• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.207-214
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• 2020

Currently, the operation of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is regulated to be able to fly only within the visible range, but in recent years, the needs for operation in the invisible area, in the urban area and at night have increased. In order to operate UAVs in the invisible area, at night, and in the urban area, a flight path for UAVs must be prepared like those operated by manned aircraft, and for this, it is necessary to establish an unmanned aircraft system traffic management (UTM). In order to establish the UTM, information on the minimum separation distance to prevent collisions with UAVs and buildings is required, and accordingly, information on the navigation performance of UAVs is required. In order to analyze the navigation performance of an UAV, total system error (TSE), which is the difference between the planned flight path and the actual location of the UAV, is required. If the collected data are insufficient and classification according to integrity, independence, and direction is not performed, accurate navigation performance is not derived. In this paper, propose a navigation performance analysis method of UAV that is derived TSE using flight data and modeled with normal distribution, analyze performance.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.253-259
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• 2018

The Korea Convergence Society. Recently, as the 4th industrial revolution is rising, there are many changes in various field of industries. Among these industries, autonomous vehicles based on artificial intelligence, big data and internet of things is one of the most promising industry. Autonomous vehicle stray from classical car domain of manufacturers and suppliers, IT/Electronics suppliers and communication companies are widen their business area to autonomous vehicle technology. In this paper, we analysis the state of art of autonomous vehicle technology and development direction of industries/research institute. Finally, we discuss the social/economic effects of autonomous vehicle.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2022

In this paper, we have recently created self-driving cars and self-parking systems in human-friendly cars that can provide high safety and high convenience functions by recognizing the internal and external situations of automobiles in real time by incorporating next-generation electronics, information communication, and function control technologies. And with the development of connected cars, the ITS (Intelligent Transportation Systems) market is expected to grow rapidly. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is an intelligent transportation system that incorporates technologies such as electronics, information, communication, and control into the transportation system, and aims to implement a next-generation transportation system suitable for the information society. By combining the technologies of connected cars and Internet of Things with software features and operating systems, future cars will serve as a service platform to connect the surrounding infrastructure on their own. This study creates a research methodology based on the Enhanced Security Model in Self-Driving Cars model. As for the types of attacks, Availability Attack, Man in the Middle Attack, Imperial Password Use, and Use Inclusive Access Control attack defense methodology are used. Along with the commercialization of 5G, various service models using advanced technologies such as autonomous vehicles, traffic information sharing systems using IoT, and AI-based mobility services are also appearing, and the growth of smart transportation is accelerating. Therefore, research was conducted to defend against hacking based on vulnerabilities of smart cars based on artificial intelligence blockchain.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2022

In this paper, we have recently created self-driving cars and self-parking systems in human-friendly cars that can provide high safety and high convenience functions by recognizing the internal and external situations of automobiles in real time by incorporating next-generation electronics, information communication, and function control technologies. And with the development of connected cars, the ITS (Intelligent Transportation Systems) market is expected to grow rapidly. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is an intelligent transportation system that incorporates technologies such as electronics, information, communication, and control into the transportation system, and aims to implement a next-generation transportation system suitable for the information society. By combining the technologies of connected cars and Internet of Things with software features and operating systems, future cars will serve as a service platform to connect the surrounding infrastructure on their own. This study creates a research methodology based on the Enhanced Security Model in Self-Driving Cars model. As for the types of attacks, Availability Attack, Man in the Middle Attack, Imperial Password Use, and Use Inclusive Access Control attack defense methodology are used. Along with the commercialization of 5G, various service models using advanced technologies such as autonomous vehicles, traffic information sharing systems using IoT, and AI-based mobility services are also appearing, and the growth of smart transportation is accelerating. Therefore, research was conducted to defend against hacking based on vulnerabilities of smart cars based on artificial intelligence blockchain.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.119-136
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• 2021

Due to the restriction of movement caused by the Corona epidemic and the expansion of the "big face" through human distance, the "unmanned system" based on artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things has been widely used in modern life. "Self-driving," one of the transportation systems based on artificial technology, has taken the initiative in the transportation system as the spread of Corona has begun. Self-driving technology eliminates unnecessary contact and saves time and manpower, which can significantly impact current and future transportation. Accidents may occur, however, due to the performance of self-driving technology during transportation albeit the U.S. allows ordinary people to drive automatically through experimental operations, and the product liability law will resolve the dispute. Self-driving has become popular in the U.S. after the experimental stage, and in the event of a self-driving accident, product liability should be applied to protect drivers from complicated self-driving disputes. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether disputes caused by defects in ordinary cars can be resolved through arbitration through U.S. precedents and to investigate whether disputes caused by defects in autonomous cars can be arbitrated.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2012

The deployment of mobile femtocellular networks can enhance the service quality for the users inside the vehicles. The deployment of mobile femtocells generates a lot of handover calls. Also, numbers of group handover scenarios are found in mobile femtocellular network deployment. The ability to seamlessly switch between the femtocells and the macrocell networks is a key concern for femtocell network deployment. However, until now there is no effective and complete handover scheme for the mobile femtocell network deployment. Also handover between the backhaul networks is a major concern for the mobile femtocellular network deployment. In this paper, we propose handover control between the access networks for the individual handover cases. Call flows for the handover between the backhaul networks of the macrocell-to-macrocell case are proposed in this paper. We also propose the link switching for the FSO based backhaul networks. The proposed resource allocation scheme ensures the negligible handover call dropping probability as well as higher bandwidth utilization.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.47-55
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• 2023

The automotive industry is undergoing a paradigm shift due to the convergence of IT and rapid digital transformation. Various components, including embedded structures and systems with complex architectures that incorporate IC semiconductors, are being integrated and modularized. As a result, there has been a significant increase in vehicle defects, raising expectations for the quality of automotive parts. As more and more data is being accumulated, there is an active effort to go beyond traditional reliability analysis methods and apply machine learning models based on the accumulated big data. However, there are still not many cases where machine learning is used in product development to identify factors of defects in performance and durability of products and incorporate feedback into the design to improve product quality. In this paper, we applied a prediction algorithm to the defects of automotive door devices equipped with automatic responsive sensors, which are commonly installed in recent electric and hydrogen vehicles. To do so, we selected test items, built a measurement emulation system for data acquisition, and conducted comparative evaluations by applying different machine learning algorithms to the measured data. The results in terms of R² score were as follows: Ordinary multiple regression 0.96, Ridge regression 0.95, Lasso regression 0.89, Elastic regression 0.91.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Information Technology Applications Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.73-76
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• 2005

The advanced information and communication technology gives vehicles another role of the third digital space, merging a physical space with a virtual space in a ubiquitous society. In the ubiquitous environment, the vehicle becomes a sensor node, which has a computing and communication capability in the digital space of wired and wireless network. An intelligent vehicle information system with a remote control and diagnosis is one of the future vehicle systems that we can expect in the ubiquitous environment. However, for the intelligent vehicle system, many issues such as vehicle mobility, in-vehicle communication, service platform and network convergence should be resolved. In this paper, an in-vehicle gateway is presented for an intelligent vehicle information system to make an access to heterogeneous networks. It gives an access to the server systems on the internet via CDMA-based hierarchical module architecture. Some experiments was made to find out how long it takes to communicate between a vehicle's intelligent information system and an external server in the various environment. The results show that the average response time amounts to 776ms at fixec place, 707ms at rural area and 910ms at urban area.

• Fourth Industrial Review
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.9-16
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• 2021

Purpose - O2O (online to off-line) is a new economic concept being emerged in the 4^th industrial age. Automobile distribution is also undergoing a change to the O2O system. In overseas, vehicles are already being sold through various online platforms. The purpose of this study is to analyze the domestic and foreign automobile distribution structure and intends to suggest the desirable direction of automobile sales in the 4th industrial age. Research design, data, and methodology - Through the investigation of previous studies and the actual cases, the advantages and disadvantages and trends of different types of automobile distribution structures. Result - It can be seen that domestic and foreign automobile brands have quite diverse distribution structures such as direct managed system, agency system, dealer system, direct sales system, online system and online/offline parallel system. Each type has its own characteristics. Conclusion - The distribution structure of automobiles is very diverse, and in particular, it is rapidly changing to an online sales system thanks to the development of information and communication technology and Internet technology and the popularization of smartphones. Through the online system, consumers can quickly and conveniently obtain vehicle information. Although the online sales system has many advantages, it requires continuous management

• Fourth Industrial Review
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

Purpose - O2O (online to off-line) is a new economic concept being emerged in the 4^th industrial age. Automobile distribution is also undergoing a change to the O2O system. In overseas, vehicles are already being sold through various online platforms. The purpose of this study is to analyze the domestic and foreign automobile distribution structure and intends to suggest the desirable direction of automobile sales in the 4th industrial age. Research design, data and methodology - Through the investigation of previous studies and the actual cases, the advantages and disadvantages and trends of different types of automobile distribution structures. Result - It can be seen that domestic and foreign automobile brands have quite diverse distribution structures such as direct managed system, agency system, dealer system, direct sales system, online system and online/offline parallel system. Each type has its own characteristics. Conclusion - The distribution structure of automobiles is very diverse, and in particular, it is rapidly changing to an online sales system thanks to the development of information and communication technology and Internet technology and the popularization of smartphones. Through the online system, consumers can quickly and conveniently obtain vehicle information. Although the online sales system has many advantages, it requires continuous management.