• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.269-282
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• 2023

This study investigates a rocking seismic isolation (RSI) system as a seismic protection measure against narrow-band ground-motions generated by earthquakes. Structures supported over RSIs are considered capable of reducing the lateral demands and damage of the main structural system through lifting and rocking. This lifting and rocking during earthquake activity is provided by free-standing columns. A single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system supported on a RSI system is subjected to narrow-band seismic motions and its response is compared to an analog system without RSI. The comparison is then extended to reinforced concrete linear frames with and without RSI; three-bay frames with 11 and 17 storeys are considered. It is found that the RSI systems significantly reduce acceleration and displacement demands in the main structural frames, more noticeably if the first structural mode dominates the response and for ratios of the predominant frequency of the ground motion to the predominant frequency of the main frame near one. It is also found that the RSI system is more effective in reducing lateral accelerations and displacements of the main structure when the aspect ratio, b/h, and size, R, of the free-standing columns decrease, although the rocking stability of the RSI system is also reduced.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.91-108
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• 2017

Superstructures and isolation systems of seismically isolated buildings located close to active faults may observe increased seismic demands resulting from long-period and high-amplitude velocity and displacement pulses existent in near-fault ground motions as their fundamental periods may be close to or coincident with these near-fault pulse periods. In order to take these effects into account, the 1997 Uniform Building Code (UBC97) has specified near-source factors that scale up the design spectrum depending on the closest distance to the fault, the soil type at the site, and the properties of the seismic source. Although UBC97 has been superseded by the 2015 International Building Code in the U.S.A., UBC97 near-source factors are still frequently referred in the design of seismically isolated buildings around the world. Therefore it is deemed necessary and thus set as the aim of this study to assess the necessity and the adequacy of near-source factors for seismically isolated buildings. Benchmark buildings of different heights with isolation systems of different properties are used in comparing seismic responses obtained via time history analyses using a large number of historical earthquakes with those obtained from spectral analyses using the amplified spectrums established through UBC97 near-source factors. Results show that near-source factors are necessary but inadequate for superstructure responses and somewhat unconservative for base displacement response.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.42-50
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose an FDI(fault detection and isolation) method using neural network-based multi-fault models to detect and isolate faults in nonlinear systems. When a change in the system occurs, the errors between the system output and the neural network nominal system output cross a threshold, and once a fault in the system is detected, the fault classifier statistically isolates the fault by using the error between each neural network-based fault model output and the system output. From the computer simulation results, it is verified that the proposed fault diagonal method can be performed successfully to detect and isolate faults in a nonlinear system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.440-446
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• 2010

This paper was investigated on the laminated rubber bearing, which mitigates damages of bridges from threat of earthquakes. Laminated rubber bearing can bear large loads for long periods of time and be capable of large deformations during an earthquake. To evaluate seismic isolation with laminated rubber bearing on several earthquake waves, we performed a shaking table test. In this test, deck acceleration was measured by accelerometers and shear force on piers was surveyed by load cells. Furthermore, seismic capacity of isolated systems with laminated rubber bearing was compared with non-isolated systems through shaking table test. The results show that deck acceleration and shear force were relatively reduced by laminated rubber bearing.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.2 no.2 s.3
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• pp.97-101
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• 2003

A MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuit) mixer chip using the Schottky diode of an InGahs/CaAs p-HEMT process has been developed for the receiver down converter of Ku-band. A different approach to the MMIC mixer structure is applied for reducing the chip size by the exchange of ports between If and LO. This MMIC covers with RF (14.0 - 14.5 GHz) and If (12.252 - 12.752 GHz). According to the on-wafer measurement, the miniature (3.3X3.0 m) MMIC mixer demonstrates conversion loss below 9.8 dB, RF-to-IF isolation above 23 dB, LO-to-IF isolation above 38 dB, respectively.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.43-49
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• 2008

In this paper, new directional couplers for T/R switch of UHF RFID applications are proposed to overcome TX-to-RX leakage problem. The proposed method can remove TX-to-RX leakage caused by both imperfect isolation characteristic of the conventional directional coupler and the mismatch of antenna impedance. Two directional couplers are implemented using distributed elements and lumped elements respectively for the verification. The varactor tuneable circuits for compensation of the antenna mismatch is also proposed. The measurement result shows excellent TX-to-RX leakage suppression, more than 45dB in 910MHz.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.1451-1465
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• 2016

The effectiveness of base isolation (BI) systems for mitigation of seismic vibration of bridges have been extensively studied in the past. It is well established in those studies that the performance of BI system is largely dependent on the characteristics of isolator yield strength. For optimum design of such systems, normally a standard nonlinear optimization problem is formulated to minimize the maximum response of the structure, referred as Stochastic Structural Optimization (SSO). The SSO of BI system is usually performed with reference to a problem of unconstrained optimization without imposing any restriction on the maximum isolator displacement. In this regard it is important to note that the isolator displacement should not be arbitrarily large to fulfil the serviceability requirements and to avoid the possibility of pounding to the adjacent units. The present study is intended to incorporate the effect of excessive isolator displacement in optimizing BI system to control seismic vibration effect of bridges. In doing so, the necessary stochastic response of the isolated bridge needs to be optimized is obtained in the framework of statistical linearization of the related nonlinear random vibration problem. A simply supported bridge is taken up to elucidate the effect of constraint condition on optimum design and overall performance of the isolated bridge compared to that of obtained by the conventional unconstrained optimization approach.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.50-56
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• 2014

This paper describes the design, fabrication, and measurement of a 4-port femtocell MIMO antenna for LTE 700MHz(Band12, 13, 14, 17, 28, 44) applications. Based on microstrip patch antenna, an impedance matching is achieved by short pin. In order to obtain sufficient bandwidth and isolation between antenna elements in a limited dimension, a cross decoupler is used. With a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)${\leq}2$, the measured result of the fabricated antenna provides 105MHz(0.698~0.803MHZ) bandwidth and shows the gain with 1.97dBi and isolation above 13dB. As one of the key parameters for MIMO performance evaluation, correlation coefficient of MIMO is achieved within 0.2.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.135-143
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• 2022

In this paper, the compact waveguide slot array antenna for interferometric radar altimeter is proposed. The proposed antenna structure consist of corrugation structure which is applied between each channel to improve isolation, three-channel waveguide slot array antenna and feeder. In addition, to reduce the occurrence of phase ambiguity, the baseline spacing of the three-channel antenna is analyzed and the results are applied to the design. For compact design, reduced height and SMP connector structure are used and the dip brazing method which is the conjugation method after dipping to flux is used for the fabrication of the lightweight antenna. The measurement result of the proposed antenna shows less than 1.41 : 1 (VSWR) and 48.3 dBc (isolation). The antenna gain is higher than 20.2 dBi and the side lobe levels are lower than 18.8 dB (vertical plane) and 10.0 dB (horizontal plane).

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.103-111
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• 2024

A spaceborne cryogenic cooler is known to undesirable microvibration disturbances during its on-orbit operation, which is one of the main sources that degrades the image quality of an observation satellite with a high resolution. Several types of vibration isolation systems based on passive approaches have been developed for reducing such microvibration of a linear cooler. A dual coil-spring-type passive isolator was developed. To verify its performance and structural characteristics, transmissibility measurement and modal survey were performed with properly designed dummy instead of a cooler. Results were then used as pass/fail criteria before/after each test. To verify structural and thermal stability of the dual coil-spring-type passive isolator for launch and on-orbit environment, vibration (random and sinusoidal) test, shock test, and thermal cycle test were performed successfully.