that of Marshall. Expecially, "Hwasan 102" survived about 60% under - 10- - 12$^{\circ}$C of MAAT in January, so it could be cold-tolerant variety that can be safely cultivated in regionshigher than -9'C of MAAT in January. Compared with Marshall, "Hwasan 102" showed 8% higher freshyield (59.2MT per ha) but it showed 2% lower dry matter yield (9.6MT per ha). Higher IVDMD and TDNand lower ADF and NDF were observed in "Hwasan 102" than those of Florida 80 and Marshall in Foragequality.(Key words : Italian ryegrass, Cold tolerance, New variety "Hwasan 102")rshall in Foragequality.(Key words : Italian ryegrass, Cold tolerance, New variety "Hwasan 102")san 102&")ot;)

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.181-190
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of swine liquid manure(SLM) and phosphorus fertilizer from September, 1998 to July, 1999 on the soil fertility on Italian ryegrass field, Cheju volcanic ash soil. pH(lst investigated), Mg (2nd investigated) and Cu content (2nd investigated) on soil grown by Italian ryegrass were significantly increased by an increase of fertilizer P(P

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.20-25
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• 1988

This experiment was conducted to find out the effects of the different cutting height on the chemical composition, energy production and relation of yields of Italian ryegrass, tall fescue and perennial ryegrass swards. It was carried out on the experimental field of Livestock Experiment Station, in Suweon, from Sept. 1986 to May 1987. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Chemical composition and Van Soest fiber contents were slightly different among grasses. But were not same trend with cutting heights. At the late vegetative stage, crude protein and crude fiber content were much more in tall fescue, Ash in perennial ryegrass, E.E. and NFE in Italian ryegrass respectively. NDF, ADF, Hemicellulose, Lignin, Cellulose and Silica contents were much more in tall fescue than the others. 2. DM, DCP, TDN, StE, ME and NEL productions were appeared to high in line with Italian ryegrass, perennial ryegrass and tall fescue. In addition 6 cm cutting height was the most production in Italian ryegrass, 15 cm cutting height was the most production in perennial ryegrass and tall fescue. 3. The much more content of crude protein, the less nonstructural carbohydrate content. The less content of NDF, the much more nonstructural carbohydrate content. Green and dry matter yield before wintering were not influence the green and dry matter yield of the late vegetative stage, but green yield before wintering influenced total green yield.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.103-113
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• 2014

우리나라에서의 사료작물 생산면적이 제한적이기 때문에 미래의 기후조건에서 최적 재배 가능 지역을 중심으로 이탈리안 라이그라스와 같은 사료작물의 생산체계를 설계하는 것이 필요하다. 특히, 한반도를 대상으로 이탈리안 라이그라스의 재배 가능지역을 파악하는 것이 미래를 대비한 정책 결정에 도움을 줄 수 있다. 이번 연구에서는 기후자료를 기반으로 작물의 재배적합도를 예측하는 EcoCrop 모델을 사용하여 현재(1950~2000), 2020년대(2010~2039), 2050년대(2040~2069), 2080년대(2070~2099)의 이탈리안 라이그라스의 재배 가능지역을 분석하였다. 또한, 전구 기후모델인 CCCMA, CSIRO, UKMO-HadCM3, UKMO-HadGEM1, 그리고 NCAR 모델 등으로부터 얻어진 규모축소 기후자료를 활용한 앙상블 예측기법을 재배적합도 예측에 적용하여 미래 기후변화 조건에서의 불확실도를 낮추는 것을 시도하였다. 2050년대까지 이탈리안 라이그라스의 재배적합도는 남한과 북한 모두 크게 상승할 것으로 예측되었다. 예를 들어, 현재 기후조건에서 충청북도와 강원도에서 평균적인 재배적합도가 76.75와 44.77으로 낮게 예측되었지만 2020년대에 각각 16.2% 및 46.1% 증가하여 2080년대에는 모든 행정구역에서 평균적인 재배적합도가 90이상으로 나타날 것으로 예측되었다. 반면, 2080년대에 16개의 시 도 중 11개의 지역에서 재배적합도가 감소할 것으로 예측되었다. 북한의 경우 현재 기후조건에서 평균적인 재배적합도는 28.40으로 평균적인 재배적합도가 낮았다. 그러나 기후변화가 진행되면서 재배적합도가 크게 증가하여 2080년대에는 14개 행정구역 중 10곳에서 평균적인 재배적합도가 80 이상일 것으로 예측되었다. 특히 나선, 신의주 및 개성 인근 지역의 재배적합도가 크게 증가할 것으로 예측되어 이를 중심으로 수출을 위한 사료 생산단지 및 축산단지 조성이 가능할 것으로 예상되었다. 현재, 내한성 향상을 중심으로 이탈리안 라이그라스의 새로운 품종들이 개발 및 보급되고 있어 이러한 신품종을 대상으로 한 이모작 가능지를 구분하기 위해 품종별로 최적화된 모수를 활용한 재배적합도 예측지도를 작성연구가 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료되었다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 1998

Eleven Italian ryegrass cultivars were examined for their genetic polymorphisms and phylogenetic relationships using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. In RAPD analysis of 34 random primers, 96 of total 162 bands obtained from 16 primers were polymorphic and sizes of polymorphic band ranged between 0.5 and 1.5kb. Number of bands amplified per primer was varied from 3 to 16 and average number was 14.8. Phylogenetic relationship among cultivars based on the RAPD analysis was examined using UPGMA computer program. In pairwise genetic similarity test of 11 Italian ryegrass cultivars, Grazer and Orlando showed highest coefficient of genetic similarity as 0.740, whereas Marshall and Orlando was lowest as 0.438. Eleven Italian ryegrass cultivars were grouped into 3 major clusters and genetic distance of clusters ranged between 0.567 and 0.646, indicating low level of genetic variation.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.121-128
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• 1990

Germination of Italian ryegrass and sorghum were measured at a range of temperatures and with PEG treatment at several different levels of concentration and treatment period to evaluate the effects of osmoconditioning with polyethylene glycol(PEG-8000). The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Cumulative germination percentage of intact Italian ryegrass seeds did not show much difference among temperatures, while that of sorghum seeds decreased markedly at low temperature. 2. Italian ryegrass seeds osmoconditioned with 20% PEG solution for two days at 10^{\circ}C.$ accelerated germination at 10^{\circ}C.$, with injurious effect of osmoconditioning at higher temperature for many days. 3. Osmoconditioning with 20% PEG solution for two or four days at 10^{\circ}C.$ increased germination of sorghum seeds, while the seeds treated at higher temperatures for long period suppressed germination.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.336-337
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• 1989

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.636-641
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• 2011

본 연구는 4종의 녹비 작물, hairy vetch, Italian ryegrass, crimson clover, orchard grass 등을 도입하여 연작장해를 일으키는 토마토 시설재배지의 토양개량에 미치는 효과를 구명하였다. 각각의 녹비 작물을 시용한 후, 후 작물로서 토마토를 정식하여 토양의 물리화학성 및 토마토 건물 중 등을 조사하여 녹비작물 재배의 효과 조사하였다. 그 결과 녹비작물 시용에 따라 토양 경도가 감소되었다. Orchard grass와 Italian ryegrass는 토양습도를 증가시키는 요인으로 토양 메트릭스에서 더 많이 무효화 시킬 수 있었다. 녹비작물 시용 2개월 후, Italian ryegrass와 orchard grass 처리구에서 토양 건조 밀도가 감소를 보였으나, 대조구와 녹비구간 통계적 유의성이 인정되지 않았다. 녹비작물로서 Italian ryegrass와 hairy vetch의 시용이 토마토 생육에 영향을 주어 건물중의 증가 및 양호한 생육을 보였다. 또한 orchard grass는 상대적으로 적은 바이오메스인데도 불구하고, 토양 개량에 효과적이었다.