• Title/Summary/Keyword: insect resources

Search Result 327, Processing Time 0.026 seconds

Phenolic Compounds from Fruits of Amorpha fruticosa L.

  • Lee, hak-Ju;Lee, Hyun-Jung;Park, Il-Kwon;Shin, Sang-Chul;Lee, Myung-Koo;Paik, Ki-Hyon
    • Proceedings of the PSK Conference
    • /
    • 2003.10b
    • /
    • pp.190.4-191
    • /
    • 2003
  • This study was carried out to examine the constituents of Amorpha fruticosa (Leguminosae), a shrub originated from North Africa. Dried and ground fruit of A. fruticosa were extracted with methanol and then concentrated to give the crude extracts. The crude extracts was successively fractioned with organic sovents, such as n-hexane, CH$_2$Cl$_2$ and EtOAc. Seven compounds were isolated from the fruits of A. fruticosa. On the basis of spectrosopic data, the structures of these compounds were determined as: kaempferol 7-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranoside (I), methyl 3,4,5- trihydroxybenzoate (methyl gallate, II), tephrosin (III), dalbinol (IV), gallic acid (V), 2",4",5",7-tetramethoxyisofavone (Ⅵ) and Dalbinol 2"-O-${\beta}$-D-Glucopyranoside (Ⅶ) respectively. (omitted)

  • PDF

First record of the beetle family Georissidae (Coleoptera) in Korea, with a mtDNA information of a species

  • Dae-Hyun Lee;Sang Woo Jung;Yoon-Ho Kim;I Chan Shin
    • Journal of Species Research
    • /
    • v.13 no.3
    • /
    • pp.326-328
    • /
    • 2024
  • The beetle family Georissidae, represented by Georissus kurosawai Nakane, is identified for the first time in Korea. Worldwide, the family Georissidae Laporte contains 83 described species in the only genus Georissus Latreille. This beetles usually inhabits sandy or muddy banks of streams, rivers, and standing water, and some species live in tidal flats and leaf litter. Mostly, adults are covered by a layer of mud or sand grains dorsally and are attracted to light. They are characterized by the combination of the following characters: prosternum reduced, procoxae enlarged, metacoxae separate, ventral hydrofuge pubescence absent, elytra punctatostriate and without scutellary stria, metathoracic anepisterna concealed, and sternite III enlarged. Habitus and aedeagus photograph, mtDNA sequence, and habitat information are provided.

Analysis of Expressed Sequence Tags of the Firefly, Pyrocoelia rufa

  • Lee, Kwang-Sik;Bae, Jin-Sik;Goo, Tae-Won;Kim, Sam-Eun;Kim, Jong-Gill;Sohn, Hung-Dae;Jin, Byung-Rae
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
    • /
    • v.1 no.2
    • /
    • pp.165-169
    • /
    • 2000
  • We have constructed cDNA library from the larvae whole body of the firefly, Pyrocoelia rufa. Single direct partial sequencing of anonymous cDNA clones was performed to obtain genetic information on the firefly, P. rufa, of which genetic information is currently not available. This expressed sequence tags (EST) analysis of the 54 clones (54%) showed significant homology to the known genes registered in GenBank. Of these clones, twenty-four were related to the known insect genes, but these clones were not matched to previously identified firefly genes. Putative functional categories of these clones showed that the next abundant genes were associated with energy metabolism.

  • PDF

An Investigation and Evaluation of Insect Pests in Greenhouse Vegetables in Jeonbuk Province (전북지역 시설 채소류 작물별 해충 발생양상 및 종 동정)

  • Lim, Ju-Rak;Park, Sung-Hee;Moon, Hyung-Cheol;Kim, Ju;Choi, Dong-Chil;Hwang, Chang-Yeon;Lee, Kwan-Suk
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
    • /
    • v.51 no.3
    • /
    • pp.271-280
    • /
    • 2012
  • Twenty-two families and 39 species of insect pests were surveyed on five families and 20 species of greenhouse vegetables in Jeonbuk province. The species of insect pests and the families of plants infested were seven families and 10 species on Chenophodiaceae, 16 families and 25 species on Brassicaceae, nine families and 10 species on Apiaceae, six families seven species on Liliaceae, and 13 families and 29 species on Compositae. Spodoptera exigua H$\ddot{u}$bner and Spodoptera litura Fabricius occurred on all vegetables. Additionally, Frankliniella intonsa Trybom, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, Myzus persicae Sulzer, and Phytomyza horticola Goureau occurred on all vegetables except Liliaceae(Allium tuberosum Rottl. and Allium fistulosum L.). Thirteen species of insect pests including Hymenia recurvalis Fabricius occurred only one vegetables, indicating that they were monophagous. The main insect pests of Chenophodiaceae were M. persicae, H. recurvalis, S. exigua and S. litura whereas Dolycoris baccarum Linn$\acute{e}$, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, Trichoplusia ni H$\ddot{u}$bner, and P. horticola were not recorded. On Brassicaceae were Brevicoyne brassicae Linn$\acute{e}$, M. persicae, Phaedon brassicae Baly, Phyllotreta striolata Fabricius, Plutella xylostella Linn$\acute{e}$, Hellula undalis Fabricius, S. litura, Pieris rapae Linn$\acute{e}$, Artogeia rapae Linn$\acute{e}$, and Athalia rosae ruficornis Jakovlev, but six species including Frankliniella intonsa Trybom were not recorded. The degree of damage by insect pests on Apiaceae was low, five species including Tetranychus kanzawai kishida, F. intonsa, T. vaporariorum, S. litura, and P. horticola were not recorded. The main insect pests on Liliaceae were Thyatira tabaci Lindeman, Acrolepiopsis sapporensis Matsumura, S. exigua, and Liriomyza chinensis Kato. The damage to Compositae by insect pests was relatively low except that of S. litura.

Insecticidal and Acaricidal Activities of Domestic Plant Extracts against Five Major Arthropod Pests (국내산 식물체 추출물의 다섯 가지 주요 해충에 대한 살충 및 살비 활성)

  • Park, Il-Kwon;Park, Ji-Doo;Kim, Chul-Su;Shin, Sang-Chul;Ahn, Young-Joon;Park, Seung-Chan;Lee, Sang-Gil
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
    • /
    • v.6 no.4
    • /
    • pp.271-278
    • /
    • 2002
  • Methanol extracts from 420 samples of 173 plant species in 58 families were tested at 5000 ppm for their insecticidal and acaricidal activities against five economically important arthropod pests by spray method. The responses varied with arthropod pest species, plant species and plant tissue sampled. In a test with Nilaparvata lugens Stal, extracts from Zanthoxylum piperitum barks, Chamaecyparis obtusa leaf and Quercus salicina leaf showed potent insecticidal activity. With Plutella xylostella L., potent larvicidal activity was observed from extracts of Platycarya strobilacea wood, Meliosma myriantha barks, Sophora japonica leaf, Zanthoxylum piperitum barks, and Pinus thunbergii wood. Methanol extracts of Sophora japonica leaf and Zanthoxylum piperitum barks showed high insecticidal activity against Spodoptera litura. In a test with Tetranychus urticae Koch, extract from Carpinus coreana leaf, Firmiana simplex barks, Elaeagnus macrophylla leaf, Aralia elata leaf, Comus controversa barks and Chamaecyparis obtusa leaf exhibited strong acaricidal activity. As a naturally occurring pest control agent, Zanthoxylum piperitum barks could be useful as new insecticidal and acaricidal products against various arthropod pests.

Occurrence of Insect Pests in Rubus coreanus Miquel (복분자딸기에서 발생하는 해충 종류 및 발생 양상)

  • Lim, Ju-Rak;Choi, Seon-U;Kim, Ju-Hee;Lee, Ki-Kwon;Cheong, Seong-Soo;Ryu, Jeong;Hwang, Chang-Yeon
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
    • /
    • v.49 no.2
    • /
    • pp.97-103
    • /
    • 2010
  • In this study, 5 species (Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida, Endoclyta excrescens (Butler), leaf roller caterpillar (Adoxophyes orana Fisher), Anomis mesogona (Walker), and Aulacaspis rosae (Bouche)) were found in Rubus coreanus Miquel in Jeonbuk province, from 2006 to 2008. T. kanzawai appeared in mid-May and showed three peaks in late June, mid-July, and late August. Its density was over 10 adults per leaf. A. mesogona appeared in mid-June and showed two peaks in late July, and early October. Of the 28 insect pests in pre-harvesting, the 7 main species were T. kanzawai, T. urticae, A. orana, Lygocoris lucorum Meyer, Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom), Psylliodes punctifrons Baly and Motschulskyia serrata (Matsumura). Of the 19 insect pests in after-harvesting, the 6 main species were T. kanzawai, E. excrescens, A. mesogona, A. orana, P. punctifrons and A. rosae. Growth of R. coreanus decreased when insect pests were not managed and yields decreased approx. 7% a year. Management of insect pests in field using pesticide was not different.

Oviposition Preferences of the Oriental Chestnut Gall Wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus, on Various Chestnut Varieties (밤나무품종에 따른 밤나무혹벌의 산란 선호성)

  • Kim Chul-Su;Park Il-Kwon;Kim Jong-Kuk;Park Yeong-Suk;Shin Sang-Chul;Chung Yeong-Jin;Choi Kwang-Sik;Jeon Mun-Jang
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
    • /
    • v.44 no.2
    • /
    • pp.157-159
    • /
    • 2005
  • The number of winter buds oviposited by Drycosmus kuriphilus against chestnut varieties was lower of Ishizuchi and Daap than that of Okkwang, Tsukuba and Arima. D. kuriphilus oviposited multiful eggs in each winter bud of most of the chestnut varieties tested. More than three eggs were oviposited on winter bud of lower shoot of native, Tsukuba, Okkwang and Pyounggi varieties. However, average laid eggs less than one were on winter buds of Tshizuchi and Daap. Number of eggs oviposited in winter bud on lower shoot was higher than those on upper one. More than 15 eggs were oviposited in Tsukuba, whereas one or less egg was oviposited in Daap. Rates of winter buds oviposited by D. kuriphilus in native, Arima and Tsukuba were 83.8, 78.5, and $75.9\%$, respectively.

Biology of Torymus geranii (Walker), a Parasitoid of Chestnut Gall Wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) (밤나무혹벌(Dryocosmus kuriphilus)의 기생천적 남색긴꼬리좀벌(Torymus geranii)에 관한 생물학)

  • Kim, Chul-Su;Park, Il-Kwon;Kim, Jong-Kuk;Shin, Sang-Chul;Chung, Yeong-Jin;Choi, Kwang-Sik
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
    • /
    • v.44 no.3 s.140
    • /
    • pp.219-223
    • /
    • 2005
  • Torymus geranii was found to be a ectoparasitoid attacking the larvae of Dryocosmus kuriphilus. T. geranii has longevity of a $42.8{\pm}9.8$ days at $20^{\circ}C$ and $26.5{\pm}11.0$ day at $25^{\circ}C$ under conditions supplied with 100% honeydew. Oviposition numbers at 20 and $25^{\circ}C$ were $22.3{\pm}12.5$ and $42.2{\pm}18.4$, respectively. The eggs were oval in shape, measuring $0.56{\pm}0.33$ mm in length. The larvae, $2.94{\pm}0.18mm$ in length, was white and length of male and female pupae were $2.01{\pm}0.18mm$ and $2.73{\pm}0.09mm$, respectively. T. geranii had two generations with overwintering generation emerged on late May to early June at Chunchon, central part of Korea, however showed three generations with overwintering generation emerged on middle May to early June, the first one on late June to early July, and the second one on late July to earlyl August.

Antimicrobial Active Substances from Entomopathogenic Fungi (Various Applications of Entomopathogenic Fungi)

  • Shin, Tae Young;Woo, Soo Dong;Kim, Jeong Jun
    • 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 2016.05a
    • /
    • pp.13-13
    • /
    • 2016
  • Insects constitute the largest and most diverse group of animals in the world. They also serve as the hosts or nutrient sources for an immense assemblage of pathogens, parasites, and predators. More than 700 fungal species from 100 genera have adopted an entomopathogenic lifestyle. Although entomopathogenic fungi were studied as only biocontrol agents against a variety of pests in various countries, it has been recently focused their additional roles in nature. They are antagonists to/against plant pathogens, endophytes, and possibly even plant growth promoting agents. The potential antimicrobial effect against fungal plant pathogens by an isolate of entomopathogenic fungi including Beauveria bassiana, Lecanicillium spp., and Isaria fumosorosea have been reported since late 1990s, but wasn't reported pathogenicity of the isolate against pests. Later, a Canadian Lecanicillium sp. isolate and L. longisporium isolated from Vertalec$^{(R)}$ showed simultaneous control effect against both aphid and cucumber powder mildew. Therefore, the antimicrobial activities of 342 fungi isolates collected from various regions and conditions in Korea were evaluated against plant pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea using dual culture technique on agar plate. As a result, 186 isolates (54.4%) shown the antifungal activity against B. cinerea. The culture filtrates of selected fungi completely suppressed the growth of the microorganisms, indicating that suppression was due to the presence of antimicrobial substances in the culture filtrate. Mode of action of these fungi against insect involves the attachment of conidia to the insect cuticle, followed by germination, cuticle penetration, and internal dissemination throughout the insect. During infection process, secreted enzymes, proteinous toxins, and/or secondary metabolites secreted by entomopathogenic fungi can be used to overcome the host immune system, modify host behavior, and defend host resources. Recently, secondary metabolites isolated from entomopathogenic fungi have been reported as potential bioactive substances. Generally, most of bioactive substances produced by entomopathogenic fungi have reported low molecular weight (lower than 1,000 g/mol) as peptide and, in contrast the high molecular weight fungal bioactive substances are rare. Most substances based on entomopathogenic fungi were shown antimicrobial activity with narrow control ranges. In our study we analyzed the antimicrobial substances having antagonistic effects to B. cinerea. Antimicrobial substances in our fungal culture filtrates showed high thermostability, high stability to proteolytic enzymes, and hydrophilicity and their molecular weights were differed from substance. In conclusion, entomopathogenic fungi showed pathogenicity against insect pests and culture filtrate of the fungi also shown to antimicrobial activity. In the future, we can use the entomopathogenic fungi and its secondary metabolites to control both insect pest control and plant pathogenic fungi simultaneously.

  • PDF

Influence of β-carotene enhanced transgenic soybean cultivation on the diversity of non-target arthropods in Korea for three years

  • Sung-Dug Oh;Eunji Bae;Soo-Yun Park;Seong-Kon Lee;Doh-Won Yun;Kihun Ha;Minwook Kim;Yeongjin Son;Chang Uk Eun;Young-Kun Kim;Junho Lee;Dongmin Kim;Donguk Kim;Jongwon Kim;Sang Jae Suh
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
    • /
    • v.49 no.4
    • /
    • pp.771-788
    • /
    • 2022
  • Environmental risk assessment of living modified (LM) crops is essential for their cultivation. In this study, we cultivated β-carotene enhanced transgenic soybean (LM soybean) and non-LM soybean (Gwangan) in living modified organism (LMO) isolated fields, and investigated changes in the insect fauna using three types of collection methods for three years. In total, 331,483 individual insects and arachnids, representing 82 families in 14 orders, were captured during the study. Totals of 166,518 and 164,965 individual insects and arachnids were collected from LM soybean and Gwangan, respectively. Throughout the study, although there were differences between the investigation year, region, and methods, there were no significant differences between the population densities of insect pests, natural enemies, and other insects on LM soybean and non-LM soybean. Also, there were no statistically significant differences between varieties in the results of the species diversity analysis. The data on insect species population densities were subjected to multidimensional scaling (MDS), which did not distinguish between the two varieties, LM soybean and the non-LM soybean, in all cultivated fields. However, the results of the MDS analysis were completely divided into six groups based on the yearly survey areas. These results provided the insect diversity for an environmental risk assessment of LM soybean and suggested that the guideline could be useful to detect LM crops.