• Title/Summary/Keyword: instant noodle (Ramyun)

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Dietary Exposure to 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol from Sauces and Instant Fried Noodle (Ramyun) Seasoning (소스류 및 라면 스프에 의한 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol의 식이 노출)

  • Kim, Hyun-Jung;Chun, Hyang-Sook;Ha, Jae-Ho
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.306-310
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    • 2007
  • As a preliminary study for risk assessment of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) from processed food, the levels of 3-MCPD in commercial sauces and instant fried noodle (ramyun) seasoning were analyzed with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In August and September 2005, twenty-five samples of commercial sauces and twenty-five samples of instant fried noodle (ramyun) seasoning were collected from retail outlets and markets in Seoul, Korea. Six out of twenty-five sauces contained 3-MCPD and the highest concentration was 0.045 mg/kg. On the basis of per capita consumption of sauces and mean concentration of 3-MCPD, the estimated daily exposure to 3-MCPD from sauces was $0.094{\mu}g/person/day$. None of the twenty-five instant fried noodle (ramyun) seasoning samples was contained 3-MCPD. Therefore consumption of instant fried noodle (ramyun) seasoning was estimated not to contribute dietary exposure to 3-MCPD.

Effects of Instant Noodle (Ramyun)'s Selection Attribution upon Satisfaction - Focus on Children and Adolescents - (시판 라면류의 선택 속성이 만족도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 - 어린이 및 청소년을 중심으로 -)

  • Jung, Hyo-Sun;Yoon, Hye-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.49-56
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study was to understand the influence of instant noodle's selection attribution on satisfaction and to empirically analyze whether or not grade (elementary schoolchildren, middle school students, high school students) plays a moderating role in the relationship between selection attribution and satisfaction. Further, this study examined the differences in demographic characteristics among two groups of subjects divided by instant noodle's selection attribution. Based on a total of 1021 samples, this study verified a total of 3 hypotheses using the SPSS program. Data were analyzed by frequency analysis, chi-square, t-test, factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis, discriminant analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. Results of the study were as follows. There were three different instant noodle's selection attributions among the children and adolescents investigated: internal element, external element, and company reliability. The multiple regression results show that internal element (=.391), external element (=.239), and company reliability (=.063) among customers' selection attributions had significant positive effects on satisfaction. In addition, the effect of selection attribution upon satisfaction was partially moderated according to grade. Further, cluster analysis divided subjects into two groups according to instant noodle's selection attribution: high-selection group vs. low-selection group. The wo groups of subjects classified by instant noodle's selection attribution were also different from each other in demographic characteristics. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

A Study on Images and Consumption about Instant Food of Homemakers in Kyung-kido Area (한국 주부의 가공식품에 대한 인식 및 이용 실태에 관한 연구 -경기도 일부 지역을 중심으로-)

  • 안숙자
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.75-90
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    • 1989
  • A survey on images and consumption for instant food for 419 housewives in Kyung-ki do were summarized as follows: 1) The thought of housewives takes 'convenient' as the best advantage in the image on instant food, generally speaking,'preference', 'hygienic concern' and 'eating frequently’ are moderate, while 'good for health' is shown with the lowest points. 2) The reasons why they take instant food are ascribed to the taste of the children by 63.6%, to 'convenient to cook' by 19.6%. 3) The reasons why they do not use instant food are attributed to 'bad for health’by 46.9% to 'too expensive' by 29.9%, and to 'doubtful in quality' by 16.3% 4) Instant noodle (Ramyun) and bread are consumed the most, and then consumption is shown from high to low in order of tomato-ketchup, ham, mayonnaise, instant liver and sausage. 5) Effects on purchasing instant food come from the date of manufacturing 43%, trade mark 24% the experience of previous use as high as 21.2%.

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Comparison of Nutritional Composition of Noodle Products in Korean Key Foods (국내 주요 식품(Key foods) 중 면류 제품의 영양성분 함량 비교)

  • Cha, Seung-Hyeon;Han, In-Beom;Park, Woo-Hyun;Park, Sang-Beom;Bak, Se-Lim;Kim, Byung Hee;Yoon, Sung-Won;Kim, In Hwan;Chun, Jiyeon;Shin, Jung-Ah;Kim, Younghwa;Shin, Eui-Cheol;Seo, Dongwon;Lee, Sam-pin;Sung, Jeehye;Kim, So-Jung;Lee, Jun-Soo;Jang, Keum-Il
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.449-457
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    • 2021
  • This study analyzed the nutritional composition (proximate composition, total dietary fiber, calories, minerals, fatty acids, and amino acids) of 10 noodle products (tteok ramyun, jjamppong ramyun, kimchi ramyun, instant udon, cup ramyun, jajangmyun, bibimmyun, cream spaghetti, ssalguksu, and milmyun), which account for 85% of the cumulative intake of one or more key nutrients, using data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The moisture contents of bibimmyun, jajangmyun, and cream spaghetti were lower than those of the other noodle products, whereas the crude fat, crude protein, carbohydrate, and calorie contents were the highest. Cream spaghetti had the highest mineral, fatty acid, and amino acid contents, followed by bibimmyun and jajangmyun. Ssalguksu had the lowest contents of most nutrients. These data could be used to populate a food composition database, which can provide consumers with the nutritional information about frequently consumed noodle products.

A Comprehensive Study on the Intake Patterns and Expenditures on Ramyun among Adults in Metropolitan Areas of Korea (수도권 거주 성인의 라면류 섭취 현황 및 실태에 관한 연구)

  • Yu, Kyung-Jin;Jung, Hyo-Sun;Yoon, Hye-Hyun
    • Culinary science and hospitality research
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.204-214
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study is to identify instant noodle intake and consumption patterns of adults in metropolitan areas of Korea. There was a total of 702 subjects, 18 years of age and above, and data from the self-administrated questionnaires were collected and analyzed using comparative statistical analysis, including frequency, chi-square, t-test, and one-way ANOVA. According to the results, preference level for instant noodles among the adults was indicated to be $4.84{\pm}1.32$ and 54% of subjects either "liked" or "more than liked" noodles. People in 20s liked them the most. Noodles in envelope type package with soup are highly preferred. The most common reason why they chose to eat instant noodles was "convenience." At the same time, people avoid them because of their bad nutrition and calories. Half of the subjects consume instant noodles at least once a week mainly for lunch and dinner as a substitute for their meal. In the case of eating-together-with-family was the largest. 72.4% of subjects consumed entire soup additive content and 20.6% of them eat almost without soup because of being full and worrying that it might be harmful to health. Significant difference was shown in the preference level and intake patterns depending on respondents' general characteristics. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

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A Study on the Preferences for Food Intake of Korean Industrial Workers (한국 근로자의 식품섭취 기호도에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Chang-Sook;Ahn, Myung-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 1993
  • This study was carried on the preferences for food intake pattern of Korean industrial workers. The survey was conducted from Feb 17, to March 31, 1992 by questionnaires which was composed of 21 items. The subjects of this study were composed of 426 clerical workers, and 439 physical workers. The results were obtained as follows. 1. In the educational background, clerical workers was almost of highschool or collage graduates, and physical workers was almost of highschool graduates. Marginal food cost of per person for lunch a day was from 500 Won to 1,000 Won. They replied that amount of staple food and side dishes were appropriate, and the type of preferable foods was Korean style cooked rice. Also it was known that physical workers thought their nutritive condition more badly than that of clerical workers. So the physical workers considered their health very much when they had meal. It was represented that unbalanced diet, without diet and drinking alcohol effected badly to food intake and taste of food was the most important point in food intake. 2. Preferences for staple foods; Cooked rice was preferred the most by the subjects. Cooked rice with redbean was preferred by clerical workers and cooked rice with soybean was preferred by physical workers and cooked rice with soybean was preferred by physical workers. Also clerical and physical workers liked Kalkooksoo (hot noodle), Nangmyun (cold noodle), bread, vegetable bread and disliked Sphagetti, Ramyun (Instant noodle) in same rate. In the next, cooked rice covered with raw fish pieces (Sushi) was preferred by clerical workers and Mandu-kook was preferred by physical workers. Also they disliked Curriedrice and Hashrice in same pattern. 3. Preference for side-dishes; The Acceptances for side-dishes were high soybean paste soup (clerical workers:43.7%, physical workers:34.4%), Kim chi stew, fried potatoes, crab steaming (37.8%, 36.9%), broiled fish (34.6%, 33.9%), fried green pepper, Ham, Chinese cabbage Kim chi, and pickled garlic by clerical and physical workers all together. But in clerical workers, Wooghugi beef-rib tang, Deodeok muchim, spinach namul, beef jangjeorim, fried shrimp were shown to have high preference in physical workers, beef-rib tang, wild onion and shepherd's purses muchim, soybean sprout, fish jeorim, fried sweet potatoes were high preference. 4. Preference of Snacks; The preferences for snacks were high in strawberry (clerical:36.3%, physical:34.3%), milk (49.9%, 44.4%), waxy rice Doek (30.7%, 30.2%), coffee (40.1%, 38.9%) by two groups in same order.

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Evaluation of Food and Nutrient Intake by Food Frequency Questionnaire between Normal and Risk Groups according to the Bone Mineral Density of Female College Students Residing in Gangwon Area (강원 지역 일부 여대생 중 골밀도 정상군과 위험군의 식품섭취빈도법을 이용한 식품과 영양소 섭취 상태 비교)

  • Jeong, Hye-Ryeon;Yun, Sun-Ju;Kim, Mi-Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.429-444
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between bone density and dietary intake for college women in their twenties. This study was performed on 160 female college students residing in Gangwon-do. It was conducted using ultrasound measurement of calcaneus bone density, anthropometric checkup and food-frequency questionnaires (FFQ) comprising 94 kinds of commonly consumed foods. Subjects were divided into two groups according to the T-score of bone density: a normal group (n = 113 persons, T-score ${\geq}1$) and a risk group (n = 47, T-score < 1.0). The average age of the subjects was 20.17 years and there was no significant difference between the two groups. Body weight and body fat percentage of the normal group were significantly higher than those of the risk group. The mean daily energy intake of the normal group was significantly higher than that of the risk group. Also, protein, fat, vitamin A, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, iron and zinc intake for the normal group were significantly higher than for the risk group. For the intake of the commonly consumed foods (or dishes) listed in FFQ, the mean daily intake amount of loaf bread, rice cake, potatoes, spicy beef soup, cucumber, seasoned spinach perilla leaves, crown daisy, stir-fried mushroom, sea mustard, beef rib, ham, chicken, mackerel, common squid, drink type curd yogurt, oriental melon and chocolate in the normal group was significantly higher than in the risk group. While, the mean daily intake of ramyun (instant noodle) and carbonated beverage by the normal group was significantly lower than that of the risk group. In conclusion, 20 something female college students showed a higher rate (26.9%) of the bone mineral density risk group (osteopenia or osteoporosis). For the risk group, the levels of nutrient and food intake were lower than in the normal group. Therefore, the bone density risk group needs to increase their nutrient intake and diet quality by increasing the intake of various foods. In addition, they should decrease the intake of foods, which are negative for skeletal health such as instant noodles and carbonated beverages.