• 품질경영학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.155-170
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• 2023

Purpose: Nowadays, the risk assessment system is widely used in many industrial and public areas to reduce the possible risks. The system is used to determine the priorities of the government quality assurance works in Defense Agency for Technology and Quality. However, as the risk assessment system is used for other purposes, there are some items that need improvement, and in this study, we propose improvement plans by benchmarking the risk assessment systems of other institutions. Methods: In this paper, first, the procedures of risk assessment system used in many industrial sites were reviewed, and how each institution specialized and applied the system. Afterwards, by benchmarking various risk assessment systems, an improvement plan on how to operate the risk assessment system in the case of government quality assurance for centrally procured military supplies was presented, and practical application cases were presented to prove the usefulness of the improvement plan. Results: The proposed risk assessment system differs from the existing system in five major aspects. First, inputs, outputs, and key performance indicators were specified from the systematic point of view. Second, risk analysis was analyzed in four dimensions: probability of occurrence, impact, detection difficulty. Third, risk mitigation measures were classified, control, transfer, and sharing. Fourth, the risk mitigation measures were realized through document verification, product verification, process verification, and quality system evaluation. Finally, risk mitigation measures were implemented and the effectiveness of the risk mitigation measures was evaluated through effectiveness evaluation. Conclusions: In order for the risk assessment procedure proposed in this study to be applied to actual work, it is necessary to obtain the consent of the person involved in the work due to the increased time for risk identification and preparation of the government quality assurance log, and a change in the information system that performs the actual work is required. Therefore, the authors of this study plan to actively perform internal seminar presentations and work improvement suggestions to apply these research outputs to actual work.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.575-580
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• 2001

Purpose : In general, pineal region tumors are managed by using microsurgical approach or stereoctactic biopsy. However, in selected cases endoscopic approach to pineal lesions might prove to be as effective as microsurgery and less invasive. We report an alternative surgical strategy for managing certain patients with pineal neoplasms that allows treatment of the symptomatic hydrocephalus as well as tumor biopsy under direct vision in the same sitting. Materials and Methods : Twenty-two patients with pineal region tumors with associated hydrocephalus were treated in one session by endoscopic third ventriculostomy and endoscopic tumor biopsy at our institution from October 1996 to January 2000. All patients were retrospectively evaluated. Results : There was no operative mortality. There was one cause of significant bleeding during biopsy, but was controlled endoscopically, and the patient recovered completely without neurologic deficit resulting from intra-operative bleeding. The symptoms related to increased intracranial pressure(ICP) have resolved in all patients, and the need for a shunt is completely eliminated. Histological diagnosis was achieved in 21 of the 22 patients by this procedure. A biopsy was not obtained in one patient. Although this pineal region tumor was seen endoscopically, this could not be biopsied because of technical difficulties in working around an enlarged massa intermedia. The lesions included fourteen germinomas, three mixed germ cell tumors, and one each of the followings: pineocytoma, pineoblastoma, pineocytoma/pineoblastoma(intermediate type), meningioma, and low grade glioma. Five of the 22 patients subsequently underwent formal microsurgical tumor removal. Additional chemotherapy or radiotherapy could then be initiated according to the histological diagnosis. Conclusion : We consider that endoscopy affords a minimally invasive way of reaching three objectives by one-step surgery in the management of pineal region tumors with associated hydrocephalus : 1) cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) sample for analysis of tumour markers and cytology, 2) treatment of hydrocephalus by third ventriculostomy, and 3) several biopsy specimens can be obtained identifying tumors which will require further open surgery or adjuvant radiation and/or chemotherapy. However, complications and morbidities should be emphasized so as to be avoided with further technical experience.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.698-702
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• 2008

Purpose: Basal cell carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in the western population and the annual incidence rate is still on an increasing course. In Asian countries such as Korea, the incidence of basal cell carcinoma is reported to be remarkably low but is estimated to be in a steep increase nowadays. This study was to analyze the recent clinical trends of basal cell carcinoma in Korea by reviewing a single institution's experience. Methods: Throughout an 11-year period, the surgical excision of 143 cases of basal cell carcinoma was performed in our department. General data of these cases such as the primary site of cancer, age and sex of the patient, operative methods, recurrence rate were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Among the 143 patients included in this study, 82 patients were men and 61 patients were women. The ages ranged from 27 to 89 years with a mean age of 64.0 years. The head and neck region was the most frequently involved primary site for the cancer as 95.1% of the total cases occurred in this area. Especially the nose and perinasal area were the most frequent region, which was followed by the periorbital area, cheek, and perioral area. During this study period, 9 cases showed recurrence of the cancer as the overall recurrence rate was 6.3%. Conclusion: Gradual increase in the incidence of basal cell carcinoma was demonstrated in this study. Basal cell carcinoma showed high incidence in the old-age population as 68.5% of the total patients were more than 60 years of age. High recurrence rate was noted in the nasal region especially after local flap reconstruction. A more cautious approach is to be required when handing such high risk lesions. Multiple factors such as extended life span, increased outdoor leisure activity and exposure to sunlight, higher accessibility to medical services and increased understanding of the public about skin cancer are assumed to be the main reasons for this increase of basal cell carcinoma.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.169-186
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• 2010

부산지역 지식경영을 위한 혁신클러스터 모델을 구축하게 되면, 첫째, 기존의 산업집적론에 비하여 과학기술인프라, 선진적인 고객욕구 충족에는 새로운 생산요소의 중요성이 요구되는 데, 이것은 경쟁력의 기반이 되는 지식베이스의 새로운 시대에 적합한 로케이션으로 전문화가 요구되는 스킬이나 지식, 레벨이 높은 모델이 반드시 필요하다. 둘째, 클러스터의 개념과 모델은 단순히 기업만이 아니고, 대학, 연구기관, 금융기관, 정부와 지자체 등의 다양한 조직을 포함하고 있는 특징을 가지고 있다. 셋째, 집적의 효과로서 비용의 최소화를 강조하는 전통적인 집적론에 비하여 클러스터 이론에서는 이노베이션의 의의를 지적하고 있다. 이것은 글로벌화나 정보기술의 발달로 인하여 환경변화가 급속하게 진전하고 있는 속에서, 국가나 지역의 경쟁우위의 원천으로서 이노베이션의 실현을 통하여 생산성의 중요성을 나타내고 있다. 넷째, 클러스터의 모델은 네트워크를 베이스로 한 협조관계에 있다고 하는 잘못된 이해가 실무자들을 시작으로 연구자들 상호간에도 클러스터 안에서 전개되고 있는 치열한 경쟁(특히, 이노베이션을 중심으로 한 경쟁)이 지역의 경쟁우위를 유지하기 위하여 없어서는 안 되는 프로그램을 명시하고 있다. 따라서 부산지역의 새로운 발전 모델은 기술개발의 낙후, 인력과 원자재 확보의 어려움 등 많이 있지만, 이를 완화 내지는 극복할 수 있는 혁신적인 프로그램이 없는 문제점을 해결할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.910-917
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• 2000

Introduction : The management of chordomas and chondrosarcomas in the skull base is difficult due to the critical location, locally aggressive nature, and high recurrence rate. The authors present the effectiveness of surgical removal and radiation therapy on survival and tumor recurrence. Material and Methods : Thirty cranial base chordomas and chondrosarcomas from 23 patients(14 patients with chordomas and 9 patients with chondrosarcomas) were operated in our institution between 1985 and 1998. There were 15 men and 8 women, with a mean age of 40.7 years. The largest diameter of tumors ranged from 15 to 70mm (mean 41.5). The extent of surgical removal was subtotal or total in a half(15 operations). In nineteen operations, tumors were removed by conventional approaches and skull base approaches were applied in 11 operations. Postoperative radiation therapy was performed in 16(70%) patients. The mean duration of follow up is 50 months(1- 156 months). Results : The 3- and 5-year survival rates(YSR) of overall patient are 75% and 67%, respectively. The analysis showed that 1) skull base approach to chordomas and chondrosarcomas showed a tendency to remove more portion of the tumors(p＝0.058) but leave more frequent incidence of new deficits(p＝0.047) : 2) larger tumor diameter af-fected the extent of removal(p＝0.028) : 3) the extent of removal seemed to be the determining factor for overall survival and recurrence-free survival(the 5-YSR and RFSR of subtotal or total removal group are 92% and 80% vs. 40% of partial removal or biopsy group) : 4) conventional radiation therapy improved patient survival(5-YSR of patients who received RT is 76% whereas 5-YSR of those who didn't receive RT is 43%) but failed to prolong long-term recurrence-free survival. Conclusion : The extent of removal and postoperative radiation therapy are determining factors of patients' survival in skull base chordomas and chondrosarcomas. However, none of these factors significantly influenced the survival in multivariate analysis. Aggressive surgical removal of more than subtotal resection combined with postoperative radiation therapy seems to be the choice of therapy in the management of these tumors.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.539-544
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• 2017

Background We conducted this study to identify factors that may prolong the length of the hospital stay (LHS) in patients with diabetic foot (DF) in a single-institution setting. Methods In this single-center retrospective study, we evaluated a total of 164 patients with DF, and conducted an intergroup comparison of their baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, including sex, age, duration of diabetes, smoking status, body mass index, underlying comorbidities (e.g., hypertension or diabetic nephropathy), wound characteristics, type of surgery, the total medical cost, white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and albumin, protein, glycated hemoglobin, and 7-day mean blood glucose (BG) levels. Results Pearson correlation analysis showed that an LHS of >5 weeks had a significant positive correlation with the severity of the wound (r=0.647), WBC count (r=0.571), CRP levels (r=0.390), DN (r=0.020), and 7-day mean BG levels (r=0.120) (P<0.05). In multiple regression analysis, an LHS of >5 weeks had a significant positive correlation with the severity of the wound (odds ratio [OR]=3.297; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.324-10.483; P=0.020), WBC count (OR=1.423; 95% CI, 0.046.0-356; P=0.000), CRP levels (OR=1.079; 95% CI, 1.015-1.147; P=0.014), albumin levels (OR=0.263; 95% CI, 0.113.3-673; P=0.007), and 7-day mean BG levels (OR=1.018; 95% CI, 1.001-1.035; P=0.020). Conclusions Surgeons should consider the factors associated with a prolonged LHS in the early management of patients with DF. Moreover, this should also be accompanied by a multidisciplinary approach to reducing the LHS.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권6호
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• pp.716-722
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• 2018

Objective : Lateral interbody fusion (LIF) is attractive as a less invasive technique to address anterior spinal pathology in the treatment of adult spinal deformity. Its own uses and benefits in treatment of adult degenerative scoliosis are undefined. To investigate the radiographic and clinical outcomes of LIF, and staged LIF and posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for the treatment of adult degenerative scoliosis patients, we analyzed radiographic and clinical outcomes of adult degenerative scoliosis patients who underwent LIF and posterior spinal fusion. Methods : Forty consecutive adult degenerative scoliosis patients who underwent LIF followed by staged PSF at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. Long-standing 36" anterior-posterior and lateral radiographs were taken preoperatively, at inter-stage, 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery were reviewed. Outcomes were assessed through the visual analogue scale (VAS), 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Results : Forty patients with a mean age of 66.3 (range, 49-79) met inclusion criteria. A mean of 3.8 levels (range, 2-5) were fused using LIF, while a mean of 9.0 levels (range, 3-16) were fused during the posterior approach. The mean time between stages was 1.4 days (range, 1-6). The mean follow-up was 19.6 months. Lumbar lordosis was significantly restored from $36.4^{\circ}$ preoperatively up to $48.9^{\circ}$ (71.4% of total correction) after LIF and $53.9^{\circ}$ after PSF. Lumbar coronal Cobb was prominently improved from $38.6^{\circ}$ preoperatively to $24.1^{\circ}$ (55.8% of total correction) after LIF, $12.6^{\circ}$ after PSF respectively. The mean pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch was markedly improved from $22.2^{\circ}$ preoperatively to $8.1^{\circ}$ (86.5% of total correction) after LIF, $5.9^{\circ}$ after PSF. Correction of coronal imbalance and sagittal vertebral axis did not reach significance. The rate of perioperative complication was 37.5%. Five patients underwent revision surgery due to wound infection. No major perioperative medical complications occurred. At last follow-up, there were significant improvements in VAS, SF-36 Physical Component Summary and ODI scores. Conclusion : LIF provides significant corrections in the coronal and sagittal plane in the patients with adult degenerative scoliosis. However, LIF combined with staged PSF provides more excellent radiographic and clinical outcomes, with reduced perioperative risk in the treatment of adult degenerative scoliosis.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.167-177
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• 2021

The scientific paper studies the impact of tourism and traveling on the economic level of development of countries at the macro level and its relationship with other sectors of the economy. Tourism is one of the budget-forming factors of every economy. This work describes the main trends in the development of tourism. It is determined that about one third of tourism revenues are generated by the food sector, i.e., the culinary niche of tourism. Culinary tourism is a new direction of tourism, but it is developing quite dynamically in the EU. Culinary is an important part of rural tourism in the EU and culinary tourism is actively promoted at fairs and festivals. In recent years rural tourism has been developing both at the international level and in Ukraine, primarily due to its features, which include the implementation of the principles of sustainable community development, preservation of local traditions and cultural values, gastronomic events to promote them. The aim of the article is to study the theoretical aspects of the development of gastronomic tourism in the world, to analyze the actual condition of gastronomic tourism in the EU and Ukraine, identifying prospects and ways to develop regional gastronomic tourism. The methodological and informational basis of the work is analytical reports and researches related to the development of event tourism and statistics. Systematic and logistical approaches to the studied problems were used to achieve this goal. Various general scientific and special research methods were also used. Based on PESTLE analysis, key aspects of the external environment of gastronomic tourism in Ukraine are identified. We took into account the principles of sustainable development: political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental. The main trends in the development of gastronomic tourism in the world are studied and it is found that the greatest development in the coming years will be the trend of combining gastronomic and event tourism on the basis of sustainable development. The main preconditions and possibilities of introduction of this holistic approach to the strategy of development of the tourist branch of Ukraine are determined. A model of sustainable value chain of gastronomic tourism in the region is formed and the main advantages of its implementation are identified: formation of a regional brand, preservation of culinary traditions, development of green farming, minimization of negative impact on the environment, sustainable development of communities.

• 한국노년학
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.883-903
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• 2016

본 연구는 부양자가 인지한 치매노인의 증상 정도와 치매노인 부양자의 자살생각의 관계에서 부양부담의 하위 요인을 세분화하여 매개효과를 검증하고, 치매노인 부양자를 위한 사회복지적 개입 방안 제시를 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 2015년 현재 서울시, 경기도와 부산의 각 지역에서 데이케어센터 및 요양기관을 이용하는 치매노인 부양자를 대상으로 설문을 진행하였고 총 428부의 자료를 수집하였으며, 이들 중 응답이 부실한 13부을 제외한 415부의 설문지를 최종분석에 사용하였다. SPSS 21.0을 사용하여 매개효과와 그 유의성을 검증하였고 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 치매노인 부양자 중 최근 1년간 자살에 대한 생각을 해본 적이 있다고 응답한 부양자는 21%로 나타냈다. 둘째, 치매노인의 증상 정도는 부양부담에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 부양자의 부양부담은 부양자가 인지한 치매 노인의 증상정도와 부양자의 자살생각과의 관계를 부분적으로 매개하고 있었고 이 매개효과는 통계적으로 유의미한 결과를 보여주었다. 이를 통해 부양자의 자살생각에 정적인 영향을 미치는 부양부담을 낮추기 위한 방안으로서 치매노인과 부양자에 대한 접근이 개선되어야 한다는 점을 제시하였고 이를 달성하기 위한 사회복지 중심의 프로그램 도입을 제안하였다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2022

The article analyzes the features of the formation of a person's value attitude to the worldview by means of information technologies. The present considers it necessary to form a person's value attitude to the perception of the world by means of information technologies. The explosive development of information and telecommunications technologies has become a determining factor in the development of modern society, which is called the information or Global Information Society. It is not yet fully formed, and we are all participants in the development of the Global Information Society. The article considers the basics of a harmonious worldview of a person, which is the basis for the formation of outlook ideas, views, knowledge, beliefs about the surrounding world, which determine the place and role and motivate actions in relation to the surrounding reality through the prism of value orientations. Worldview is considered as an integrity of relatively stable schemes, behaviors, feelings, thinking, vision of the surrounding world, inherent in an individual child, ethno-cultural and socio-cultural groups. The concept of "worldview" as a component of the multi-level structure of the individual's outlook is defined. The features that characterize a person's perception of the world are revealed. The main educational value of information technologies in the formation of a person's value attitude to the perception of the world is highlighted, which consists in the fact that they allow you to create an immeasurable brighter multi-sensory interactive learning environment with almost unlimited potential opportunities that fall at the disposal of both the teacher and the student. The trend of forming a person's value attitude to the perception of the world is clearly developing in the direction of mixed learning as a process that creates a comfortable information educational environment, communication systems that provide all the necessary educational information. The approach to student development by means of the educational environment and the formation, while in the person of a value attitude to the perception of the world by means of Information Technologies, has many pedagogical advantages, which is considered in the article.