• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2013

Purpose - This study aims to determine the problems and limitations of the Commercial Area Activation System, which was created by a special law for promoting traditional markets and shopping districts to revitalize and efficiently manage the central commercial area in different regions. We also suggest different options for its improvement. Research design, data, and methodology - We also look into the problems of which is being promoted as a demonstration project, from the aspects of legal text and guidelines. Results - The current commercial area activation system has several problems. First, the establishment of a comprehensive basic plan on the commercial area activation is not a requirement. Second, the benefit principle should be established to prevent the moral laxity of merchants who serve important roles in the main components of the commercial area activation business when they conduct their business. Third, the current special law constrains the commercial management organization, as under the civil law yields a limitation on finding a profitable business model. Fourth, to efficiently, constructing a system that links the other central government businesses and is needed. into a regional development budget or a budget for funding small businesses that the central government can control, which is effective. Further, we offer some suggestions for medium- and long-term policies. First, an integrated coordination mechanism at the central office level should be installed while setting the basic policy to revitalize the Based on this policy, local governments need a system that exclusively based on the after establishing a comprehensive plan for urban regeneration and getting approval from the integration organization. Second, a system that enables an understanding of the problems with business promotion by monitoring the procedure of supporting projects and regularly assessing business achievements is needed. Third, a plan is needed for resolving conflicts between various interested parties that adopts the commercial area activation system for carrying out a total redevelopment of the commercial area where small shops are densely located. A market maintenance project has been conducted as a means to recover our traditional market, which was economically depressed, and to revive the local economy, but it is mostly conducted in the form of reconstruction or redevelopment and represents the interests of landowners and merchants. Thus, it is most likely to lead to a gradual disappearance of traditional markets. Conclusions - This study looks primarily into the problems that appeared in the legal text or the guidelines regarding the direction of improvement of the commercial area activation business that has been going on as a demonstration project since 2011 and suggests some solutions.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.183-200
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• 2017

The classification of airflow patterns during high ozone ($O_3$) and $PM_{10}$ episodes on Jeju Island in recent years (2009-2015), as well as their correlation with meteorological conditions according to classified airflow patterns were investigated in this study. The airflow patterns for $O_3$ and $PM_{10}$ were classified into four types (Types A-D) and three types (Types E-G), respectively, using the HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model and synoptic weather charts. Type A was the most dominant airflow pattern for $O_3$ episodes, being characterized by the transport of airflows from urban and industrial areas in China with the highest frequency (about 69%, with a mean of 67 ppb). With regard to the $PM_{10}$ episodes, Type E was the most dominant airflow pattern, and was mostly associated with long distance transport from Asian dust source regions along northwesterly winds, having the highest frequency (about 92%, with a mean of $136{\mu}g/m^3$). The variations in the concentration of $O_3$ and $PM_{10}$ during the study period were clarified in correlation with two pollutant and meteorological variables; for example, the high (low) $O_3$ and $PM_{10}$ concentrations with high (low) air temperature and/or wind speed and vice versa for precipitation. The contribution of long-range transport to the observed $PM_{10}$ levels in urban sites for different airflow patterns (Types E-F), if estimated in comparison to the data from the Gosan background site, was found to account for approximately 87-93% (on average) of its input. The overall results of the present study suggest that the variations in $O_3$ and $PM_{10}$ concentrations on Jeju Island are mainly influenced by the transport effect, as well as the contribution of local emissions.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.4067-4073
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• 2012

Obesity is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer. Pioglitazone is a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor$receptor{\gamma}$ ($PPAR{\gamma}$) agonist that induces differentiation in adipocytes and induces growth arrest and/or apoptosis in vitro in several cancer cell lines. In the present study, we investigated the effect of pioglitazone on the development of azoxymethane-induced colon aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in KK-$A^{\mathcal{Y}}$ obesity and diabetes model mice, and tried to clarify mechanisms by which the $PPAR{\gamma}$ ligand inhibits ACF development. Administration of 800 ppm pioglitazone reduced the number of colon ACF/mouse to 30% of those in untreated mice and improved hypertrophic changes of adipocytes in KK-$A^{\mathcal{Y}}$ mice with significant reduction of serum triglyceride and insulin levels. Moreover, mRNA levels of adipocytokines, such as leptin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, in the visceral fat were decreased. PCNA immunohistochemistry revealed that pioglitazone treatment suppressed cell proliferation in the colorectal epithelium with elevation of p27 and p53 gene expression. These results suggest that pioglitazone prevented obesity-associated colon carcinogenesis through improvement of dysregulated adipocytokine levels and high serum levels of triglyceride and insulin, and increase of p27 and p53 mRNA levels in the colorectal mucosa. These data indicate that pioglitazone warrants attention as a potential chemopreventive agent against obesity-associated colorectal cancer.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.80-105
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• 1995

Assuming that we introduced integration of medical insurance society for self-employed, this study was conducted to examine effects and results after the integration and to research more effective method for integration. To assess effects and results of the finacial status of 266 insurance societies after intergration, the data were obtained from "The Medical Insurance Program for Self-Employeds Statistical Yearbook in 1992". The major finding are as follows : 1. Three alternative integration proposals were made. First alternative proposal was consisted of 232 medical insurance societies, second was 187, and third was 115. 2. As the results of average number of the insured per insurance societies of medical insurance program for self-employed every alternative proposal, first was 88, 119 persons, second was 108, 576, and third was 178, 967 from 76, 576 persons of present socienties. 3. It was true that the more average size of societies increased, the more average administration expenditure per 1, 000 insured reduced. 4. The average size of societies grew bigger, the rate of general expenditure to general revenue more improved. Also, the rate of benefits to contributions was changed for better. But if not to have had correct analysis and precise preparation for integration, effects and results of integration were always not optiized. 5. According to results of simple regression formulas, it was proved that the more the average size of societies was increased, the more result was advantaged. 6. The law of majority and the economy of scale were applied in this study, and it was necessary to analyze and assess effectiveness and efficiency of integration. Therefore, when the integration of medical insurance societies for self-employeds will be performed, it must be taken into consideration. Among three alternative proposals, third was showed more effective alternative than anothe, second was presented more ineffective result than present system. To achieve more effective and efficient integration of regional medical insurance societies throughout the result of the regression formula on present cost curve, it is necessary to operate well-integrated societies and to know appropriative countermeasures of present situation of each societies. Also, for integrating regional medical insurance societies, it is necessary to continue more deep research through practical model activity and to investigate the effective size and managed method of the societies.societies.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

Objectives : This paper serves to explore current trends of systems biology in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and examine how it may influence the Traditional Korean medicine. Methods : Literature review method was collectively used to classify Introduction to systems biology, diagnosis and syndrome classification of systems biology in TCM perspective, physiotherapy including acupuncture, herbs and formula functions, TCM systems biology, and directions of academic development. Results : The term 'Systems biology' is coined as a combination of systems science and biology. It is a field of study that tries to understand living organism by establishing a theory based on an ideal model that analyzes and predicts the desired output with understanding of interrelationships and dynamics between variables. Systems biology has an integrated and multi-dimensional nature that observes the interaction among the elements constructing the network. The current state of systems biology in TCM is categorized into 4 parts: diagnosis and syndrome, physical therapy, herbs and formulas and academic development of TCM systems biology and its technology. Diagnosis and syndrome field is focusing on developing TCM into personalized medicine by clarifying Kidney yin deficiency patterns and metabolic differences among five patterns of diabetes and analyzing plasma metabolism and biomarkers of coronary heart disease patients. In the field of physical therapy such as acupuncture and moxibustion, researchers discovered the effect of stimulating acupoint ST40 on gene expression and the effects of acupuncture on treating functional dyspepsia and acute ischemic stroke. Herbs and formulas were analyzed with TCM network pharmacology. The therapeutic mechanisms of Si Wu Tang and its series formulas are explained by identifying potential active substances, targets and mechanism of action, including metabolic pathways of amino acid and fatty acid. For the academic development of TCM systems biology and its technology, it is necessary to integrate massive database, integrate pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, as well as systems biology. It is also essential to establish a platform to maximize herbal treatment through accumulation of research data and diseases-specific, or drug-specific network combined with clinical experiences, and identify functions and roles of molecules in herbs and conduct animal-based studies within TCM frame. So far, few literature reviews exist for systems biology in traditional Korean medicine and they merely re-examine known efficacies of simple substances, herbs and formulas. For the future, it is necessary to identify specific mechanisms of working agents and targets to maximize the effects of traditional medicine modalities. Conclusions : Systems biology is widely accepted and studied in TCM and already advanced into a field known as 'TCM systems biology', which calls for the study of incorporating TCM and systems biology. It is time for traditional Korean medicine to acknowledge the importance of systems biology and present scientific basis of traditional medicine and establish the principles of diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases. By doing so, traditional Korean medicine would be innovated and further developed into a personalized medicine.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권11A호
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• pp.1027-1034
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• 2005

수십 센터미터 이내의 오차를 만족시키는 거리/위치인식 기능 및 저속 데이터 송수신 기능 구현을 주목적으로 발족된 저속 WPAN(LR-WPAN: Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Network)의 표준화 그룹인 IEEE802.15.4a에서는 간단하고 경제적이며 전력 소모가 적은 송수신기 구조를 요구한다. 이에 본 논문에서는 PEWB(Parallel Energy Window Banks)를 이용한 독창적인 비동기 OOK(On-Off Keying) 방식 UWB(Ultra-Wide Band) 송수신기 구조를 제안한다. 또한 무선 다중경로 페이딩 채널 상황을 다소 극복할 수 있게 유연성 있는 운영이 가능한 송수신기 구조를 위해 펄스 및 비트 반복 기법을 사용한다. 제안된 송수신기 구조의 잡음 특성 분석을 위해 chi-square 분포가 적용되며, 반복적 계산을 통해 얻어진 최적임계값을 적용하며 비트오율 성능을 분석한다. 모의실험 결과, 10-5의 비트오율을 얻기 위한 신호대잡음비 및 수신에너지 적분시간은, LOS(Line-Of-Sight) 주거 환경의 경우 15.3dB, 32ns이고, NLOS(Non-Line-Of-Sight) 실외 환경의 경우 16.2dB, 72ns이다. 최소의 비트오율을 얻기 위한 적분에너지 대 전체 수신에너지 비는 약 $86\%$이다.

• 산학경영연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.89-110
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• 2004

본 연구는 창업의지의 결정요인으로서 개인특성요인과 환경요인의 효과를 살펴보았다. 개인특성요인으로서는 개인의 경력지향성과 창업에 대한 자기유능성을 살펴보았으며, 환경요인으로서는 개인적 환경요인인 사회적 지원세력과 성공적 역할모델, 그리고 사회적 환경요인인 기업가에 대한 사회적인식을 살펴보았다. 경영학 전공의 대학생과 같은 전공의 졸업생을 대상으로 설문을 통해 자료를 수집하였으며, 각각 208명과 81명의 자료가 최종 분석에 사용되었다. 분석결과, 경력지향성은 대체적으로 창업의지에 영향을 주었다. 구체적으로, 사업지향성은 창업의지에 긍정적인 영향을 주었으며, 안정지향성은 한계적으로 부정적인 영향을 주었다. 그러나 자율지향성은 기대와는 달리 유의한 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 창업에 대한 자기유능성은 창업의지에 가장 크게 긍정적인 영향을 주는 요인이었다. 개인적 환경요인인 사회적 지원과 성공적 역할모델은 응답자들로부터 구분된 변수로 인식되지 못하여, '네트워크 환경'이라는 새로운 변수로 통합하여 분석하였는데, 네트워크 환경은 창업의지에 긍정적 영향을 주었다. 그러나 사회적 환경요인인 기업가에 대한 사회적 인식은 창업의지에 유의한 영향을 주지 못하였다. 마지막으로, 경력지향성, 자기유능성, 네트워크 환경에 대한 본 연구의 결과가 창업을 활성화하기 위한 방안에 시사하는 바가 제시되었다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2017

Emergencies and disasters can happen any time without any warning, and things can change and escalate very quickly, and often it is swift and decisive actions that make all the difference. It is a responsibility of the building facility management to ensure that a proven evacuation plan in place to cover various worst scenario to handled automatically inside the facility. To mapping out optimal safe escape routes is a straightforward undertaking, but does not necessarily guarantee residents the highest level of protection. The emergency evacuation navigation approach is a state-of-the-art that designed to evacuate human livings during an emergencies based on real-time decisions using live sensory data with pre-defined optimum path finding algorithm. The poor decision on causalities and guidance may apparently end the evacuation process and cannot then be remedied. This paper propose a cloud connected emergency evacuation system model to react dynamically to changes in the environment in emergency for safest emergency evacuation using IoT based emergency exit sign system. In the previous researches shows that the performance of optimal routing algorithms for evacuation purposes are more sensitive to the initial distribution of evacuees, the occupancy levels, and the type and level of emergency situations. The heuristic-based evacuees routing algorithms have a problem with the choice of certain parameters which causes evacuation process in real-time. Therefore, this paper proposes an evacuee routing algorithm that optimizes evacuation by making using high computational power of cloud servers. The proposed algorithm is evaluated via a cloud-based simulator with different "simulated casualties" are then re-routed using a Dijkstra's algorithm to obtain new safe emergency evacuation paths against guiding evacuees with a predetermined routing algorithm for them to emergency exits. The performance of proposed approach can be iterated as long as corrective action is still possible and give safe evacuation paths and dynamically configure the emergency exit signs to react for real-time instantaneous safe evacuation guidance.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.67-90
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• 2005

본 연구는 저출산과 관련된 요인을 고찰하기 위해 인구학적 요인, 사회경제적 요인, 그리고 가치관적 요인으로 나누어 이들의 영향력을 분석하고 사회복지적 함의를 찾고자 하였다. 분석 결과 첫째, 현재 자녀수에 영향을 미치는 요인은 인구학적 변수 중에서는 결혼기간이, 사회경제적 변수 중에서는 소득수준이, 가치관 변수 중에서는 자녀의 필요성이 결정요인이었다. 둘째, 향후 출산 여부를 결정하는 요인은 인구학적 변수 중 결혼기간과 현재 자녀수, 그리고 첫 자녀의 성별이었고, 사회경제적 변수 중에서는 소득수준, 가치관 변수 중에서는 결혼의 필요성과 남아선호, 자녀에 대한 대리성취욕구 등이었다. 셋째, 자녀 출산을 연기하는 주요 요인은 자녀보육비 및 교육비 부담, 자녀를 안심하고 맡길 곳이 없음 등이었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 본 연구는 저출산 극복을 위한 사회복지적 측면에서 출산환경 조성의 중요성을 제기하며, 또한 인구정책을 비롯한 여성정책, 가족정책, 보육정책, 교육정책, 고용정책 등이 통합된 형태로 이루어지는 인구복지정책 개발의 필요성을 제기한다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.635-643
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• 2014

현재 우리나라의 지하수 개발가능량은 10년빈도 갈수시 함양량으로 결정되며 일정면적 이상의 수문학적 유역 또는 행정구역별로 넓게 구분되어 있어 소규모 유역의 지하수 영향평가에 적용하기가 어려운 면이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 셀기반의 지하수 개발가능량을 추정하는 새로운 기법을 경주지역에 대해 제시하였다. 이를 위해 지표수-지하수 통합 수문해석 모형인 SWAT-MODFLOW를 이용하여 셀기반 지하수 함양량을 산정하였다. 지하수 개발가능량을 결정하는 기준은 10년빈도 갈수시 강수량에 함양계수를 곱하여 추정하는 기존방식을 준용했다. 격자별 개발가능량을 산정한 후에는 목적에 따라 경주지역에서 143개로 세분화된 소유역별, 읍면리등 행정구역별로 개발가능량을 제시할 수 있었다. 지하수 이용량과 개발가능량을 연계하여 분석한 결과 경주시 전체 이용율은 평균 24%의 비교적 양호한 이용률을 보였으나 지역적으로는 7.1~108.8%까지 편차가 큰 이용현황을 보이는 것을 쉽게 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 임의의 시군구에서 지역별 추가 개발가능량도 평가할 수 있어 그 활용성이 기대된다.