• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.471-472
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• 2001

Recently many studies show that genetic characters can be used to provide unambiguous taxonomic discrimination when morphological characters are not practical for routine identification to species level (Bucklin et al., 1996, 1998; Lindeque et al., 1999). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the nuclear ribosomal DNA are also one of appropriate markers for species-level studies because it contains sufficient diversity to address intra- and interspecific phylogenetic relationships in invertebrates (Odorico and Miller,1997; Schizas et al., 1999). (omitted)

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.274-278
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• 2022

One marine ciliate, Diophrys quadrinucleata Zhang et al., 2020 was newly recorded from South Korea in this study. We provided morphological diagnosis and images of the Korean D. quadrinucleata population. We determined the small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (CO1) sequence data of D. quadrinucleata, and then the sequences were compared with other Diophrys species. Intra-specific variation between the Korean and type (Chinese) populations was identical in the SSU rDNA, while the inter-specific variations between seven Diophrys species were 0.3-3.8% in the SSU rDNA and 12.6-18.2% in the CO1. In this study, we obtained 18S and CO1 data from species with identified morphology. As the importance of securing 18S and CO1 based on morphology increases in current studies, this study will contribute to ciliate studies.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.313-318
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• 2019

In recent years, the taeniasis has been rarely reported in the Republic of Korea (Korea). But in this study, we intend to report 4 taeniasis cases caused by Taenia saginata during a 5-month period (February to June 2018) at a unversity hospital in Gwangju, Korea. Worm samples (proglottids) discharged from all cases were identified by phenotypic and molecular diagnostics. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences showed 99.4-99.9% identity with T. saginata but, differed by 4% from T. asiatica and by 7% from T. multiceps, respectively. We found that tapeworms in 2 cases (Cases 2 and 3) yielded exactly the same sequences between them, which differed from those in Cases 1 and 4, suggesting intra-species variation in tapeworms. These taeniasis cases by T. saginata infection in this study, which occurred within a limited time period and region, suggest the possibility of a mini-outbreak. This study highlights the need for further epidemiological investigation of potentially overlooked cases of T. saginata infection in Korea.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.156-159
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• 2019

The phyllodicd polychaete species, Nereiphylla hera Kato and Mawatari, 1999 is reported from the intertidal habitats of the eastern coast of South Korea. We determined the DNA barcoding region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) of N. hera and compared nucleotide variation with its congeners. The intra-specific genetic distance between the three COI sequences of N. hera was ranged from 0 to 0.4%. The inter-specific distances between N. hera and other Nereiphylla species ranged from 18.8 to 22.3%. In this study, we reported the first COI barcodes of N. hera with the morphologcial diagnosis and the photographs. These results would be helpful to understand taxonomy of Nereiphylla.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.66-74
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• 2004

In order to clarify intra-and inter-specific variation of Korean Rana species, the partial DNA sequences of mitochondrial 16S rDNA gene were determined from 6 Korean and 1 Japanese Rana species, DNA sequences from Korean and Japanese species were comparison-analysed within, and also with the sequences from three species of Japanese brown frogs. DNA similarities were calculated as 91.3∼97.3％ among brown frog (R. amurensis coreana, R. dybowskii and R. huanrenensis), as 96.11∼97.26％ among pond frogs (R. nigromaculata and R. planeyi chosenica). Genetic distance of pond frog and wrinkle fyog (R. rugosa) were near than that of pond frog and brown frog. Two clusters were formed brown frogs and the other group by neigh-bor-joining and maximum-likelihood analysis, also the populations of R. nigromaculata were well distinguished between Korean peninsula and Korean island. But result from maximum-likelihood analysis slightly differed from neighbor-joining to cluster of R. rugosa. Further analyses for their population will be necessary to study the phylogenetic status.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.4-34
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• 2012

Parastenocaris koreana sp. nov. is described based on examination of numerous adult specimens of both sexes from several localities in Korea. Scanning electron micrographs are used to examine intra- and interpopulation variability of micro-characters, in addition to light microscopy. The new species is most closely related to the Japanese P. biwae Miura, 1969, which we redescribe based on newly collected material from the Lake Biwa drainage area. The two species differ in size, relative length of the caudal rami, shape of the anal operculum, shape of the genital double somite, relative length of the inner distal process on the female fifth leg, as well as relative length of the apical setae on the second, third, and fourth legs exopods in both sexes. Detailed examinations of three disjunct populations of P. koreana reveal also some geographical variation, especially in the surface ornamentation of somites, which may indicate some population structuring or even cryptic speciation. Lack of intraspecific variability in the number and position of sensilla on somites, as well as their potential phylogenetic significance, is a novel discovery. Both species examined here belong to the brevipes group, which we redefine to include 20 species from India (including Sri Lanka), Australia, East Asia, Northern Europe, and North America. A key to species of this group is also provided. In order to test the monophyly of the redefined brevipes group with highly disjunct distribution, as well as relationship between different species, a cladistics analysis is performed based on 39 morphological characters and with help of three outgroup taxa. Six equally parsimonious cladograms are generated, all of which show that the ingroup is well defined by at least three synapomorphies. Reconstructed phylogeny questions the previously suggested hypothesis about the origin of this group in South East Asia, with one Australian species showing the most basal position. We speculate that the present distribution of this group may be a combination of ancient vicariance and subsequent dispersal, with a possible origin in the Gondwanaland, in the rift valley between Australia and India.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.4 s.84
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• pp.470-475
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• 2007

Genus Sorbus is a long lived woody species. Plants of this genus are primarily distributed patchy throughout Asia and Europe. Sorbus commixta is primarily distributed throughout Europe. Eastern Asian Sorbus species are regarded as very important herbal medicines in Korea and China. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to investigate the genetic variation and phylogenetic analysis of four species of this genus in Korea. Although some Korean populations of these species were isolated and patchily distributed, they exhibited a high level of genetic diversity. Twenty-six primers revealed 205 loci, of which 128 were polymorphic (62.4%). S. commixta showed the highest diversity (0.165), whereas S. aucuparia showed the lowest diversity (0.109). The estimated gene flow (Nm) was low high among intra-species (mean Nm=0.755). A similarity matrix based on the proportion of shared fragments (GS) was used to evaluate relatedness among species. The estimate of GS ranged from 0.786 to 0.963. The molecular data allowed us to resolve well-supported clades in Korean taxa and European species. An addition, especially, species-specific markers for genus Sorbus by RAPD analysis may be useful in germ-plasm classification and agricultural process of several taxa of this genus.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.146-150
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• 2003

This study was carried out to obtain basic information on breeding using PCR-aided RFLP technology which can identify the variation inter- and intra-species of ginseng in the level of DNA. It was intended to investigate banding pattern on psbA and rbeL genes of chloroplast DNA in ginseng after treating with restriction enzymes. To isolate psbA and rbcL genes of chloroplast, both psbA-N, psbA-C primer and rbcL-N, PX-1 primer were used. As a result, 1,008 bp band of psbA gene and 1,336 bp band of rbcL gene were appeared, which was optimal and expected molecular weight. In addition, primers to isolate atpB, rpoB, trnL, and trnF genes were used, resulting in the expected 1366, 900, 1500 and 1008 bp bands. Genes of psbA and rbcL isolated by PCR were cut by restriction enzymes, Sau3A, TaqI, AluI, HaeIII, and RFLP pattern was investigated. KG line and other species of ginseng were cut by TaqI treatment, and bands were located in 800 bp. The treatment treated by AluI also showed the same 800 bp band in KG line and other species. In HaeIII treatment, 500 bp of faint bands were shown in case of KG line, whereas any bands were not observed in other species. All chloroplast genes formed bands by PCR amplification. However, it was not evident to distinguish intra-or inter-species of ginseng after restriction enzyme treatment. Therefore, more restriction enzyme treatment or sequence comparison method should be considered for further experiment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.272-272
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• 1996

While ranitidine is well known to be absorbed rapidly, the underlying cause of variable bioavailability in intra- and inter-subjects has not been clarified yet. Intestinal permeability is a key controlling factor for oral absorption of highly soluble drugs, In the present study, intestinal ferfusions have been conducted to determine the intestinal permeabilities(Peffs) of ranitidine in the rats, dogs and humans and compared to the estimated fractions of dose absorbed (FAs) in humans. A new in vivo methodology, using a regional segmental perfusion technique, has been used in the dogs and humans. In situ single-pass perfusion experiments have been performed in the rats. In the dog and human studies, perfusion experiments have been conducted on two periods to determine the intrasubject variability, There was low significant intrasubject variation as compared to intersubject variation. The Peffs of ranitidine were 33%, 51%, and 45% inthe rats, dogs and humans, respectively. The FAs were approximately the same for all three species models, suggesting rats and dogs are good animal models for estimating the oral absorption of ranitidine in humans. In addition, the estimated extent of absorption of this drug is consistent with the average bioavailability, indicating that ranitidine has permeability-limited absorption characteristics. Supported by FDA Grant FD01462.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.33-36
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• 2019

The marine interstitial annelid Pharyngocirrus uchidai(Sasaki, 1981) has been only known from Japan. In this study, we report the occurrence of P. uchidai for the first time in four localities along the eastern coast of Korea: Bukmyeon, Gamchu, Gase, and Oeongchi. Species identification was confirmed by comparison of DNA barcoding sequences with morphological examination from the type locality, Oshoro, Japan. We generated a total of 25 sequences of a partial segment (580 bp) of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI), representing five specimens from each locality. Maximum intra-specific variation was 1.2% in terms of Kimura two-parameter (K2P) distance, observed between two individuals each from Gamchu (i.e., between two specimens from the single locality), Gamchu and Oeongchi, Gamchu and Oshoro, and Oeongchi and Oshoro. On the other hand, an identical haplotype was found in all the five localities, substantiating our species identification for the Korean populations. Inter-specific K2P distance between P. uchidai and an unidentified Saccocirrus sp. from Canada (based on public database entries) was 22.4-23.4%.