• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 2004

In this paper, the all units of residential housing that is not legislated in facility development law are analyzed and foreign design criteria that is related to barrier-free unit housing is comparing to domestic. Through the comparison in front door, living room, bathroom, bedroom, and kitchen, this paper aims to suggest internal barrier-free design criteria. This paper is limited to internal housing which are front door, living room, bedroom, bathroom, and kitchen. Also, the objectives of facility development law are U.S, Japan, German, and in case of U.S, UFAS is established by ADA, in Japan, Heart Building law and detail standard drawing are used, in German, DIN is used. The objective of domestic case study is the latest residential housings that are built over 2003. The flow of study is as follows ; First, the internal items of residential housing are abstracted, and each item is checked in facility development law that is legislated in. Next, through comparison of domestic and foreign facility development law related to housing, common items are abstracted and detail standards are defined. Domestic residential housings are analyzed in those standards. Finally, the problems that is the result of analysis are analyzed and the barrier free design criteria is abstracted in unit housing. Also, more developed items and future study are suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.20-29
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• 1979

The origin of barriers to internal rotation of hydrogen peroxide and ethane is investigated by using the concept of Bonding and Antibonding Regions. The strong bond formations between the axial and end atoms on the same side make the real charge densities in these molecules less dependent on conformations than those in the hypothetical molecules having no axial atoms. Thus, the existence of the axial atoms should induce the migration of the transition density from the Bonding region to the Antibonding region. Barrier to internal rotation can be understood in terms of this migration of the transition density to such an extent that the change in nuclear-nuclear repulsion energy becomes the dominating part of the total perturbation energy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.560-560
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• 2007

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.466-470
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the effects of topically applied petrolatum and glycerin on the barrier repair of acetone-induced skin damage in 6 beagle dogs. To confirm the effects of petrolatum and glycerin on acetone disrupted skin models, we performed to evaluate the characteristics of transepidermal water loss and SC hydration and scanning electron microscopic observations. TEWL and SC hydration measurements were carried out 3, 6, 12, 24, 48h after applying petrolatum and glycerin during recovery from acute disruption. Our results showed that there were some different effects between petrolatum and glycerin on the acetone damaged skin such as barrier function repair process and SC hydration status. The results indicate that the significant improvement could be observed in glycerin apply more than petrolatum after acetone damages, and further study will be required.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 2022

In this paper, a study was conducted on encapsulation technology for high mechanical stability of flexible displays. First, unlike conventional encapsulation barrier that exclude cracks as much as possible for low water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), mechanical properties were improved by using a defect suppression mechanism introduced with crack arresters. The zero-stress encapsulation barrier optimizes the residual stress of the thin film based to improve the internal mechanical stability. The zero-stress encapsulation barrier was applied to the organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) to confirm its characteristics and lifetime. Due to improved internal mechanical stability, it has a longer lifetime more than 35% compared to conventional encapsulation technologies. As the zero-stress encapsulation barrier proposed in this study does not require additional deposition process, it is not difficult to apply it. Based on various advantages, it is expected to play an important role in flexible displays.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.710-716
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to observe the movements of Five Mimic-Animal Boxing(FAB) by the "three barrier in the back" of Donguibogam. The subject of this study is observation of the movements of FAB according to practice. The term of training FAB is two years and six months. By the theory of "three barrier in the back" in Donguibogam, we analyzed the movements of FAB. The standard of judgement was the union of the basic point in the arm and leg & the action point in three barrier in the back. The study results were as follows. The movements of FAB operated on the three barrier in the back. The preliminary exercise operated on one, two, trree barrier in the back. And moreover the remainder exercise operated on one, two, trree barrier in the back. The movements of FAB operated on the three barrier in the back for the circulation of vital essence and energy. FAB is the very important Gigong exercise on opening the three barrier in the back.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 1992

The hindered internal rotation effect of methyl group on chemical reaction was studied for cis-trans isomerization reaction of 1-bromopropene system using RRKM technique. A comparative study of the isomerization rates was also performed between the rigid and allowed internal rotations. The calculated rate of rigid cis-trans isomerization of 1-bromopropene was shown to be three times higher than its other halogenated propene homologues with its internal rotations and found to be in good agreement with experimental observations. These findings could be explained reasonably well in terms of the differences of the rotational barrier heights among halogenated propenes and correlated with the relatively low internal rotation barrier of cis-1-bromopropene, 230 cal/mol, compared to those of other cis-1-halopropenes, 700-800 cal/mol, and trans-1-halopropenes, 2.0-2.4 kcal/mol.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.223-237
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• 2017

This study focus on the effect of switching barrier on negative performance. To suggest the negative effect of switching barrier, we reviewed the researches on service-failure and attribution theory. The model which we present in the research study includes the antecedents and consequences of negative emotions(regret, resentment) that caused by switching barriers. The former factors consist of internal attribution and external attribution. The latter factors consist of acceptance, complain, negative word-of-mouth. Survey research is employed to test these hypotheses. Previous researches, such as service marketing, psychology, have been referenced to measure constructs. We collected data involving various service area, and used 189 respondents to analyze these data with LISREL structural modeling. The hypothesized relationships were statistically significant. Internal attribution had positive effect on regret and external attribution had positive effects on resentment. And then regret had significant effects on acceptance and complain behaviour. Also resentment strongly effects on complain behaviour and negative word-of-mouth. We concluded with managerial implications, including the potential to deeper understanding switching barrier.

• Journal of Information Display
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.143-148
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• 2009

The theoretical current density equations for organic semiconductors was derived according to the internal carrier emission equation based on the diffusion model at the Schottky barrier contact and the mobility equation based on the field dependence model, the so-called "Poole-Frenkel mobility model." The electric field becomes constant because of the absence of a space charge effect in the case of a higher injection barrier height and a lower sample thickness, but there is distribution in the electric field because of the space charge effect in the case of a lower injection barrier height and a higher sample thickness. The transition between the injection- and bulk-limited currents was presented according to the Schottky barrier height and the sample thickness change.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.120-125
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• 2014

Use of an apical plug in management of cases with open apices has gained popularity in recent years. Biodentine, a new calcium silicate-based material has recently been introduced as a dentine substitute, whenever original dentine is damaged. This case report describes single visit apexification in a maxillary central incisor with necrotic pulp and open apex using Biodentine as an apical barrier, and a synthetic collagen material as an internal matrix. Following canal cleaning and shaping, calcium hydroxide was placed as an intracanal medicament for 1 mon. This was followed by placement of small piece of absorbable collagen membrane beyond the root apex to serve as matrix. An apical plug of Biodentine of 5 mm thickness was placed against the matrix using pre-fitted hand pluggers. The remainder of canal was back-filled with thermoplasticized gutta-percha and access cavity was restored with composite resin followed by all-ceramic crown. One year follow-up revealed restored aesthetics and function, absence of clinical signs and symptoms, resolution of periapical rarefaction, and a thin layer of calcific tissue formed apical to the Biodentine barrier. The positive clinical outcome in this case is encouraging for the use of Biodentine as an apical plug in single visit apexification procedures.