• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.19-34
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• 2021

Many survivors of sexual violence disclose their experience to others. When they receive negative social reactions, this can be a traumatic event for the survivor where their trust towards others is violated and can cause posttraumatic cognitions and depression. Likewise, institutional betrayal, or negative reactions from trusted institutions regarding the disclosure of sexual victimization can be a traumatic event for the survivor and is associated with depression as well. However, studies investigating the mechanism underlying the relationship between institutional betrayal and depression is yet limited. Therefore, based on cognitive behavioral theory (CBT), which is known as the most effective approach to date for understanding and treating posttraumatic symptoms, this study examined if posttraumatic cognitions mediate the relationship between institutional betrayal and depression. Questionnaires were administered to 462 women who had experienced institutional betrayal to their sexual victimization. Results showed that institutional betrayal had an effect on depression only through negative cognitions about the self and world. This suggests the importance of identifying and treating trauma-related cognitions in order to prevent or cure depression of those who had experienced institutional betrayal to their sexual victimization. Limitations and implications of this study are also discussed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2017

This paper explores the impact of corporate control, measured by ownership structure, on top-executives' compensation in Japan. According to agency theory, the pay-performance link is expected to be affected by the firm's ownership structure. Using a sample of 4,411 firm-year observations (401 firms for the 11-years period from 2001 to 2011) for Japanese non-financial firms publicly traded on the first section and second section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE), this study demonstrates that institutional ownership (both financial and corporate) is negatively related to the level of executives' compensation. Such finding is in line with efficient monitoring hypothesis which claims that the presence of institutional shareholders provides direct monitoring over managers, limits managerial self-dealing and curves the increase in top-executives pay. On the other hand, the results also show that managerial ownership is positively related to their compensation which supports managerial power theory hypothesis, i.e. management-controlled firms are more likely to extract more compensation from the business than other firms. Overall, this study confirms that corporate control has significant impact on cash compensation paid to Japanese top-executives after controlling the conventional pay-performance relationship.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.562-574
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• 2003

This study examines the emerging global city-regions theory and suggests its implications for regional development policy in Korea. Global city-regions defined as an economic and political organization of metropolitan regions or a new scale of urban organization with polycentric structure, is appreciated as a new regionalist model of development in the globalization era. In Korea, the application of global city-regions model is required particularly for strengthening the international competitiveness of metropolitan areas except the capital region including Seoul, and resolving inequalities between the capital region and non-capital regions. However, Institutional revolution including consolidation of Shi(metropolitan area) and Do(province), and devolution should be preceded above all things to develop metropolitan cities such as Busan, Daegu, Gwangju, and Daejeon toward global city-regions.

• International Area Studies Review
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.61-78
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• 2018

Foreign subsidiary operation modes can be broadly divided into horizontal subsidiaries and vertical subsidiaries. According to institutional theory, foreign subsidiary operation mode differs depending on the host country institution. This study examines the effects of formal and informal institution on the foreign subsidiary operational mode of Korean firms. As a result of the empirical analysis, the higher the cultural distance and the lower political risks, the more favored the vertical foreign operation mode than the horizontal foreign operation mode. On the other hand, the higher the economic freedom and the lower corruption, the more favored the horizontal foreign operation mode than the vertical foreign operation mode.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권8호
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• pp.453-463
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• 2021

The current study aims to investigate the relationship between CSRD and firm performance, as an indicator for corporate socially responsible behavior, and corporate market performance of listed companies on the Amman stock exchange (ASE). The study adopts a quantitative methodology and utilizes pooled data sets that was collected following content analysis approach of the annual reports for the period 2014 to 2019. The study sample consists of 42 listed companies. The study ran a multiple regression model in order to capture the relationship between the independent variable CSRD and the dependent variable that is Firm performance which was measured using Tobin's Q. The study also utilized five control variables in order to control the hypothesized relationship between CSRD and Firm Performance. The results indicate a negative but significant relationship between CSRD and corporate market performance measured by Tobin's Q. The results stand against the notion of the business case for CSR, and indicate the opposite position, so, the higher CSRD, the lower will be Tobin's Q. Such results support the notion of the institutional theory, and provide an initial evidence for legitimacy seeking behavior in Jordanian companies. However, the results indicate a lower level of awareness of CSR across investors and market players, which support arguments of the difference in market perceptions towards CSR.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2022

Purpose: Environmental pollution problems have become more and more serious, how to effectively protect the environment has become a hot spot of concern to all sectors of society. The way to solve this problem is environmentally friendly management. However, theoretical perspectives and research frameworks of existing research on environmentally friendly management are still unclear. This study aims to examine how the CEO's beliefs for SMEs of Chinese distribution industry affect the environmentally friendly management based on institutional theory. Research design, data, and methodology: This paper collected data from 215 SMEs in China distribution industry and conducted a series of data analysis and hypothesis testing based on an institutional theory perspective using Amos and SPSS to verify the effects of regulatory pressure, normative pressure, and imitation pressure on firms' environmentally friendly management. Results: Through the analysis, this paper tests that normative pressure and imitative pressure have a positive effect on CEO's beliefs. However, regulatory pressure did not have a significant effect on beliefs of CEO. Meanwhile, the degree of CEO's beliefs has a positive effect on environmentally friendly management in Chinese distribution SMEs. Conclusions: Theoretical contributions, practical implications, and future research directions are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• 제66권2호
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• pp.5-29
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to interpret how the long-term care evaluation system implements in the actual service settings with institutional isomorphism and decoupling based on new-institutional theory. This study conducted in-depth interview with employees engaged in 7 long term care service facilities. Directed qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data. As a result, unlike the intention of the long-term care evaluation system to improve the efficiency of the organization by market competition, it found that organizations forcibly adapted a evaluation system to rely on government's resources and it results in isomorphism phenomena which is similar between organizations. This results confirmed that the evaluation system has implemented in the direction of enhancing the government's role to standardize and institutionalize the long-term care service rather than improving the efficiency of the organization by market competition. This study also partially found the phenomenon of decoupling between organizational formal structure accompanied by isomorphism and real behaviors. These results suggest that it is required to improve government's evaluation indicators on the issue of inefficiency caused by dual structure of organizations. In addition, this study proposes that government's evaluation index which is reflected the characteristics of care service is necessary for operating.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of corporate anti-corruption practice disclosure (ACPD) from the perspective of rent-seeking theory. Research design, data, and methodology - Data are hand-collected from corporate social responsibility reports (CSRR) issued by 724 A-share listed firms in China. This paper provides an empirical analysis of the relationship between ownership structure and corporate ACPD as well as its moderating role in the institutional environment. Results - Our findings indicate that rent-seeking is a key factor in influencing corporate ACPD. State-owned enterprises disclose significantly more anti-corruption information than private ones in order to achieve personal promotion of top executives. Monopoly enterprises reported significantly less anti-corruption information than enterprises in competitive industries due to their rent-seeking behavior. The reduction of government intervention and improvement of legal environment are helpful to curb corporate rent-seeking activities and enhance the level of corporate ACPD. Conclusions - Rent-seeking is an important factor in explaining corporate voluntary disclosure in emerging countries. Institutional environment also plays a moderating role in the relationship between ownership structure and corporate voluntary disclosure. Our results are of interest to policy makers, regulators and market participants that are interested in corporate voluntary disclosure and corruption prevention.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권9호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2021

The global financial crisis in 2008 eroded trust towards the banking industry overall. To make such institutions more transparent, the International Accounting Standard Board developed the International Financial Reporting Standard 9 (IFRS 9). After the announcement of IFRS 9, academic research has primarily focused on examining the stability of banks due to early loan-loss recognition guidelines under the new system. There appears to be a lack of understanding of how IFRS 9 has influenced institutional depositors' opinions of bank trustworthiness. Hence the goal of this study is to determine how the adoption of IFRS 9 by banks has impacted perceptions of transparency, trust, and skepticism, from the perspective of large institutional depositors. This research was conducted in the context of Malaysian banks that follow the IFRS 9 guidelines. A framework is proposed using the signaling theory, leading to the development of a set of hypotheses. The hypotheses are tested with data collected from 654 financial analysts working in Malaysian companies that are large institutional depositors. The results indicate that the adoption of IFRS 9 has led to higher levels of perceptions of bank transparency and trust, and lower levels of skepticism towards such banks.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.183-197
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• 2000

The purpose of this paper is to present the history of the research in mathematics education, its characteristic and some theories as its results in France. The french research in mathematics education really began with the inauguration of IREM in the institutional aspect, referring to Bachelard in the epistemological aspect and to Piaget in the psychological aspect. It aimed at appreciating the mathematics education as a independent science and focused on the theoretical research through its own object(didactic system) and its own method(didactic engineering). Therefore, it can be characterized by the dense and elaborate theoretical arguments. Consequently, it is known that four major theories in french mathematics education were developed: the theory of didactic situations by trousseau, the theory of didactic transposition by Chevallard, the theory of conceptual fields by Vergnaud, the theory of tool-object dialectic by Douady. Among them, this paper is focused on the situation of institutionalization and the structurization of milieu in the theory of Brousseau and the motive of didactic transposition and the didactic time in the theory of Chevallard. In that the french research in mathematics education has been founded on its own theoretical models, it may contribute to us who envy the basic theories of mathematics education.