• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.817-828
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• 2021

연구목적: 본 논문은 사회재난 및 안전사고 발생에 따른 재난 유형별 조사 분석 정보에 대한 공통 데이터 도출과 머신 러닝 기반 사고 예측을 지원하는 특성화 데이터를 통합한 사회재난 및 안전사고 데이터 셋 구조를 도출하는 연구에 초점을 맞추었다. 연구방법: 기존 조사 분석 보고서의 사고 분류, 원인, 피해 등을 표시할 수 있는 데이터를 중심으로 머신 러닝에 활용할 수 있는 특성화 데이터 도출과 이에 대한 XML 기반의 표준 체계를 도출한다. 연구결과: XML 기반의 표준 스키마 도출과 사례 제시를 하였다. 결론: 본 논문에서 도출된 표준안을 사회재난 및 안전사고 데이터셋 구축에 활용하고, 이를 기반으로 여러 분야에서 재난 사고 및 안전의 위험을 예측할 수 있는 응용 기술을 개발할 수 있게 지원한다.

• 동굴
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• 제44권45호
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• pp.29-40
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• 1996

동굴환경의 주요특성은 첫째 광선이 차단되어 암흑상태이며 둘째, 내부 습도가 높고 기온이나 수온이 연중 변화가 심하지 않으며 셋째, 먹이연쇄에 필수적인 영양공급원이 제한되어 있다. 따라서 광합성 작용으로 생장하는 녹색식물은 태양광선이 유입되는 곳이나 인공조명 시설지역을 제외한 곳에서는 서식이 불가능하고 대형동물이나 초식동물은 생존이 어렵다.(중략)

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.744-751
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• 2022

Construction is among the most dangerous industries with numerous accidents occurring at job sites. Following an accident, an investigation report is issued, containing all of the specifics. Analyzing the text information in construction accident reports can help enhance our understanding of historical data and be utilized for accident prevention. However, the conventional method requires a significant amount of time and effort to read and identify crucial information. The previous studies primarily focused on analyzing related objects and causes of accidents rather than the construction activities. This study aims to extract construction activities taken by workers associated with accidents by presenting an automated framework that adopts a deep learning-based approach and natural language processing (NLP) techniques to automatically classify sentences obtained from previous construction accident reports into predefined categories, namely TRADE (i.e., a construction activity before an accident), EVENT (i.e., an accident), and CONSEQUENCE (i.e., the outcome of an accident). The classification model was developed using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) showed a robust accuracy of 88.7%, indicating that the proposed model is capable of investigating the occurrence of accidents with minimal manual involvement and sophisticated engineering. Also, this study is expected to support safety assessments and build risk management systems.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2007

원자력발전소의 온배수 배출에 따른 주변해역의 해양환경변화는 온배수의 수온상승에 의한 해수질의 생지화학적 변화가 상호 연관되어 나타나게 된다. 지금까지 우리나라에서 수행된 여러 원전 온배수 관련 해양환경 영향범위 산정 문제는 항상 객관적 논리와 정량화된 근거자료의 미비나 부재로 이해 당사자간의 소모적인 논란과 파행적 피해보상 진행으로 귀결되어온 바 있다. 이러한 문제는 해양환경 피해영향평가 조사가 용역조사기관에 따라 각각 달리 수행되어 동일하고 표준화된 지침에 의하여 객관성을 보장하지 못하였기 때문으로 초래한 현상으로 사료된다. 국내에서 2002년부터 2004년까지 수행된 17개 조사보고서를 검토한 결과 이에 대한 보다 근본적인 원인은 우선 해수질 조사항목에서부터 그 적정성과 유의성에 대한 검증이 충분치 못한 상황에서 용역조사기관 재량에 따라 결정 수행되었기 때문으로 생각된다. 더구나 결과해석에 있어서 온배수에 의한 인과관계를 정량적이거나 객관화된 피해근거를 규명하지 못하고 애매모호한 경우가 많았으며 경우에 따라 불명확하거나 비객관적인 해석으로 인하여 이해당사자간의 합리적인 합의를 도출할 수 없었기 때문으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 관행적 문제점을 개선하고 보다 명확한 피해영향평가를 도출하기위해 객관화되고 정량적인 온배수에 의한 해양환경 영향평가가 이루어질 수 있도록 모든 이해당사자와 전문가, 학계 그리고 용역수행기관이 합의할 수 있는 표준지침을 토의하고 제시하고자 하였다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.305-313
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• 2019

Background: The oil and gas industry is one of the riskiest industries for confined space injuries. This study aimed to understand an overall picture of the causal factors of confined space accidents through analyzing accident reports and the use of a qualitative approach. Methods: Twenty-one fatal occupational accidents were analyzed according to the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System approach. Furthermore, thirty-three semistructured interviews were conducted with employees in different roles to capture their experiences regarding the contributory factors. The content analyses of the interview transcripts were conducted using MAXQDA software. Results: Based on accident reports, the largest proportions of causal factors (77%) were attributed to the organizational and supervisory levels, with the predominant influence of the organizational process. We identified 25 contributory factors in confined space accidents that were causal factors outside of the original Human Factors Analysis and Classification System framework. Therefore, modifications were made to deal with factors outside the organization and newly explored causal factors at the organizational level. External Influences as the fifth level considered contributory factors beyond the organization including Laws, Regulations and Standards, Government Policies, Political Influences, and Economic Status categories. Moreover, Contracting/Contract Management and Emergency Management were two extra categories identified at the organizational level. Conclusions: Preventing confined space accidents requires addressing issues from the organizational to operator level and external influences beyond the organization. The recommended modifications provide a basis for accident investigation and risk analysis, which may be applicable across a broad range of industries and accident types.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.64-74
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• 2024

최근 의료기관 관련 홍역 유행 사례가 보고되고 있지만, 유행 역학조사 보고서가 표준화되어 있지 않아 질병부담의 크기를 이해하는 데 어려움이 있다. 본 연구에서는 의료기관 관련 감염을 측정하기 위해 개발된 Outbreak Reports and Intervention Studies of Nosocomial Infection (ORION) 조사도구를 사용하여 병원 내에서의 홍역 발생의 크기를 측정하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus 및 Cochrane에서 "measles," "nosocomial," "hospital," 및 "healthcare" 등의 주제어를 사용하여 검색을 수행하였다. 총 24건의 의료기관 관련 홍역 유행 역학조사 연구를 ORION 도구를 활용하여 검토했다. 연구 결과 전 세계적으로 의료기관 내에서의 홍역 전파는 발병률, 사망률 및 경제적으로 중대한 부담을 주고 있는 것을 확인하였다. 의료기관 관련 홍역을 예방하기 위해 의사 및 간호사 등 의료 종사자들의 예방접종 지침이 준수되어야 할 것이며, 특히 표준화된 유행 역학조사 보고서의 활용이 필요하다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2014

The accident statistics use the data from police accident reports and statistics. Although the official accident statistics are useful, they provide very limited information about how accidents occur, the cause of the accident and the injury mechanisms. This limitations could be overcome by carrying out the in-depth accident study and analysing investigations, collecting more detailed information. Meanwhile a net of in-depth investigation teams are operating worldwide, such as NASS (National Accident Sampling System) and CIREN (Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network) in US, OTS (On the spot investigation) in UK. In this study, the database structure and variables of Korea in-depth accidents investigation system would be proposed through considering the database structure of GIDAS (Germany In-Depth Accidents Study). GIDAS is one of the best system on the in-depth accident study system in the world. GIDAS was established in 1999 as a cooperation project between Federal Highway Research Institute of Germany (BASt) and research association on automotive engineering of German Car Industry(FAT). The iGLAD (Initiative for the Global Harmonization of Accident Data) was also considered to introduce into the database variables of Korea in-depth accident study. Current police reports were compared with GIDAS and iGLAD. To collaborate of the Worldwide in-depth accident data, this paper proposed that the database of Korea in-depth accident study would be introduced the structure of GIDAS and the core variables of iGLAD. Harmonization of the structures and core variables of Korea in-depth accident study will be better than the making unique ones. The database structure and core variables of KIDAS(Korea In-Depth Accident Study) introduced of GIDAS and iGLAD.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.136-147
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze four cases of firefighter burns in various fire scenes and to find prevention measures to decrease firefighter injuries. Among the analysis reports prepared by the National Fire Research Institute of Korea from 2016 to 2020, four burn-related accidents are summarized and the main causes are conveyed. The four accidents include second-degree burns from using extinguishers during containment of fires; nine firefighters burned due to re-ignition in the LPG car repair shop; two firefighters injured with third-degree burns from using fire extinguishers during life-saving events in residential housing; and injuries from the radiant heat of the tank BLEVE near the factory fire. These cases are comprehensively investigated in their respective scenes and analyzed based on the fire site investigation reports from the fire department and related theoretical explanations of risk for each accident scene. In the third case study, some experimental research is conducted to evaluate the risk involved with the use of safety gloves. This is evaluated by reviewing Fire Tactics and Standard Operational Procedures (SOP) to determine improvements and recommendations for an efficient firefighting response. Results show that the main causes of burn accidents are the insufficient use of personal protective equipment (PPE), such as safety gloves, and the failure to follow firefighting tactics or SOPs. Through the accident investigation and assessment, it is concluded that to reduce the frequency of burn accidents, the performance of firefighting equipment, SOPs, protection tactics, and safety policy systems require improvement.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.247-263
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• 2013

It is evident that torsional resistance of a reinforced concrete (RC) member is attributed to both concrete and steel reinforcement. However, recent structural design codes neglect the contribution of concrete because of cracking. This paper reports on the results of an experimental and numerical investigation into the torsional capacity of concrete beams reinforced only by longitudinal rebars without transverse reinforcement. The experimental investigation involves six specimens tested under pure torsion. Each specimen was made using a cast-in-place concrete with different amounts of longitudinal reinforcements. To create the torsional moment, an eccentric load was applied at the end of the beam whereas the other end was fixed against twist, vertical, and transverse displacement. The experimental results were also compared with the results obtained from the nonlinear finite element analysis performed in ANSYS. The outcomes showed a good agreement between experimental and numerical investigation, indicating the capability of numerical analysis in predicting the torsional capacity of RC beams. Both experimental and numerical results showed a considerable torsional post-cracking resistance in high twist angle in test specimen. This post-cracking resistance is neglected in torsional design of RC members. This strength could be considered in the design of RC members subjected to torsion forces, leading to a more economical and precise design.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권5호
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• pp.559-564
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• 2020

A survey of rodents and chiggers associated with Orientia tsutsugamushi was conducted in a rural region of the Republic of Korea (Korea) between 2014 and 2018. Overall Apodemus agrarius 15.2% had the highest seropisitive for O. tsutsugamushi, followed by Myodes regulus 11.4%. Monthly risk factors using logistic regression analysis were not associated with O. tsutsugamushi infections in rodents. The overall prevalence rate of O. tsutsugamushi among chiggers was 0.3%. The chigger (Leptotrombidium scutellare) and monthly (October) risk factors were associated with O. tsutsugamushi human infections (P<0.05). Orientia tsutsugamushi infections are endemic in rodents in Korea and people, for example, soldiers who are active outdoors, must employ preventive measures, especially during October (P<0.05). When there are many reports of O. tsutsugamushi infections in Korea. The Boryong strain 85.7% (2/14) was the most common strain detected in chiggers, followed by the Shimokoshi 7.1% (1/14) and Karp 7.1% strains.