• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.587-593
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• 2011

As a result of increasing environmental concerns related to air quality and maintenance of automobiles, the alkylation of isobutane with olefins has become an even more important process for production of high quality gasoline. However, the widespread use of the alkylation process is limited by the polluting and corrosive liquid acid catalysts (HF and $H_2SO_4$) currently used in industry. For the reason, a large number of solid catalysts, especially zeolites, have been studied as an environmental friendly catalyst in this process. Recently, mesoporous solid acids and ionic liquids have been investigated as a green catalyst. In this review, the research of environmental friendly catalysts for an isobutane alkylation is summarized.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.347-350
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• 2015

In this study, ionic liquids have been employed as a green catalyst in the alkylation of isobutane with 2-butene. One of acid ionic liquids, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium-bromide-aluminum chloride, was used in the reaction. Effects of the liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV), reaction temperature and composition of ionic liquids on the reaction performance were investigated in order to optimize reaction conditions. Under identical reaction conditions, the optimum reaction temperature was $80^{\circ}C$ and the ionic liquid with the anion composition of 0.56 showed an excellent reaction activity. Moreover, a correlation model was developed with a statistical approach to predict the product yields.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.211-219
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• 1997

Liquid or gas phase alkylation of isobutane with 1-butene for i-octane production was carried out over Cs- or $NH_4$-exchanged $H_3PW_{12}O_{40}$. Pretreatment temperature of the catalyst played an important role on the catalytic activity of heteropoly acids in the liquid phase alkylation. Cation-exchanged $H_3PW_{12}O_{40}$ showed a better total yield and i-octane selectivity than the mother acid in the liquid phase alkylation, and $(NH_4)_{2.5}H_{0.5}PW_{12}O_{40}$ was more efficient than $Cs_{2.5}H_{0.5}PW_{12}O_{40}$ in terms of i-octane selectivity. It was found that the acidic property (deactivation of acid sites) of the catalyst was closely related to the catalytic activity of Cs- or $NH_4$-exchanged $H_3PW_{12}O_{40}$ in the gas phase alkylation. $C_5-C_7$ were mainly formed in the early stage of gas phase alkylation due to the strong acidic property of the catalyst, whereas $C_8$ and $+C_9$ were mainly produced as the reaction proceeded due to the deactivation of acid sites. $Cs_{2.5}H_{0.5}PW_{12}O_{40}$ showed the highest total yield in the gas phase alkylation among the catalysts examined.