• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.340-347
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• 2010

DQA, a patient specific quality assurance in tomotherapy, is usually performed using an ion chamber and a film. The result of DQA is analysed with the treatment planning system called Tomo Planning Station (TomoPS). The two-dimensional dose distribution of film measurement is compared with the dose distribution calculated by TomoPS using the ${\gamma}$-index analysis. In ${\gamma}$-index analysis, the criteria such as 3%/3 mm is used and we verify that whether the rate of number of points which pass the criteria (pass rate) is within tolerance. TomoPS does not provide any quantitative information regarding the pass rate. In this work, a method to get the pass rate of the ${\gamma}$-index analysis was suggested and a software PassRT which calculates the pass rate was developed. The results of patient specific QA of the intensity modulated radiation therapy measured with I'mRT MatriXX (IBA Dosimetry, Germany) and DQA of tomotherapy measured with film were used to verify the proposed method. The pass rate was calculated using PassRT and compared with the pass rate calculated by OmniPro I'mRT (IBA Dosimetry, Germany). The average difference between the two pass rates was 0.00% for the MatriXX measurement. The standard deviation and the maximum difference were 0.02% and 0.02%, respectively. For the film measurement, average difference, standard deviation and maximum difference were 0.00%, 0.02% and 0.02%, respectively. For regions of interest smaller than $24.3{\times}16.6cm^2$ the proposed method can be used to calculate the pass rate of the gamma index analysis to one decimal place and will be helpful for the more accurate DQA in tomotherapy.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.41-54
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• 2018

In recent years, as interest in youth startup has increased, the Korean government has established various policies to support young entrepreneurs and actively implements such policies. Especially, as a way to promote youth startup, the development of startup clubs in universities is being suggested, and the importance of startup clubs is growing day by day. As reflected in these points, the Korean government is increasing its budget every year to support the startup clubs of universities, and actively supports the funds and space required for the startup clubs of universities. Unfortunately, however, despite the growing importance of startup clubs and the active support of the government for the startup clubs, academic attempts to see how effectively the startup clubs are operating are not enough. For this reason, this study analyzes the effect of entrepreneurship of university start-up club members on the effectiveness of start-up club. More specifically, in this study, entrepreneurship of club members is classified as risk-taking propensity, proactiveness, and innovativeness, as emphasized in previous researches. We empirically analyzed the effects of these independent variables on the effectiveness of the start-up clubs, focusing on the moderating effect of club members' diversity. We conducted empirical analyses on 1112 start-up club members from 12 universities located in Jeollanam-do and Jeollabuk-do, and the analysis results are as follows. First, the entrepreneurship of the start-up club members, namely risk taking propensity, proactiveness and innovativeness, all have a positive effect on the effectiveness of the start-up club. These results are consistent with the emphasis of many previous studies. The higher the tendency to take risks, the more inclined to move forward through difficulties, and the higher the tendency to break out of the existing framework and pursue new things, suggesting that the effectiveness of the club is enhanced. Second, as a result of verifying the moderating effect of the club members' diversity, it was found that club members' diversity moderates the relationship between the proactiveness of club members and club effectiveness in the negative (-) direction. In other words, the positive effect of the entrepreneurship of club members on the effectiveness of the start-up club means that the proactiveness is weakened in the case of a club having members from different major backgrounds. The results of this study are expected to provide meaningful theoretical and practical implications by identifying the influencing factors of the start-up club's effectiveness, which has not received much attention so far.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.45
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• pp.197-214
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• 2016

Augmented Reality, virtual reality in recently attracted attention throughout the world. and Mix them mixed reality etc., it has had a significant impact on the overall pop culture beyond the scope of science and technology. The world's leading IT company : Google, Apple, Samsung, Microsoft, Sony, LG is focusing on development of AR, VR technology for the public. The many large and small companies developed VR hardware, VR software, VR content. It does not look that makes a human a human operation in the cognitive experience of certain places or situations or invisible through Specific platforms or program is Encompass a common technique that a realization of the virtual space. In particular, out of the three-dimensional image reveals the limitations of the conventional two-dimensional structure - 180, 360 degree images provided by the subjective and objective symptoms such as vision and sense of time and got participants to select it. VR technology that can significantly induce the commitment and participation is Industry as well as to the general public which leads to the attention of colostrum. It was introduced more than 10 related VR works Year 2015 Sundance Film Festival New Frontier program. The appearance VR content : medical, architecture, shopping, movies, animations. Also, 360 individuals can be produced by the camera / video sharing VR is becoming an interactive tunnel between two possible users. Nevertheless, This confusion of values, moral degeneration and the realization of a virtual space that has been pointed out that the inherent. 4K or HUD, location tracking, motion sensors, processing power, and superior 3D graphics, touch, smell, 4D technology, 3D audio technology - It developed more than ever and possible approaches to reality. Thereafter, This is because the moral degeneration, identity, generational conflict, and escapism concerns. Animation is also seeking costs in this category Reality. Despite the similarities rather it has that image, and may be the reason that the animation is pushed back to the VR content creation. However, it is focused on the game and VR technology and the platform that is entertaining, but also seek new points within the animation staying in the flat Given that eventually consist of visual images is clear that VR sought. Finally, What is the reality created in the virtual space using VR technology could be applied to the animation? So it can be seen that the common interest is research on what methods and means applied.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.375-382
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• 2020

As the 4th Industrial Revolution era in worldwide, interest in autonomous vehicles is increasing. but due to recent safety issues such as pedestrian accidents and car accidents, as a technical model for this, the demand for 3D HD maps (High Definition maps) is increasing in including lanes, road markings, road information, traffic lights and traffic signs etc. However, since some complementary points have been continuously raised according to demand, It is necessary to collect the opinions of institutions and companies utilizing HD maps and to improve HD maps. This study was conducted by utilizing the results of the contest for usability verification of HD Maps hosted by the National Geographic Information Institute and organized by the Spatial Information Industry Promotion Institute. For this study, we researched HD maps' layers and codes for HD maps object usability to improve HD maps, constructed HD maps object usability items accordingly, and contested usability verification of HD maps according to the items The contestants conducted verification and analyzed the results. As a result, the most frequently used code for each layer was the flat intersection, and the code showing the highest usage rate was a safety sign. In addition, the use rate of the sub-section and height obstacles was 16.67% and 8.88%, respectively, showing a low ratio. In order to utilize HD maps in the future, this study is expected to require research to continuously collect opinions from customers and improve data objects and data models that are actually needed by customers.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.391-401
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• 2004

3D imaging systems using 2D phased arrays have a large number of active channels, compelling to use a very expensive and bulky beamforming hardware, and suffer from low volume rate because, in principle, at least one ultrasound transmit-receive event is necessary to construct each scanline. A high speed 3D imaging method using a cross array proposed previously to solve the above limitations can implement fast scanning and dynamic focusing in the lateral direction but suffer from low resolution except at the fixed transmit focusing along the elevational direction. To overcome these limitations, we propose a new real-time volumetric imaging method using a cross array based on the synthetic aperture technique. In the proposed method, ultrasound wave is transmitted successively using each elements of an 1D transmit array transducer, one at a time, which is placed along the elevational direction and for each firing, the returning pulse echoes are received using all elements of an 1D receive array transducer placed along the lateral direction. On receive, by employing the conventional dynamic focusing and synthetic aperture method along lateral and elevational directions, respectively, ultrasound waves can be focused effectively at all imaging points. In addition, in the proposed method, a volume of interest consisting of any required number of slice images, can be constructed with the same number of transmit-receive steps as the total number of transmit array elements. Computer simulation results show that the proposed method can provide the same and greatly improved resolutions in the lateral and elevational directions, respectively, compared with the 3D imaging method using a cross array based on the conventional fixed focusing. In the accompanying paper, we will also propose a new real-time 3D imaging method using a cross array for improving transmit power and elevational spatial resolution, which uses linear wave fronts on transmit.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.7-19
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• 2017

Recently, the incidence of disasters and safety incidents is increasing rapidly, and the interest and demands of the people are increasing. In particular, traffic accidents in Korea are decreasing due to the continuous efforts of the government and the local governments, but still higher than the OECD average. In response to such demands of the times, the 'Regional Safety Index', a numerical value that quantifies the level of safety of each local government, is being publicized every year to awaken public awareness. The Regional Safety Index covers seven categories of accidents (traffic accidents, crimes, suicide, infectious diseases, fire, safety accidents, and natural disasters) in local governments. But, this study focuses on the traffic accident area and analyzed. The target local government is Ulju county of Ulsan Metropolitan City. Based on the traffic accident statistical data of Ulju county, the analysis of the traffic accidents and vulnerable points were analyzed. Among them, 3 key improvement districts were selected and 15 vulnerable branches were selected for each key improvement district. Next, we prepared measures for improvement of each accident vulnerable site through analysis of geographic information through traffic data related to traffic accidents and interview with related organizations. In addition, the improvement measures are divided into the structural infrastructure improvement, the institutional improvement, and the traffic safety culture movement from the viewpoint of traffic accident prevention. Finally, the implications of this study are to clarify the duties and roles of the relevant departments in the municipality, based on the implementation schedule of the improvement projects for the prevention of traffic accidents and the budget plan. In addition, it is very important that the participating agencies involved in traffic accidents and the private sector participate in the project.

• 기호학연구
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• no.57
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• pp.7-26
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to interpret the discourse on design thinking through the perspective of Roland Barthes' Mythologies. To this end, this paper will explore the mythologization process of design thinking using the methodological framework of Barthes, which structurally interprets the connotations produced using semiosis. Design thinking originally refers to a method which is used in the process of planning ideas about designs in order to create the final products for professional designs. However, design thinking has recently attracted more interest from the public because it has become known as a tool for solving various problems which exist outside of the field of design, such as social issues, management, and marketing strategies. Barthes points out that myths are used as a tool to deliver ideologies. He also emphasizes the importance of 'structural thinking'. It interprets the inherent connotative meanings more than the denotative meanings, which are explicitly shown. One of the most powerful ideologies which our society embraces today is creativity. Design thinking realizes the manifestation of creativity through a schematized process. This can be explained by considering design thinking as an icon that is specifically turned into a figuration to realize its objectness, in which a discourse for solving issues and social codes meet together and form a mythology. The mythologies that Barthes cites in his book refer to mythical values created by the cultural codes which humans have produced in our modern and contemporary age. The symbolic value of design thinking has become more important than the signifier which design thinking itself presents. This means that design thinking has become a sign that has mythical properties. In other words, the ideology of creativity embodied by design thinking has attained a mythological status, as it produces a new cultural code through innovation. The process of interpreting a phenomenon using the perspective of semiotics is an important tool that allows us to examine the concept of an object and its surroundings thoroughly. This paper attempts to expand the external scope of critical analysis about social phenomena by using the signs which continuously reveal themselves in common ideologies, such as design thinking, which has been gaining more popularity recently.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.82-93
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the results of satisfaction for learning eco-system on the teacher training program conducted at the IS-Geo (International School for Geoscience Resources) which is KIGAM (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources), and to determine the satisfaction and educational effects of the teacher training programs on elementary and secondary teachers. And then, to suggest improvement points in the future operation of the teacher training program at the IS-Geo. Therefore, we conducted questionnaire of satisfaction for learning eco-system based on the data collected by a survey of 98 elementary and secondary teachers who participated in the teacher training program at the IS-Geo, from July 2017 to August 2018. The research results are as follows. First, the results of satisfaction for learning eco-system showed high values of 4.58 or higher in both the elementary and secondary programs, and the teacher training program conducted by the IS-Geo had a positive effect on the training participants. Second, internal factors indicating learning motivation and learning development were elementary teacher training 4.70 and secondary teacher training 4.64, and it is necessary to develop training contents and programs by classifying them into majors other than the earth science department. Third, intermediate factors indicating contents of education and learning curriculum were 4.67 for an elementary teacher training program and 4.72 for secondary teacher training program. In addition, in order to operate the teacher training program according to the purpose of science and technology culture, it is necessary to develop a teaching-learning model and to improve the quality of teaching. Fourth, external factors indicating learner support and quality of instructors were 4.83 for an elementary teacher training program and 4.72 for a secondary teacher training program. In particular, it is necessary to develop teaching materials that can be used immediately in school classes and can generate interest.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.440-449
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• 2019

Purpose: Fire-fighting organizations are the very first agencies that take actions at a disaster scene, and emergency rescue training is carried out for prompt and systematic response. However, there is a need for a change due to the limitations in emergency rescue trainings such as perfunctory trainings or trainings without considering regional or environmental characteristics. Method: This study is to conduct theoretical review with regard to emergency rescue training and present a measure to improve the emergency rescue training through attitude survey targeting fire-fighting organizations in Gangwon area. Result: Facilities that cause difficulties when doing emergency rescue activity were mostly hazardous material storage and processing facilities. In terms of the level of emergency rescue and response task, most respondents answered that the emergency rescue was insufficient. The respondents answered that the effectiveness of emergency rescue training was helpful, but some responses showed that the training was not helpful because of scenario-based training, seeming training, similar training carried out every year, unrealistic training, and lack of competent authorities' interest and perfunctory participations. Most respondents answered for the appropriateness of emergency rescue training and evaluation that they were satisfied, however, they were not satisfied with the evaluation methods irrelevant to the type of training, evaluation methods requiring unnecessary training scale, and evaluation methods leading perfunctory participations of competent authorities. Lastly, respondents mostly answered that training reflecting various damage situations are necessary regarding the demand on the improvement of emergency rescue training. Conclusion: The improvement measures for emergency rescue training are as follows. First, it is necessary to set and prepare various training contents in accordance with regional characteristics by reviewing major disasters occurred in the region. Second, it is necessary to revise the emergency rescue training guidelines and manuals for appropriate training plan for each fire station, provide education and training for working-level staff members, and establish training in a way that types, tactics, and strategies of emergency rescue training could be utilized practically. Third, it is necessary to prepare a scheme that can lead participation and provide incentive or penalty from the planning stage of training in order to increase the participation of supporting and competent authorities when an actual disaster occurs. Fourth, it is necessary to establish support arrangements and cooperative systems by authority through training by fire stations or zones in preparation for disaster situations that may occur simultaneously. Fifth, it is necessary to put emphasis on the training process rather than the result for emergency rescue training and evaluation, pay attention to the identification of supplement points for each disaster situation and make improvements. Especially, type or form of training should be considered rather than evaluating the execution status of detailed processes, and the evaluation measure that can consider the completeness (proficiency) of training and the status of role performance rather than the scale of training should be prepared. Sixth, type and method of training should be improved in accordance with the characteristics of each fire station by identifying the demand of working-level staff members for an efficient emergency rescue training.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.62
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• pp.37-65
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• 2016

This paper is to explain who are the authors of first-half 18th Century private prose YeonHangRok(燕行錄) written in Chinese Character and what are interest-oriented aspects of that books. As objects of study, 3 private prose YeonHangRok(燕行錄) written by No-Ron Jeon -Ju Lee's Family(老論 全州李氏) were chosen. Result of reading articles in their anthology, I found their consciousness about going to Beijing. : They aware of "The importance of YeonHang(燕行)" and when they run a mission, they take an attitude of 'observation and attention' to their experience. With that consciousness of YeonHang(燕行) in common, So-jae(疎齋), Il-am (一菴) and Hanpojae(寒圃齋) wrote their YeonHangRok(燕行錄) that mainly describe their direct experience. So-jae(疎齋) and Hanpojae(寒圃齋)'s categories of descriptions are specialized in 'Public Affairs' and 'mission', Il-am(一菴) has widened to the everyday cultures and people of Other cultures.