• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

It becomes more concerned that the cell adhesion molecule plays an important role in the process of malignant transformation and tumor behaviors including invasive growth and metastasis. It is postulated if the expression of adhesion molecule is reduced in tumor tissue, the tumor cell will be undifferentiated and lose their cell adhesion ability and polarity. So the tumor cells lost the adhesion of cell to cell and to basement membrane that they became more aggressive. Reduced cadherin expression enhances invasiveness through infiltrative growth and metastasis of tumor cells is well known and mostly accepted in many epithelia tumors. We explored the expression of E-cadherin by immunohistochemical staining in 50 oral squamous cell carcinomas and investigated the correlation between the expression of E-cadherin and clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis. The expression of E-cadherin was reduced in 40/50(80%) of primary tumors, and 21/22(95.5%) of lymph nodes. The reduced expression of the E-cadherin was associated with lymph node metastasis(P=0.029), invasive mode(P=0.030) and marginal status(P=0.038). Survival analysis showed that predictive period of E-cadherin reduced group(37 months) was lower than that of E-cadherin preserved group(60 months), but there was no statistical significant difference.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.3455-3460
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• 2012

Objectives: To report the prevalence of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and atypical squamous cells-cannot exclude high squamous intraepithelial lesions and to determine the possible association of Pap test results with high-risk human papillomavirus and high squamous intraepithelial lesions in women from Duhok, Iraq. Design: A prospective, observational study was conducted between January 2005 and December 2011. Overall, 596 women with a cervicovaginal Pap test showing atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and 93 atypical squamous cells-cannot exclude high squamous intraepithelial lesion for whom pathologic follow-up was available were studied. Follow-up consisted of repeat cytology, colposcopy and histology. High risk human papillomavirus DNA testing was performed on exfoliated cervical cells from 106 women, using conventional PCR after at least 36 months from the initial Pap smear. Results: Significantly high proportions of both atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (87.9%) and atypical squamous cells-cannot exclude high squamous intraepithelial lesion (62.4%) demonstrated no significant lesion on subsequent follow up. Low squamous intraepithelial lesions were observed in 1.7% of cases of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and in 5.4% of atypical squamous cells-cannot exclude high squamous intraepithelial lesion. High squamous intraepithelial lesion was demonstrated in 0.8% and 16.1% respectively. In the latter there was also one case of invasive carcinoma. High-risk HPV DNA was demonstrated in 40% of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and 57.1% of atypical squamous cells-cannot exclude high squamous intraepithelial lesions. Conclusions: Since both atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and atypical squamous cells-cannot exclude high squamous intraepithelial lesion identify patients who are at an increased risk for the development of high squamous intraepithelial lesions and a considerable percentage harbor high risk-HPV, both should be retained as diagnostic categories and patients warrant a diligent follow up and testing for high risk-HPV DNA. Colposcopic evaluation and biopsy, when indicated, are a must.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.498-504
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• 1991

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising in the tracheobronchial tree is an extremely rare tumor. Usually it remains as locally invasive neoplasm, although malignant change is described. Histologically, it is characterized by an admixture of vacuolated, mucus producing cells and sheets of epithelial cells with a cohesive pattern which resemble squamous cells. Its clinical and histopathological behaviors were reported as varying degrees of benign to extremely malignant. We had experienced two young patients with low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the right and left upper lobar bronchi. A 15-year-old man who had had intermittent hemoptysis for 1 year underwent right upper lobectomy. And the other 18-year-old man had suffered from obstructive pneumonitis for 6 months underwent left pneumonectomy. The postoperative courses were uneventful, and the bronchoscopy and chest CT which were done at 6 months later revealed no regional recurrence.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.618-619
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• 2016

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1197-1200
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• 1991

Polypoid lesions of the esophagus occur infrequently and may be benign or malignant. Pseudosarcoma, a malignant polypoid tumor of the esophagus is rare and appears to be a distinct pathological entity; the polypoid portion is composed of sarcomatous spindle cells and the base of the polyp shows in situ or invasive squamous cell carcinoma. We experienced a case of pseudosarcoma of the esophagus and report the case with the review of literature.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.74-82
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• 2009

In order to make successful oral cancer treatment, we need to understand about tumor biology and effective chemotherapeutic agents. To achieve these studies, it is necessary to develope a proper in-vivo model. Therefore the author will make try to develop more improved animal model of more applicable in various method of cancer study. In this study, the author induced in-vivo tumorigenesis in nude mice by $YD-10B_{mod}$ cell line used by YD-10B cell line originated from oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma and observed tumor formations and invasiveness of surrounding tissue, and found some results as follows : 1. The experimental group($YD-10B_{mod}$, subcutaneous injection) produced tumors 13 out of 15 mice, while the control group produced none of 5 mice. 2. The inoculation of $1{\times}10^6$cells/mouse produced tumors 3 out of 5 mice and inoculation of $1{\times}10^7$cells/mouse, $2{\times}10^7$cells/mouse produced tumors in every 5 mice. 3. In the histopathologic studies, the inoculation of $1{\times}10^6$cells/mouse group showed the characteristic features of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and demarcated expansile growth, while the inoculation of $1{\times}10^7$cells/mouse, $2{\times}10^7$cells/mouse group showed the expansile growth with partial central necrosis and invasive growth to surrounding fat & connective tissue. These findings suggest that atopic xenograft of $YD-10B_{mod}$ cell line in nude mice has a improved productivity of tumors, produced tumors showed the characteristics feature of human tumor and invasive growth to surrounding tissue in histopathologic appearance. These atopic nude mouse model of tongue carcinoma might assist in studying oral cancer biology and effective choice of chemotherapeutic agents.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent form of oral cancer and holds the eighth position in the cancer incidence ranking. OSCC patients are treated by classical therapeutic modalities consisting of surgery, radiotherapy, and/or chemotherapy. But OSCC still shows significant mortality rates. Thus, new therapeutic approaches have been investigated and the most promising one is naturally acquired agents with known anti-cancer effects. Genistein is a compound extracted from soy bean. Its anti-cancer effect on breast cancer is well established now and it is investigated whether it has similar effect on OSCC. It inhibited the growth and invasive-ness of OSCC cells in vitro, but these effects did not work in living animals in vivo. Catechin is a compound from green tea and its anti-cancer effect on OSCC is known better than other agents. Catechin showed its anti-cancer effect in vitro via induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of growth, and down-regulation of invasion/metastasis. These effects were confirmed in vivo with mouse model. Cordycepin is one of major pharmacologically important components in Cordyceps Militaris and may exert its anti-cancer effect as an adenosine receptor agonist. In recent study, it inhibited the proliferation of OSCC cells via A3 adenosine receptor. But because there is very scarce evidence on this effect, more researches are needed on this theme.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.396-403
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• 2006

Changes in cell adhesion molecules are associated with infiltration and metastatic progression of cancer. Reduced expression of E-cadherin and ${\beta}-catenin$ complex in some carcinomas has been reported. The changes in the expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is not fully understood and it also remains undetermined whether the expression of these adhesion molecules in metastatic lesions differs from that in the primary lesions. In the present study, therefore, we immunohistochemically examined the expression of E-cadherin and ${\beta}-catenin$ in 45 primary OSCCs and 19 metastatic lymph nodes. We compared the expression of these molecules between primary and metastatic lesions and investigated the correlation between the expression and clinicopathologic parameters. The expression of E-cadherin and ${\beta}-catenin$ was reduced in 35/45 (78.2%), 14/45 (31.2%) of primary tumors respectively, but 18/19 (94.7%) and 17/19 (89.4%) of lymph nodes showed preserved expression. The reduced expression of the E-cadherin was associated with lymph node metastasis, invasive mode and marginal status but no significant relationship was not found with ${\beta}-catenin$. In conclusion, the loss of E-cadherin and ${\beta}-catenin$ complex function is associated with progression of OSCC and suggest that the expression of this complex will be a supplementary prognostic tool.

• Oncology Letters
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.1805-1814
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• 2019

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common malignancy initiated by keratinocytes of the epidermis, which are able to invade the dermis and its periphery. Although most patients with cSCC present with curable localized tumors, recurrence, metastasis and mortality occasionally occur. In the present study, nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) was identified as an upregulated protein in the SCC12 cell line, which has high invasive potential compared with the SCC13 cell line. The effects of NNMT knockdown on proliferation, migration and invasion were investigated using SCC cells. shRNA-mediated downregulation of NNMT expression levels inhibited the proliferation and density-dependent growth of SCC12 cells. In addition, the results of a cell motility assay showed that the migration and invasion of SCC cells were markedly decreased in NNMT-knockdown cells. The assessment of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated gene expression using PCR array analysis revealed that high NNMT expression levels were accompanied by high expression levels of EMT-associated genes, and that NNMT knockdown effectively suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9, osteopontin, versican core protein and zinc finger protein SNAI2 in SCC12 cells. These results revealed that the upregulation of NNMT induced cellular invasion via EMT-related gene expression in SCC cells.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.29-33
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• 2017

Verrucous carcinoma was first described by Ackerman who reported a case of verrucous carcinoma of the oral cavity. While it is primarily occurred in oral cavity, larynx is the second most affected site, accounting for nearly 35% of cases. It is a rare variant of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and comprises 1% to 4% of all laryngeal carcinomas. It is characterized by locally invasive, slow growth and the surface shows papillary fronds with prominent hyperkeratosis. Because of the benign appearance and difficulty of the tissue diagnosis, it is often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. The primary treatment modality is surgery and the extent of surgical resection may be guided by T stage. We experienced a case of verrucous carcinoma of larynx in a patient with hoarseness lasted for about 2 years and had difficult to diagnosis and treatment. Therefore we report this case with a brief review of literature.