• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-36
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• 2018

In this study, we investigate the influence of national culture on technological innovation activities. First, we discuss the concept of national culture and various cultural dimensions and measurements. Second, we analyze previous literature to explore the theoretical mechanisms in the relationship between national culture and technological innovation. Each cultural dimension has it own mechanism regarding the relationship and in some dimensions mixed theoretical arguments and empirical results are found. Lastly, we also explore how the national culture interacts with characteristics of technology, (social) institutions and public policies while it affects the technological innovation. Based on an literature review on the issue, we propose new research agenda and discuss avenues for future research. The implications for the research are also presented.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-33
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• 2014

Despite a commonly held belief that standards obstruct innovation, recent research shows that they can actually play critical roles in supporting various activities of technological innovation. Thus, providing an innovation-friendly environment through standardization has been gaining much attention in recent years; however, there is as yet limited understanding, due to complex dynamics and high uncertainties associated with innovation, as well as a variety of different types and functions of standards with various stakeholders involved. The problem becomes even more challenging for standardization in highly complex systems, such as Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems, where a large number of domains and components are involved, along with various types of stakeholders. In order to deal with such complexity and variations, a systematic approach of standardization roadmapping has been used in many technology-leading countries as a strategic policy tool for supporting effective management of standardization. Despite its wide adoption, the current understanding of standardization roadmapping is somewhat limited, leaving significant challenges for policymakers and standards organizations in terms of how to structure and manage roadmapping exercises, and how the government should get involved. In this regard, the current research explores existing standardization roadmaps in various contexts related to ICT systems (ICT in Korea, Smart Grid in the US, and electromobility in Germany), as there is a particular need for systematic development of strategies for such complex systems of ICT. Focusing on various aspects of standardization roadmapping exercises such as their structures, processes, and participants, their common features and key characteristics are identified. Comparing these roadmaps also reveal distinct differences between standardization roadmapping approaches adopted by different countries in different contexts. Based on lessons learnt from existing practices, the study finally provides insight for the Korean ICT standards community on the ways in which their standardization roadmapping approach can be improved to support anticipatory management of standardization activities more effectively. It is expected that the current research can not only provide increased understanding of standardization roadmaps, but also help policymakers and standards organizations to develop more effective strategies for supporting innovation through the systematic management of standardization.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.54-58
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• 2010

The Asian Conference on Engineering Education has organized and is held in Busan. This paper tells the steps for the process of planning of this conference. Firstly, the Innovation Center for Engineering Education in Korea Maritime University and the Center for Innovation and Creativity Development in The University of Tokushima signed the mutual interchange agreement on engineering education in 2005. The interrelation of both centers has made a continuous relation by mutual visiting of teachers and students. The first symposium on engineering education between the two universities was held in 2006. Three symposia were succeeded until now. By the way, the Japanese five-university coalition of engineering education was composed in 2004. This five-university coalition annually held the symposium on engineering education. Two teachers and two students of each university participated in the symposium and introduced their activities. Annual symposium was held every year from 2004 to 2008. Based on these two kinds of symposium, we have planned to enlarge the relationship by including partner universities in both countries. The capstone design coalition on engineering education between the Center for Innovation and Creativity Development in the University of Tokushima and the innovation center for engineering education in Korea Maritime University are introduced. The interrelation of both centers has held by mutual visiting of teachers and students during four years. The capstone design activities of Korea Maritime University and the students' creative design projects of the University of Tokushima were introduced each other. This coalition is planned that it needs to be enlarged by including partner universities in Asian countries.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.1282-1292
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• 2018

The exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GSBa-1 was isolated and purified by ethanol precipitation, and DEAE-cellulose and Sepharose CL-6B chromatographies. The molecular mass of the purified EPS was determined to be 54 kDa. Monosaccharide analysis showed that the EPS was composed of predominantly glucose, and it was further confirmed by NMR spectroscopy to be ${\alpha}-glucan$ that consisted of a trisaccharide repeating unit with possible presence of two ${\alpha}-(1{\rightarrow}3)$ and one ${\alpha}-(1{\rightarrow}6)$ glucosidic linkages. Microstructural analysis showed that the EPS appeared as ellipsoid or globose with a smooth surface. The EPS had a degradation temperature at $240^{\circ}C$. Furthermore, the EPS had strong DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, and moderate superoxidant anion scavenging and metal ion-chelating activities. This is the first characterization of a glucan produced by B. amyloliquefaciens with strong antioxidant activity. The results of this study suggest the potential of the EPS from B. amyloliquefaciens GSBa-1 to serve as a natural antioxidant for application in functional products.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.59-93
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• 2021

This article discusses the innovation activities of firms that aim for system transformation from the perspective of 'Transformative Innovation Policies'. Here, for the sustainable transformation of our society, a firm that finds the 'purpose' of business activities in solving social problems and implements a new business model is defined as a 'transition-oriented firm'. The main characteristics of a transition-oriented firm are examined in terms of 1) transition vision and mission setting, 2) business model innovation for transition, 3) network formation for system transition, and 4) securing legitimacy of transition. And through case studies, the approach, significance, and limitations of the transition-oriented corporate innovation theory are discussed. The case study is from a Eisai Korea, which aims for an integrated prevention, treatment, and care system centered on residents and citizens.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.270-289
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• 2004

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.39-55
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• 2014

This study aims to examine and develop a Triple Helix model for social innovation to eradicate pervasive poverty in developing countries. To do this, this study explores and analyzes the Rural Saemaul Undong (RSU), a rural community development movement for eradicating poverty that was driven by the South Korean government during the 1970s. First of all, this study explores the characteristics of the RSU and explains why the RSU was a social innovation. To support and explain why the RSU was a successful social innovation, this study analyzes the roles and activities of three distinct actor groups: the chief policymaker and his aides who presented the vision and purpose, or the "why" of the Saemaul Undong; central and local government officials who were the planners and managers who showed "how" to plan and drive it; and village Saemaul leaders as the drivers and coaches showing rural villagers "what" to do. Based on this analysis, this study develops an actor-based Triple Helix model for social innovation to eradicate poverty.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.127-150
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• 2004

This article examines the issue of utilization of research findings from public funded research institutions (PRIs) and universities in Malaysia from the perspective of knowledge flows. Such a perspective is adapted from the literature on innovation and knowledge systems. This representation of innovation in terms of knowledge flows helps us to focus on the managerial dimensions involved in the organization of activities such as research and development (R&D). The paper reveals that there is a dismal rate of adoption of research findings generated from PRIs and universities in Malaysia. It is argued that this poor performance is a consequence of weak research management practices. A framework on the key elements of sound research management is described. The article concludes with a discussion on managerial and policy issues arising from these deficiencies and some suggestions for addressing them.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.63-92
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• 2010

Recent years have seen an intensified discussion in many OECD countries about the role and mission of public research in the innovation system. This discussion takes place in quite specific national contexts, but should benefit from international experience. However, whereas voluminous literatures address the changing governance methods, organizational forms and missions of universities, much less attention has been devoted to developing a common understanding of the challenges faced by non-university public research institutions. The main goals of this paper is to contribute to clarifying the nature of these challenges, outlines possible policy answers and draws some implications for Korea. In the first section, the paper uses available internationally comparable indicators to review trends in the contribution of government research institutes (GRIs) to R&D and innovation activities. In the second section, the paper identifies the current major changes in the dynamics of innovation that may call for further adjustments in the positioning, organization and steering of public research institutes. Finally, the paper outlines some strategic objectives and orientations for the reform of public research institutes as part of the broader agenda of the Korean innovation strategy.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2013

The Schumpeterian process of "creative destruction", associated with the emergence and diffusion of new radical, so-called "general purpose" technologies, has throughout history impacted wealth and income, jobs creation, jobs displacement, and the emergence and submergence of new hotspots of innovation. Emerging countries have benefited most from such a renewing of those societies' dynamics, leading them to higher levels of economic development and welfare. Doing so they have shown a remarkable capacity in moving upstream in the value chain, from outsourcing of manufacturing activities to autonomous process technology development, product development, design, and applied research. At the same time however, such Schumpeterian processes have now and then turned into exactly opposite processes of "destructive creation." Such processes seem to have become common among what could be called "submerging" economies: innovation only benefitting a few at the expense of many with as a result an opposite pattern of a long term reduction in overall welfare, productivity, and employment growth.