• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.1069-1077
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• 2013

Several authors investigated the properties which are invariant under the passage from a group to its nonabelian tensor square. In the present note we study this problem from the viewpoint of the classes of groups and the methods allow us to prove a result of invariance for some geometric properties of discrete groups.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.581-590
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• 2014

In approach theory, we can provide arbitrary products of ${\infty}p$-metric spaces with a natural structure, whereas, classically only if we rely on a countable product and the question arises, then, whether properties which are derived from countability properties in metric spaces, such as sequential and countable compactness, can also do away with countability. The classical results which simplify the study of compactness in pseudometric spaces, which proves that all three of the main kinds of compactness are identical, suggest a further study of the category $pMET^{\infty}$.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.277-295
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• 2023

The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) measures the extent to which individuals feel, accept, and respond to their own bodies in a positive manner. Given the research need to explore positive body image and its associations with various sociocultural factors and related consequences among individuals with various cultural backgrounds, several studies have established the psychometric properties and factor structures of the BAS-2 in different languages and samples with different characteristics. The current study investigated the psychometric properties and measurement invariance of a Korean version of the BAS-2 in an older Korean adult population (599 older Korean adults with the average age of 70 years). Data were collected using both online and offline (paper-based) survey questionnaires. The results of exploratory factor analyses and confirmatory factor analysis evidenced the unidimensional factor structure and measurement invariance of the Korean BAS-2 among older Korean men and women, after dropping item 1. Scalar invariance was supported across gender, and men and women did not significantly differ in observed mean scores of the Korean BAS-2. The results also supported good convergent validity and criterion validity. Incremental validity was demonstrated by predicting self-esteem over and above measures of age, BMI, subjective financial and health status, body esteem, and ageism. High internal reliability and test-retest reliability over a 2-week period were confirmed. Overall, the results of this study support the reliable use of a Korean BAS-2 to measure positive body image among older Koreans after excluding item 1.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.139-147
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• 1999

In this paper we generalize the definition of strongly close-to-convex functions by using the functions g(z) of bounded boundary rotation and investigate the distortion and rotation theorem, coefficient inequalities, invariance property and inclusion relation for the new class $G_{k}[A,\;B]$.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the Nielsen root number for the complement N(f:X-A,c) which shares such properties with the Nielsen root number N(f;c) as lower bound and homotopy invariance.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 1988

We introduce the concept of a w-Lindel$\ddot{o}$f space which is a more general concept than that of a Lindel$\ddot{o}$f spaces. We obtain some characterization about H-closed sapces and w-Lindel$\ddot{o}$f spaces. Also, we investigate their invariance properties.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.959-966
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• 1998

We present fast QR factorization algorithms $m{\times}n\;(m{\geq}n)$ Toeplitz matrix. These QR factorization algortihms are determined from the shift-invariance properties of underlying matrices. The major transformation tool is a stabilized/hyperbolic Householder transformation. The algortihms require O(mn) operations, and can be easily implemented on distributed-memory multiprocessors.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.53-63
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• 1991

In this paper we first present the elements of the theory of families of distributions and corresponding estimators having structual properties which are preserved under certain groups of transformations, called "Invariance Principle". The invariance principle is an intuitively appealing decision principle which is frequently used, even in classical statistics. It is interesting not only in its own right, but also because of its strong relationship with several other proposal approaches to statistics, including the fiducial inference of Fisher [3, 4], the structural inference of Fraser [5], and the use of noninformative priors of Jeffreys [6]. Unfortunately, a space precludes the discussion of fiducial inference and structural inference. Many of the key ideas in these approaches will, however, be brought out in the discussion of invarience and its relationship to the use of noninformatives priors. This principle is also applied to the problem of finding the best scale invariant estimator in the scale parameter problem. Finally, several examples are subsequently given.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.26-31
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• 2009

This paper describes a new image watermarking scheme invariant to rotation, scaling and translation (RST) attacks. For obtaining the invariance properties we propose to present an image of watermark by wedges and rings to convert its rotation to shift and then utilize the shift invariance property of the Direct Fourier Transform (DFT). But in contrast to conversional schemes based on the Fourier-Mellin transform (FMT), we do not use a log-polar mapping (LPM). As a result, our scheme preserves high quality of original image since it is not underwent to LPM For withstanding against JPEG compression, noise addition and low-pass (LP) filtering attacks a low frequency watermark is embedded into middle frequencies of the original image. Experiments with various attacks show the robustness of the proposed scheme.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.870-876
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• 1993

This paper presents a binary clustering network (BCN) and a heuristic algorithm to detect pitch for recognition of keywords in continuous speech. In order to classify nonlinear patterns, BCN separates patterns into binary clusters hierarchically and links same patterns at root level by using the supervised learning and the unsupervised learning. BCN has many desirable properties such as flexibility of dynamic structure, high classification accuracy, short learning time, and short recall time. Pitch Detection algorithm is a heuristic model that can solve the difficulties such as scaling invariance, time warping, time-shift invariance, and redundance. This recognition algorithm has shown recognition rates as high as 95% for speaker-dependent as well as multispeaker-dependent tests.