• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.142-152
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• 2001

This study examined all the papers published in the Journal of Occupational Health Nursing from 1991 to May 2000 based on an objective frame of evaluation. The purpose of study is to prospect the trend of occupational nursing research and to provide an optimal direction for future occupational nursing service. The results of total 94 studies were analyzed as follows. 1. The number of papers published in 1991-1992, 1993-1995, 1996-1997 was not significantly increased. However, the number of papers were obviously increased after 1998. 2. In the design of research, survey studies were definitely dominant. But, they are gradually decreasing and experimental studies are increasing. 3. In the fields of research, health problems, health risk factors and health awareness were higher than others. Occupational health nurse's task and job satisfaction were main areas of research until the middle of 1990's. However, after then, not only health problem, risk factor and awareness of health but also health promotion and preventive health behavior are increasing in the research areas. 4. The collaborative researches have gradually increased and the type of author has been varied. The number of researches completed by funds was undertaking only 3 among the total 94. 5. In the research analysis, except for case studies and literature studies, the research subjects have been shifted from the occupational health nurses to the industrial workers, and more diversified. The sample size has been enlarged and the major place of the study is industry. The questionnaire was used in many studies as instrument for data collection and measurement. But, complementary methods of diverse instruments have been increased. The method of data analysis has obviously showed some changes moving from descriptive statistics to inferential and advanced statistics. 6. The ways of nursing intervention have prominently diversified in experimental studies. The contents of case studies were mainly focused on the health management programs and activities in industry. The research concepts and the contents of literature study were also changed progressively in various way. Based on the above findings, conclusions are extended to the following discussion: Since the Korean Academic Society of Occupational Health Nursing was instituted in 1990, the researches of occupational health nursing have shown an acute methodological development in both quantity and quality. However, they were considered still in the lack of research verifying the effects of nursing intervention program. Also, the development of nursing intervention and nursing theory lacked. Therefore, more empirical researches are strongly needed to utilize the field of occupational health nursing in Korea Researchers are also encouraged to exert more efforts to get research funds.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.1520-1532
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• 2020

Objective: Due to rapid economic return, mixed crop-swine farming systems in Korea have become more intensive. Intensive farming practices often cause nutrient surpluses and lead to environmental pollution. Nutrient budgets can be used to evaluate the environmental impact and as a regulatory policy instrument for nutrient management. This study was conducted to select a nutrient budgeting approach applicable to the mixed crop-swine farms in Korea and suggest an effective manure treatment method to reduce on-farm nutrient production. Methods: In this study, we compared current and ideal gross nutrient balance (GNB) approaches of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and soil system budget (SSB) approach with reference to on-farm manure treatment processes. Data obtained from farm census and published literature were used to develop the farm nutrient budgets. Results: The average nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) surpluses were approximately 11 times and over 7 times respectively higher in the GNB approaches than the SSB. After solid-liquid separation of manure, during liquid composting a change in aeration method from intermittent to continuous reduced the N and P loading about 50% and 47%, respectively. Although changing in solid composting method from turning only to turning+aeration improved the N removal efficiency by 30.5%, not much improvement in P removal efficiency was observed. Conclusion: Although the GNB approaches depict the impact of nutrients produced in the mixed crop-swine farms on the overall agricultural environment, the SSB approach shows the partitioning among different nutrient loss pathways and storage of nutrients within the soil system; thus, can help design sustainable nutrient management plans for the mixed cropswine farms. The study also suggests that continuous aeration for liquid composting and turning+aeration for solid composting can reduce nutrient loading to the soil.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.65-76
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• 2015

Purpose - This article aims to present and test a model regarding franchisors' supporting activities that may positively influence franchisees' attitude toward the franchising headquarter and their own business performance. Moreover, the authors examine the moderating effect of competitive intensity between franchisee attitude and business performance. Most previous research focused on behavioral performance measurements such as satisfaction, trust, and commitment. There are few empirical studies that focus on financial performance data because it is difficult to determine a relational mechanism between behavioral and financial performance. Moreover, financial data is confidential and difficult to collect in many cases. However, this study measures financial performance (e.g., sales revenue per square meter) differently than most previous research, which is mostly focused on the behavioral performance measurements. Research design, data, and methodology - To test our hypotheses, we selected 137 franchisee managers who are running chains of one of the foremost bakery franchise brands in South Korea. This study carefully investigated the reliability, content validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the proposed instrument by analyzing the data obtained from the samples. The data was analyzed using the AMOS structural equation modeling program. Results - The results indicated that: non-financial support activities (e.g., information exchange and communication) had a positive impact on the franchisee attitude toward the franchising headquarter. The franchisee attitude in turn had a positive effect on the headquarters' business performance. Furthermore, competitive intensity could enhance the relationship between franchisee attitude toward franchising headquarter and business performance in a local franchise market. However, financial support activities (e.g., rewards and promotional support) and training had no relationship with either franchisee attitude or business performance. Conclusions - This study provides some practical implications to franchisors in terms of franchise operation and store opening strategies. With respect to the franchise operation strategy, franchisors need to focus on non-financial rather than financial support. Most franchisees consider the necessity of financial support activities and not their sufficiency because these activities are specified in their franchise contract. In addition, it is important for franchisees to maintain a positive attitude for the franchise headquarters. The franchisees with a positive attitude for the franchisor can show a high degree of solidarity for various support activities, and it consequently determines franchisees' sales performance. In terms of franchise store opening strategy, this study suggests an additional criterion that can be considered in determining the location of direct and non-direct management stores (e.g., franchisees' stores). In this research, franchise stores located within high level of competitive intensity are shown to have a high relationship between franchisee attitudes of franchisor support activities and business performance compared to the franchisees located within low competitive intensity level. This result shows that opening non-direct franchise stores is more effective than direct stores in higher competitive market situations. Research contribution, implications, and further research directions are discussed at the end of the paper.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.246-255
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 고등학교 학생들을 위한 피임교육 프로그램을 개발하고, 개발된 프로그램의 효과를 검증하는 것이다. 본 연구를 위해 비동동성대조군 전후설계를 적용한 유시실험 연구가 실시되었다. 실험군에게는 고등학교 학생들을 위해 개발된 피임교육 프로그램을 적용하였다. 실험중재가 완료된 후에는 대조군에게 유인물과 비디오 교육이 제공되었다. 본 연구를 위한 대상자는 U 시에 있는 두 개의 고등학교에 재학중인 3학년 학생으로 총 146명이었다. 수집되어진 자료는 PASW 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, ${\chi}^2$-검정, t-검정, 일변량 분산분석으로 분석되었다. 고등학생을 위한 피임교육 프로그램에 대한 내용 타당도는 0.93점이었고, 교육지도에 대한 타당도는 4점 이상이었다. 실험군에서 피임교육지식(F=56.71, p<.001), 피임 태도(F=4.31, p=.018)와 피임 자기효능감(F=8.15, p<.001)이 통계학적으로 유의하게 증가되었다. 이러한 결과는 고등학생을 위해 개발된 피임교육 프로그램이 학생들의 피임 지식, 피임 태도와 피임 자기효능감을 효과적으로 증가시켰음을 나타낸다. 향후 연구에서는 개발된 피임교육 프로그램의 장기적인 효과를 확인하는 연구가 수행되기를 제언한다.

• 복식
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• 제22권
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• pp.159-176
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• 1994

This study's purpose is to find the ancient costume of the folk song's words on Dunhuang manuscripts in the background wass-carvings sculptures and several art works. Dunhuang had played the part of major route between ancient China and Europe. It is located on kam-suksong the west of China. 1. In the aspect of costume arrangement hair Styling is represented by Naegagyo, Wangyesa, Kyongburak, Bonkwyun, Pogurak, Chonsonja, Namgaja, Tongson-ga, Ojesa, Chanboja in Dunhuang manuscripts. tugue is sim-ilar to Sabyokkwanja in Naegagyo as of that time these kinds of Kwan-ja was very popular. It was told that emperor's wife concubine and maid of honor would wear kwnaja favorably. And the kinds of Tugeu is PuyongKwyunkye, Aangunkye, Chunkye from Kyuwanjon except Sangunkye, Ounkye in Dunhuangsa. 2. Jangdaegy is guoted from Kyuw-anjon -A series of the chinese history book-tells us about women's make-up . The narmes of make-up are Hongjang Unjan--g, Yiljang chwejang, Tam-ajang Murgjang, Sanagjang, Light-make up are referred in Naegagyo is included as packjang Besides we can find other make-up skills Huphwaro and Rujang from the Kaewonch onbon-wisa which was Yangkwibi's episodes. We can find the a corpus of song's words about cosmetic custom in Kor-ea. Which is 'Haecho' folk song in the souther-en costal regions 'Jinggum' folk song in Kim-hae regions and so on.... It's words is similar to Dunhuangsa in China. 3. Bichun inherited to China with India Bud-dism art in the middle of Dunhuang wall-pain-tings is one of the important Buddist saint. Sometimes it is painted with Giakchun Its arms of fly-dnacing in heaven with colored belt on body has almost the form of play on the musical instrument, We can see seasily the form in the painting of Buddist ser-mon. It was progressed and changed with the background of chinese traditional culture. When Dang's period came the color was chan-ged lighting dark blue has rhythmical and viv-id power of life. 4. Among the corpus of song's words which express the singers' system and rites of their tradition or habits. Dunhuang manuscripts des-cribes on behalf of the folk song's words in tra-ditional costume. This is following: (1) Naegagyo o sabyokwanja o Chyrasam o Rashang (2) Wangyesa o Sokryugun o Costume for fisher man (3) Bungajang of the chanboja o Ajang (4) Pongkwyun o Chongui (5) Tongsongs o Junofore (6) Namgaja o thin-Rasam (7) Yuchungnang o Hongsam o Sokryugun : The color of red costume (8) Kyongburak o Hongrasam o Sokryugun : Costume for charming woman Therefore traditional costume could be extracted according to the Dunhuang folk song's words out of culture such as learning rit-es three-obedience four-virtues and in-struction. As the same time it reflects ancient China's characteristics directly. I would endeavor to development for the history of the costume furher creative design and participat-ed in research activity with concerns forward continuously.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.254-263
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• 2012

본 연구는 일 대학병원 간호사 303명을 대상으로 암성통증관리에 대한 지식과 태도를 알아보고 통증 관리 교육을 위한 기초자료로 활용하기 위한 조사연구로 진행되었다. 연구 도구는 일반적 특성과 통증의 지식과 태도와 관련한 107문항으로 구성되었고 수집된 자료는 SPSS WIN 18.0을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 통증에 대한 일반적 지식의 정답률은 79.6%, 암성 통증 지식 점수의 정답률은 82.2%로 나타났고, 진통제 사용에 대한 지식의 정답률은 55.6%, 통증관리에 대한 태도의 정답률은 65.2%, 통증관리에 대한 지식과 태도의 전체 정답률은 70.7%로 나타났다. 일반적 특성에 따른 진통제 사용에 대한 지식은 연령, 교육정도, 직위, 총 근무경력, 현 근무지, 현 근무처 경력, 통증교육 경험에서 유의한 차이가 있었고 통증관리에 대한 태도는 성별, 교육정도, 현 근무지에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 결론적으로 환자의 통증을 관리해야 하는 간호사의 통증과 관련한 항목별 지식과 태도의 평균점수가 높지 않음을 알 수 있고 대부분 통증 중재 방법으로는 진통제 투여에 의존하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 간호사의 암성통증관리에 대한 지식과 태도를 향상시키기 위해 실무에 적용 가능한 교육 프로그램의 개발이 필요하고 개발된 교육 프로그램을 적용하여 임상간호사의 통증관리에 대한 지식과 태도의 변화를 반복 연구할 필요가 있다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.2898-2907
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• 2013

본 연구는 간호사례 일례를 중심으로 창의적 사고훈련 프로그램을 개발하고, 이를 간호사에게 적용하였을 때 효과가 있는지를 살펴보기 위해 시도되었다. 일 4년제 대학교 간호학과 학사학위 특별과정에 재학 중인 간호사 35명을 실험군, 그리고 38명을 대조군으로 하여, 개발된 창의적 사고훈련 프로그램을 시행하였고, 시행 전과 후 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였으며, SPSS21.0을 사용하여 분석하였다. 창의적 사고훈련 프로그램은 심장질환 환자 간호사례를 중심으로 수행과제 7가지로 구성된 2주차 총 5시간 과정으로 개발하였다. 창의적 사고훈련을 받은 실험군이 대조군에 비해 창의적 사고력(t=3.62, p=.01)이 유의하게 향상되었으며, 창의적 능력 중 유창성(t=3.00, p=.004), 융통성(t=2.83, p=.01), 그리고 정교성(t=2.75, p=.01)이 유의하게 높아졌다. 창의적 성향도 실험군이 대조군보다 창의적 사고훈련을 받고 난 다음에 유의하게 향상되었고(t=2.91, p=.01), 창의적 성향 중 호기심(t=2.44, p=.02)과 집요성(t=3.54, p=.001)에서 효과가 있었다.

• 감성과학
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2009

기존의 전문성 연구들은 참가자들에게 일상적인 과제를 수행하게 함으로써 전문가와 초보자들의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 하지만, 본 연구는 일상적 비행 상황에 익숙해진 조종사들이 이전에 경험해보지 못한 새로운 비행 상황에서도 유연하게 대처할 수 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 즉, 조종사의 숙련정도에 따라 정상적 및 비정상적 상황에서의 상황인식 능력이 차이가 나는지 관찰하였고 추가적으로, 전문성이 자극 제시 시간에 따른 수행변화에 영향을 주는지 알아보았다. 이를 위해 42명의 조종사들을 전문성의 정도에 따라 초보자와 전문가 집단으로 나누고 이들의 수행이 상황의 특수성 및 자극 제시 시간에 따라 어떻게 달라지는지 알아보았다. 연구를 위하여 조종실 계기판을 모방한 동영상이 제작되었는데, 동영상에 보여지는 계기판들이 모두 정상으로 움직이는 정상적 상황과 이들 중 하나의 계기가 오작동을 일으키는 비정상 상황이 연출되었다. 또한 상황을 지각하기 위한 시간의 차이가 전문성에 따라 다른 효과를 가져오는지 살펴보기 위해서 계기판 상황이 오랫동안 제시되는 긴 제시 조건과 상대적으로 짧게 제시되는 조건으로 조작되었다. 실험 결과, 정상적인 상황에서는 초보자와 전문가 집단 사이의 상황 인식이 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 비정상적인 상황에서는 전문가 집단의 상황인식이 초보자 집단보다 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 비행 상황의 제시 시간이 짧아졌을 때 조종사들의 전반적인 상황인식 정확도가 떨어졌지만, 전문가와 초보자의 수행차이는 변함없이 초보자 집단에 비해 전문가 집단의 높은 수행이 유지되었다. 비행 상황의 특수성과 제시 시간의 상호작용에 따라 초보자와 전문가의 상황인식은 어떻게 달라지는지 보았을 때, 비행 상황의 제시 시간이 길고 짧음에 관계없이 정상적 상황에서는 초보자와 전문가 집단의 상황인식 차이가 나타나지 않았으나, 비정상적 상황에서는 전문가 집단의 상황인식 정확도가 초보자 집단 보다 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 전반적으로 볼 때, 비정상적 상황은 전문가 집단의 수행에 미치는 영향에는 큰 영향을 미치니 못하나 초보자 집단의 수행에는 현저한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.243-244
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• 2013

Over the past 15 years, several groups have incorporated radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) based instruments before the accelerator in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) systems for ion-gas interactions at low kinetic energy (＜40 eV). Most AMS systems arebased on a tandem accelerator, which requires negative ions at injection. Typically, AMS sensitivity abundance ratios for radioactive-to-stable isotope are limited to Xr/Xs ＞10^-15, and the range of isotopes that can be analyzed is limited because of theneed to produce rather large negative ion beams and the presence of atomic isobaric interferences after stripping. The potential of using low-kinetic energy ion-gas interactions for isobar suppression before the accelerator has been demonstrated for several negative ion isobar systems with a prototype RFQ system incorporated into the AMS system at IsoTrace Laboratory, Canada (Ontario, Toronto). Requisite for any such RFQ system applied to very rare isotope analysis is large transmission of the analyte ion. This requires proper phase-space matching between the RFQ acceptance and the ion beam phase space (e.g. 35 keV, ${\varphi}3mm$, +-35 mrad), and the ability to control the average ion energy during interactions with the gas. A segmented RFQ instrument is currently being designed at Korea Institute for Science and Technology (한국과학기술연구원, KIST). It will consist of: a) an initial static voltage electrode deceleration region, to lower the ion energy from 35 keV down to ＜40 eV at injection into the first RFQ segment; b) the segmented quadrupole ion-gas interaction region; c) a static voltage electrode re-acceleration region for ion injection into a tandem accelerator. Design considerations and modeling will be discussed. This system should greatly lower the detection limits of the 6 MV AMS system currently being commissioned at KIST. As an example, current detection sensitivity of 41Ca/Ca is limited to the order of 10^-15 while the 41Ca/Ca abundance in modern samples is typically 41Ca/Ca~10^-14 - 10^-15. The major atomic isobaric interference in AMS is 41K. Proof-of-principal work at IsoTrace Lab. has demonstrated that a properly designed system can achieve a relative suppression of KF3-/41CaF3- ＞4 orders of magnitude while maintaining very high transmission of the 41CaF3- ion. This would lower the 41Ca detection limits of the KIST AMS system to at least 41Ca/Ca~10^-19. As Ca is found in bones and shells, this would potentially allow direct dating of valuable anthropological archives and archives relevant to our understanding of the most pronounced climate change events over the past million years that cannot be directly dated with the presently accessible isotopes.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.191-197
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• 2017

한국원자력연구원은 IAEA에서 권고하고 있는 안전조치기반설계(SBD)에 입각하여 파이로 안전조치 기술을 개발하고 있다. 한국원자력연구원은 파이로 안전조치접근방안 개발을 위한 IAEA 회원국지원프로그램(MSSP)을 수행하였다. IAEA 회원국 지원프로그램을 통하여 기준파이로시설(REPF) 개념을 설계하고, 이 시설에 대한 안전조치시스템을 개발하였다. 최근에 기준파이로시설은 용량이 증대된 REPF+로 업데이트 되고 있다. 핵물질계량관리시스템 성능평가를 위하여 전산코드 PYMUS를 개발하였으며, PYMUS는 전용탐지획률 통계평가 방안을 포함하여 업그레이드하고 있다. 파이로 입력물질 계량을 위한 비파괴분석장비로 ASNC가 개발되고 있으며, 파이로 출력물질인 U/TRU 잉곳을 계량하기위한 비파괴분석장비로 HIPAI가 개발되고 있다. 또한 컴프톤 억제 감마선분광기술, LIBS 기술, 균질화 공정의 샘플링 오차에 대한 평가도 진행 중이다. 이러한 노력들은 국내에서 선진핵주기기술 실현에 크게 기여할 것이다.