• Animal cells and systems
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.297-304
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• 2009

A complete mRNA sequence of transferrin from the wax moth, Galleria mellonella, was obtained, and compared with those of other species. We previously reported that the sequence was most similar to those of Manduca sexta and Bombyx mori. As in other moths, G. mellonella transferrin had only one iron-binding site at its N-terminal region. Semi-qRT PCR was conducted to investigate tissue-specific distribution and transcriptional regulation of the wax moth transferrin mRNA. Larval muscle and fat body contained larger quantity of mRNA than other tested tissues. In this study, it was observed that iron and cadmium regulated transferrin transcription, and this regulation pattern was tissue specific. Iron up-regulated transferrin mRNA level in fat body, while suppressed it in the Malpighian tubules and silk glands. Cadmium decreased the mRNA level in fat body, muscle, and Malpighian tubules, but significantly increased the mRNA level in silk glands. In addition, the mRNA expression was induced by all tested pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) including LPS, lipoteichoic acid (LTA), glucan, and even chitin.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2020

Fenton process is one of the most effective advanced oxidation processes for the removal of pollutants from wastewater. In this study, while ferrous iron was used in conventional Fenton process (CFP); nano-sized iron(II, III) oxide was experienced in modified Fenton process (MFP) as a new catalyst alternative. In order to enhance their oxidation efficiencies, both CFP and MFP were combined with ultrasonication at 53 kHz fixed frequency. Thus, the influences of both catalyst iron species and ultrasonication on color and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removals from synthetic textile wastewater including Maxilon Red GRL 200% dyestuff were investigated experimentally. While the COD and color removal rates were found as 72.5% and 69.7% via CFP; they were 87% and 75.8% by ultrasonicated CFP, respectively. The color and COD removals were 40.6% and 64.8% via MFP, and 49.9 and 73.1% by ultrasonicated MFP, respectively. Therefore, it was found that the simultaneously usage of ultrasonication with CFP and MFP was improved the COD and color removal efficiencies and oxidation rates even at lower H₂O₂ dosages, compared to individual CFP and MFP. Moreover, the color and COD removal kinetics were also modelled mathematically and compared in the study.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.3077-3083
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• 2010

The electrochemical detection of As(III) was investigated on a platinum-iron(III) nanoparticles modified multiwalled carbon nanotube on glassy carbon electrode(nanoPt-Fe(III)/MWCNT/GCE) in 0.1 M $H_2SO_4$. The nanoPt-Fe(III)/MWCNT/GCE was prepared via continuous potential cycling in the range from -0.8 to 0.7 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), in 0.1 M KCl solution containing 0.9 mM $K_2PtCl_6$ and 0.6 mM $FeCl_3$. The Pt nanoparticles and iron oxide were co-electrodeposited into the MWCNT-Nafion composite film on GCE. The resulting electrode was examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). For the detection of As(III), the nanoPt-Fe(III)/MWCNT/GCE showed low detection limit of 10 nM (0.75 ppb) and high sensitivity of $4.76\;{\mu}A{\mu}M^{-1}$, while the World Health Organization's guideline value of arsenic for drinking water is 10 ppb. It is worth to note that the electrode presents no interference from copper ion, which is the most serious interfering species in arsenic detection.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2015

Objectives : Rosa laevigata Michx. has been used for the treatment of renal disease in traditional Korean medicine. In this study, we investigated cytoprotective effect of R. laevigata water extract (RLE) against oxidative stress induced by arachidonic acid (AA) + iron.Methods : To evaluate the protective effects of RLE against AA + iron-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cell, cell viability and changes on apoptosis-related proteins were assessed by MTT and immunoblot analyses. The effects of RLE on reduced glutathione level, production of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential were also monitored. Furthermore, to verify underlying molecular mechanism, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was examined by immunoblot analysis. Additionally, Nrf2 transactivation and its downstream target genes expression were also determined by reporter gene and realtime RT-PCR analyses.Results : RLE pretreatment (30-300 μg/ml) prevented cells from AA + iron-mediated cell death in a concentration dependent manner. In addition, 100 μg/ml RLE inhibited AA + iron-induced glutathione depletion, reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial dysfunction. RLE accumulated nuclear Nrf2 and also transactivated Nrf2, which was evidenced by antioxidant response element- and glutathione S-transferase A2-driven luciferase activities and mRNA level of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and sestrin 2. Moreover, protective effect of RLE against AA + iron was abolished in Nrf2 knockout cells.Conclusions : These results indicate that RLE has the ability to protect hepatocyte against oxidative stress through Nrf2 activation.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 침출수 차수재에 Zero Valent Iron (ZVI)를 포함 시켰을 경우, ZVI 함량과 pH에 따른 TCE, 6가 크롬, 질산성질소의 제거능의 변화를 살피고, 반응이 끝난 후 철과 벤토나이트 표면의 철 산화물을 라만 분광기를 통해서 알아보고자 하였다. ZVI의 함량을 중량비로 벤토나이트의 0, 3, 6, 10, 13, 16, 20, 30, 100 w/w% 로 맞춘 9가지의 샘플을 pH7의 완충 용액을 사용했을 경우와 완충 용액을 사용하지 않을 경우 두 가지로 나누어서 실험하였다. Kinetic test 결과, pH7의 완충 용액을 사용하였을 때가 사용하였지 않았을 때보다 TCE의 경우 330시간에서 300시간으로, 6가 크롬의 경우 20시간에서 4시간으로, 질산성질소는 140시간에서 5시간으로 제거 속도가 빨라졌다. 모든 오염물질의 경우 ZVI 함량이 증가할수록 제거 효율이 높아졌으며, pH 7의 완충 용액을 사용하였을 경우 제거 효율도 더 높아지는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 반응 후 철과 벤토나이트의 표면을 라만 분광기를 이용하여 분석한 결과 여러 가지 철산화물이 확인되었다. 이러한 철산화물은 좋은 흡착제의 역할을 할 수 있으며, 이 중 magnetite는 장기간 동안 오염물질의 제거 성능을 유지시켜 줄 수 있다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.764-770
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• 2013

Stevia rebaudiana is a traditional herb used as a sweetener in Brazil and Paraguay as well as Korea and China. This study investigated the efficacy of Stevia rebaudiana methanol extract (SRE) to protect cells against the mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in hepatocyte. To determine the effects of SRE on oxidative stress, we used the human derived hepatocyte cell line, HepG2 cell. Treatment of arachidonic acid (AA)+iron in HepG2 cells synergistically amplified cytotoxicity, as indicated by the excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial permeability transition by fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) and immunoblot analysis. Treatment with SRE protected hepatocytes from AA+iron-induced cellular toxicity, as shown by alterations in the protein levels related with cell viability such as procaspase-3. SRE also prevented the mitochondrial dysfunction induced by AA+iron, and showed anti-oxidant effects as inhibition of $H_2O_2$ production and GSH depletion. Moreover, we measured the effects of SRE on AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key regulator in determining cell survival or death. Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACC), a direct downstream target of AMPK. SRE increased phosphorylation of ACC, and prevented the inhibition of ACC phosphorylation by AA+iron. These results indicated that SRE has the ability to protect cells against AA+iron-induced $H_2O_2$ production and mitochondrial impairment, which may be mediated with AMPK-ACC pathway.

• 분석과학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.200-207
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• 2000

구상흑연 주철과 고압처리된 Ni-C 합금에서 SEM, HRTEM, EELS 등을 이용하여 구상흑연 입자의 성장 기구를 연구하였다. 두 시료로부터 추출된 각각의 구상흑연입자의 내부 미세조직 및 격자상이 서로 비교되었으며 EELS를 이용하여 각 구상흑연 입자 내부에서 흑연결합을 하는 $sp^2$와 다이아몬드 결합을 하는 $sp^3$의 비가 측정되었다. 구상흑연 주철에서의 구상흑연 입자는 뚜렷한 결정립계면 및 조대한 결함을 갖고 있었다. 반면에 고압처리된 Ni-C 합금 내부에 생성된 구상흑연 입자는 구상흑연 주철의 것에 비해 미세조직 내부의 결함이 현저히 적었으며 안정한 다이아몬드 결합을 하는 $sp^3$ 결합을 다량 함유하고 있었다. 본 실험에서의 구상흑연 입자 내부의 미세조직 및 결합 특성상의 차이는 고압처리된 Ni-C 합금에서의 구상흑연 입자가 구상흑연 주철에서의 구상흑연 입자와는 다른 기구에 의하여 성장하였다는 것을 보여주는 증거이다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.96-101
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• 2023

Particulate matter is an air pollutant composed of various components, and has adverse effects on the human body. Particulate matter is known to induce cell death by generating an imbalance in the antioxidant system; however, the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. In the present study, we demonstrated the cytotoxic effects of the size and composition of particulate matter on small intestine cells. We found that particulate matter 2.5 (PM_2.5) with extraction ion (EI) components (PM_2.5 EI), is more cytotoxic than PM containing only polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Additionally, PM-induced cell death is characteristic of ferroptosis, and includes iron accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Furthermore, ferroptosis inhibitor as liproxstatin-1 and iron-chelator as deferiprone attenuated cell mortality, lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation, and ROS production after PM_2.5 EI treatment in human small intestinal cells. These results suggest that PM_2.5 EI may increase ferroptotic-cell death by iron accumulation and ROS generation, and offer a potential therapeutic clue for inflammatory bowel diseases in human small intestinal cells.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 1999년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.81-84
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• 1999

The aqueous geochemical characteristics of Cr(III) and Cr(Ⅵ) in environmental systems are very different from one another: Cr(Ⅵ) is highly soluble, mobile and toxic relative to Cr(III) Reduction of Cr(Ⅵ) to Cr(III) are beneficial in aquatic systems because of the transformation of a highly mobile and toxic species to one having a low solubility in water, thus simultaneously decreasing chromium mobility and toxicity. Fe(II) species are excellent reductants for transforming Cr(Ⅵ) to Cr(III), and in addition, keeping Cr(III) concentrations below the drinking water standard of 52 ppb at pH values between 5 and 11. Investigations of the effects of NOM on Cr(Ⅵ) reduction are for examining the feasibility of using ferrous iron to reduce hexavalent chromium in subsurface environments. Experiments in the presence of soils, however, showed that the solid phase consumes some of the reducing capacity of Fe(II) and makes the overall reduction kinetics slower. The soil components bring about consumption of the ferrous iron reductant. Particular attention is devoted to the complexation of Fe(II) by NOM and the subsequent effect on Cr(Ⅵ) reduction. Cr(Ⅵ) reduction rate by Fe(II) was affected by the presence of NOM (humic acid), The effects of humic acid was different from the solution pH values and the concentration of humic acid. It was probably due to the reactions between humic acid and Cr(Ⅵ), humic acid and Fe(II), and between Cr(Ⅵ) and Fe(II), at each pH.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2023

In the fabrication of magnetic adsorbent by incorporating iron species on base materials with layered structure, there can be a potential loss of adsorption capacity from the penetration of dissolved iron species into the structure. This work newly synthesized a magnetic adsorbent by incorporating nano magnetite and glucose into layered metal sulfide via hydrothermal treatment, and tested the removal efficiencies of cesium ions (Cs⁺) by the adsorbents fabricated under different conditions (final temperature and glucose mass ratio). As a result, the optimal fabrication condition was found to be mass ratio of 1 (layered metal sulfide): 0.1 (nano magnetite): 0.4 (glucose) and final temperature of 160℃. As-prepared adsorbent possessed good adsorption ability of Cs⁺ (54.8 mg/g) without a significant loss of adsorption capacity from attaching glucose and nano magnetite onto the surface.