• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.31-39
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• 2010

The particle system based on quad mesh has been posed to model cloth. But we need to develop cloth models on triangular meshes because they are widely used. Cloth modeling on triangular mesh is often done in the style of finite element method, which assumes that material is continuous. To preserve the advantages of particle system, e.g. model simplicity and the ease of implementation, even on triangular mesh, this paper proposes a particle system on triangular mesh. The motion of cloth is modeled so that vertices interact with each other via the edges on the triangular mesh. The interactions of vertices are assumed to exist between every adjacent vertex and between every other vertex. The deformation energy due to interaction is constructed based on the theory of elasticity. The contribution of the paper is to implement the advantages of particle system on triangular mesh.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.53-61
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• 2016

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular Apicomplexan parasite and a causative agent of toxoplasmosis in human. It causes encephalitis, uveitis, chorioretinitis, and congenital infection. T. gondii invades the host cell by forming a moving junction (MJ) complex. This complex formation is initiated by intermolecular interactions between the two secretory parasitic proteins-namely, apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) and rhoptry neck protein 2 (RON2) and is critically essential for the host invasion process. By this study, we propose two potential leads, NSC95522 and NSC179676 that can efficiently target the AMA1 hydrophobic cleft, which is a hotspot for targeting MJ complex formation. The proposed leads are the result of an exhaustive conformational search-based virtual screen with multilevel precision scoring of the docking affinities. These two compounds surpassed all the precision levels of docking and also the stringent post docking and cumulative molecular dynamics evaluations. Moreover, the backbone flexibility of hotspot residues in the hydrophobic cleft, which has been previously reported to be essential for accommodative binding of RON2 to AMA1, was also highly perturbed by these compounds. Furthermore, binding free energy calculations of these two compounds also revealed a significant affinity to AMA1. Machine learning approaches also predicted these two compounds to possess more relevant activities. Hence, these two leads, NSC95522 and NSC179676, may prove to be potential inhibitors targeting AMA1-RON2 complex formation towards combating toxoplasmosis.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.553-561
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• 2017

The main motivation for this study was to establish a CFD-based procedure for the analysis of heating characteristics, particularly in industrial furnaces. As certain open-source software packages have gained popularity in dealing with complex industrial problems, the OpenFOAM framework was selected for further development of advanced physical models to meet industrial requirements. In this study, the newly developed comprehensive model was applied to simulate physical processes in the full-scale horizontal furnace of a continuous galvanizing line (CGL). The numerical results obtained indicate that the current approach predicts heating characteristics reasonably well. It was also found that radiative heat transfer plays a dominant role in heating the moving strip. To improve the predictability of our method, further work is required to model the turbulence-chemistry interaction realistically, as well as to impose a physically correct thermal wall boundary condition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.22-27
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• 2016

The use of electromagnetic wave has been interested in various energy industry because it enhances a flame stability and provides higher safety environments. However it might increase the pollutant emissions such as NOx and soot, and have harmful influence on human and environments. Therefore, it is very important to understand interaction mechanism between flame and electromagnetic wave from environmental point of view. In this study, an experiment was performed with jet diffusion flames induced by electromagnetic wave. Microwave was used as representative electromagnetic wave and a flickering flame was introduced to simulate the more similar combustion condition to industry. The results show that the induced microwave enhances the flame stability and blowout limit. The unstable lifted flickering flames under low fuel/oxidizer velocity is changed to stable attached flames or lift-off flames when microwave applied to the flames, which results from the abundance of radical pool. However, NOx emission was increased monotonically with increasing the microwave power as microwave power increased up to 1.0 kW. The effects might be attributed to the heating of combustion field and thermal NOx mechanism will be prevailed. Soot particle was examined at the post flame region by TEM grid. The morphology of soot particle sampled in the microwave induced flames was similar to the incipient soot that is not agglomerated and contain a lots of liquid phase hydrocarbon such as PAH, which soot particle formed near reaction zone is oxidized on the extended yellow flame region and hence only unburned young particles are emitted on the post flame region.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2008

Water waves are generated mainly by winds in open seas and large lakes. They carry a significant amount of energy from winds into near-shore region. Thereby they significantly contribute to the regional hydrodynamics and transport process, producing strong physical, geological and environmental impact on coastal environment and on human activities in the coastal area. Furthermore an accurate prediction of the hydrodynamic effects due to wave interaction with offshore structures is a necessary requirement in the design, protection and operation of such structures. In the present paper surface and internal waves scattering by thin surface-piercing and bottom-standing vertical barriers in a two-layer fluid is analyzed in two-dimensions within the context of linearized theory of water waves. The reflection coefficients for surface and internal waves are computed and analyzed in various cases. It is found that wave reflection is strongly dependent on the interface location and the fluid density ratio apart from the barrier geometry.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.58-63
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• 2013

LNG(Liquefied Natural Gas) has been considered as the green energy. Thus, the demand of natural gas is keep increasing around the world, and various studies are actively under progress about the LNG storage tank. To calculate the seismic forces of actual LNG storage tank, FEM model has to include inner tank, outer tank, pile and soil to implement the interaction between structure and ground. So, this paper is represent the study about inner tank model of three cases using Malhotra method in EN 1998-4(European Standard). The results of calculation were compared, and the most suitable to inner tank model was suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.145-155
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• 2003

In this research, the primary factors affected to the formation of lake current of surface layer and thermal stratification of temperate lake have been analyzed, the daily change of water temperature, relationship with lake current and the research about the elements of meteorological phenomenon have been implemented. As a result, the lake current of surface layer occurring while the period of thermal stratification is showing the proportional difference of water temperature, thermal exchange caused by this has been known as the main energy source, and this is, secondly, considering as the interaction of the wind driven current by the prevailing wind. On the other hand, during the night time when the water surface is cooled, and it is considering as the vertical convection is occurring than horizontal circumfluence. Also, there exists the water mass, which is circumfluent counterclockwise and clockwise direction separately. The prevailing md is rather affected to the moving direction and moving speed of water mass, but it doesn't affect to the whole flowing direction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.29-29
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• 2007

TFT, LCD, OLED, PDP and FED를 비롯한 많은 디스플레이 장치가 개발, 연구되고 있으며, 이러한 디스플레이 장치에 대한 수 많은 application 연구 또한 진행되고 있다. TFT-LCD는 이미 방사선 검출기로서 연구가 오랜전에 연구되어 상용화가 되었으며, LCD는 XLV로서 적용을 위한 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 그 외 수 많은 디스플레이 장치에 대한 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있는 실정이다. PDP는 대면적, 낮은 제작 비용, 높은 contrast의 이점으로 디스플레이 장치로서 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 PDP를 처음으로 방사선 검출기로 적용하기 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 제작된 7 인치 AC-PDP는 다양한 가스종류 및 압력을 가진 300um의 pixel pitch룰 가진 3 전극 구조로서, coplanar readout과 대항형 readout을 통해 신호량을 분석하였다. 결과 50-100Kvp의 진단 영역의 X-ray energy에서 줄은 민감도와 훌륭한 선형성을 보였으며, 가스 종류 및 압력, 신호 검출방식에 따라 각각 다른 특성을 보였다. 이는 PDP 내 X선과의 Interaction, R/O method. Material에 강하게 의존한다.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.375-383
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to assess the inter-segmental trunk motion during which multi-segmental movements of the spinal column was designed to interpret the effect of segmentation on the total measured spine motion. Also it analyzed the relative motion at three types of the spine models in drop landing. A secondary goal was to determine the intrinsic algorithmic errors of spine motion and the usefulness of such an approach as a tool to assess spinal motions. College students in the soccer team were selected the ten males with no history of spine symptoms or injuries. Each subject was given a fifteen minute adaptation period of drop landing on the 30cm height box. Inter-segmental spine motion were collected Vicon Motion Capture System (250 Hz) and synchronized with GRF data (1000 Hz). The result shows that Model III has a more increased range of motion (ROM) than Model I and Model II. And the Lagrange energy has significant difference of at E3 and E4 (p<.05). This study can be concluded that there are differences in the three models of algorithm during the phase of load absorption. Especially, Model III shows proper spine motion for the inter-segmental joint motion with the interaction effects using the seven segments. Model III shows more proper observed values about dynamic equilibrium than Model I & Model II. The findings have shown that the dynamic stability strategy of Model III toward multi-directional spinal motion supports for better function of the inter-segmental motor-control than the Model I and Model II.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.383-393
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• 2007

A simplified model which incorporates the moment-axial tension interaction of the double-span beams in a column-removed steel frame is presented in this paper. To this end, material and geometric nonlinear parametric finite element analyses were conducted for the double-span beams by changing the beam span to depth ratio and the beam size within some practical ranges. The beam span to depth ratio was shown to be the most influential factor governing the catenary action of the double-span beams. Based on the parametric analysis results, a simplified piece-wise linear model which can reasonably describe the vertical resisting force versus the beam chord rotation relationship was proposed. It was also shown that the proposed method can readily be used for the energy-based progressive collapse analysis of steel moment frames.