• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.109-137
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• 2020

Upo Wetland is the largest riverine wetland in Korea which has been inscribed on the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance in 1998. In this study, sedimentological study was carried out in order to understand the environmental changes in Upo Wetland during the Holocene. The drilling work for recovering the Quaternary sediments was conducted on the inner part (UPW17-01, UPW17-02, and UPW17-03) and the outer part (UPL17-01, UPL17-02) of the Upo Wetland. The recovered sediments are commonly characterized by gravel-dominated deposits in the lower part and silty clay-dominated deposits in the middle to upper parts respectively, which are seemed to be changed from fluvial to palustrine/lacustrine environments around 4,000 cal yr BP. In order to establish the Holocene diatoms distribution from Upo Wetland, we identified 63 diatom taxa. Of these, 14 species were new records for Korea: Gomphonema consector, Gomphonema jadwigiae, Hantzschia abundans, Luticola pseudomurrayi, Luticola spauldingiae, Neidium suboblongum, Ninastrelnikovia gibbosa, Oricymba rhynchocephala, Pinnularia borealis var. lanceolata, Pinnularia latarea, Pinnularia paliobducta, Pinnularia saprophila, Sellaphora laevissima, Stauroneis pseudoschimanskii. All identified diatom species are illustrated by high-quality scanning electron microscopic and light microscopic microphotographs. The ecological habitat for all taxa are presented.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.27-33
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• 2005

Objectives : This is the study of the application as the ingredients of cosmetics through the examination of the function for physiological activity of Chestnut inner shell. Methods : Chestnut inner shell, which had been extracted, concentrated, and freeze drying with water and ethanol, have been used for the experiment. The effects on electronic donating ability, SOD-like activity, xanthine oxidase inhibition, whitening effect, nitric oxide inhibition have been investigated in the physiological activity measurement of function experiment. Results : We used BHA and kogic acid for the comparative. As a result of testing electron donating ability, at over 100ppm of water extract and ethanol extract, BHA showed relatively high donating ability by more than 90%. And as a result of measuring SOD like activity, 1000ppm of water extract showed an effect of 30% and ethanol extract showed an effect of 40%, BHA showed an effect of 30%. In the xanthine oxidase inhibition test, 1000ppm of water extract showed an effect of 70% and ethanol extract showed an effect of 63%, BHA showed an effect of 100%. In the tyrosinase inhibition test, 1000ppm of water extract showed an effect of 55% and ethanol extract showed an effect of 87%, Kogic acid showed an effect of 98%. In the anti-inflammatory test, the water extract and ethanol extract inhibited the generation of nitric oxide. Conclusions : The results indicated that extract of Chestnut inner shell can be used as a natural ingredients with biological function in cosmetics ingredients.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.173-184
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• 2011

This study suggests the invigoration strategies of commercial and business functions for regeneration of old inner city as city center by examining Dangjin County which is a typical example of the local small-and-medium city where old inner city had declined as the city grew. I conducted a conjoint analysis in terms of important introduction functions and city regeneration directions for the invigoration. The results upon this are as follows. First, low-density of commercial and business places and the utilization of historical and cultural resources instead of the high-density mixed-use development should be considered. Second, It is important to promote regional specialized business and facilities rather than to attract new industry(high-tech industry) for activating local economy. Third, specific and practical countermeasures for resettlement of low-incomes and for maintenance of existing business zone should be established. Fourth, in terms of the maintenance and management, regulation on illegal commercial transactions, improvement of public spaces, and securement of user safety should be considered. Fifth, in terms of consolidation of functions, easier accessibility using public transportations, advertising and promotion of the city, and holding a number of events should be contemplated. Sixth, supporting for business activities and for establishing guides for design of old inner city should be needed. Seventh, public institutions should play a role as a bridge between local residences and experts for balanced regional development.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.78-86
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• 1999

The two parts of chestnut peels, outer and inner layers, were collected and investigated for cultivation of various mushrooms, i.e., Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinus edodes, Hericium ramosum and the others. The inner layer of chestnut peels was contaminated with the mycelia of the blue fungi when collected, consisted of 17~20 % holocellulose, being a good material for growths of the above fungi. The outer layer was considered to be poor materials for fungal growth, because of lower amounts of minerals. Both mushrooms of Pleurotus ostreatus and Hericium ramosum grow well, and were produced fruiting bodies on the solid media containing only inner layers of chestnut peels. The Imhyup No.6 and Imhyup No.7 varieties of Lentinus edodes grow well, but produced few fruiting bodies in the solid media containing only inner layers of chestnut peels. The growth patterns of P. ostreatus and L. edodes were evaluated by production of $CO_2$. and considered to be different according to fungi. The inner layers of chestnut peels as agricultural by-products were considered to be a good material for mushroom cultivation, and outer layers could be used as being added with the other additives. The chestnut peels, being the environmental pollutants in rural areas, was considered to be a good substrate for mushroom cultivation.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.87-92
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• 2009

An experimental investigation is conducted to study a 2-phase vertically upward hydraulic transport of solid particles by water and non-Newtonian fluids in a slim hole concentric annulus with rotation of the inner cylinder. Rheology of particulate suspensions in viscoelastic fluids is of importance in many applications such as particle removal from surfaces, transport of proppants in fractured reservoir and cleaning of drilling holes, etc. In this study, a clear acrylic pipe was used in order to observe the movement of solid particles. Annular velocities varied from 0.3 m/s to 2.0 m/s. The mud systems included fresh water and CMC solutions. Main parameters considered in the study were inner-pipe rotation speed, fluid flow regime and particle injection rate. A particle rising velocity and pressure drop in annulus have been measured for fully developed flows of water and of aqueous solutions. For both water and 0.2% CMC solutions, the higher the concentration of the solid particles is, the larger the pressure gradients become.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.5B
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• pp.381-387
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• 2003

The importance of protection for data and information is increasing by the rapid development of information communication and network. And concern of the private-information protection is increasing for the requested user's demand. Analysis of unknown signal characteristics is importance for the safe system maintenance from hacker and cracker. Detected target of unknown signals is virus, inner invader and outer invader, etc. Because existed unknown signal detection method exist individually for the virus, inner invader and outer invader system performance is very lower and system cost is very much. Therefore, in this paper proposed merging IDS system performs detection for virus, inner intrusion and outer intrusion method. Design of the proposed system is used Synopsys Ver. 1999.10 and VHDL coding. The proposed IDS system is practical in the system performance and cost for the individually existed IDS, and proposed IDS system utilized a part of system resources.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.95-114
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• 2009

The aim of this paper is to evaluate weight and priority values for 'inner consisted factors' and 'outer requested factors' of logistics system using the AHP(Analytic Hierarchicy Process) method. As for analysis regarding inner consisted factors, the results were shown as follows: a road transportation (0.312) as first rank; a marine transportation (0.269) as second rank; a railway transportation (0.239) as third rank; an air transportation (0.118) as fourth rank, and a pipeline transportation (0.063) as fifth rank. In terms of analysis regarding outer requested factors, the results were came out as follows: an infrastructure (0.322) as first rank; a performance (0.206) as second rank; an information system (0.151) as third rank; a human resources (0.121) as fourth rank, a business environment (0.075) as fifth rank; a connectivity (0.073) as sixth rank, and a political environment (0.052) as seventh rank.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.210-216
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• 2022

The army is concerned about the decrease in enlistment resources due to the low birth rate and the weakening of military combat power due to the shortening of the military service period. Now, the military's quantitative growth is no longer limited and it is a time for qualitative growth. To this end, the Army has been applying the Israeli learning method Havruta to recruit training to improve the quality of training since 2019. After applying Havruta, several scholars have studied the effect of recruit training applying Havruta. As a result, it was verified that recruit training applying Havruta improves the inner motive, creativity, and military service value of trainees. This study investigated how trainees' inner motive, creativity, and military service value affect their satisfaction and achievement. In addition, it was studied whether the effect of recruit training applied with Havruta on achievement differs according to the educational background (high school graduate or higher) and military family (professional soldiers within 4th degree) of the trainees. To this end, a survey was conducted on 472 recruits, and the structural relationship between each variable and the moderating effect were analyzed using the structural equation model. As a result of the study, military service value did not affect training satisfaction. Also, there was a difference in the effect of creativity on training satisfaction according to the educational background of new recruits, and there was a difference in the effect of military service value on training satisfaction and training achievement according to military family members. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the improvement of the army's recruit training development plan and effective training system.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.242-246
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• 2012

The variation in random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were examined for Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge seeds from three plantations (Inner Mongolia [IM], Liaoning [LN], and Shandong [SD] province) in China. Mean genetic variation was measured by polymorphism percentage (42.10%) and expected heterozygosity (He=1.27). Among three populations, Shandong showed the highest values both in polymorphism percentage and heterozygosity (p=57.89; Ho=1.58; and He=1.37). Total genetic diversity value, based on the total loci, was estimated as total genetic diversity of the species (Ht)=0.27 and mean within-population genetic diversity (Hs)=0.16. UPGMA cluster analysis showed the genetic closeness between Inner Mongolia and Liaoning population, but that Shandong seems to be the separate population.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.277-283
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• 2003

This paper constructed the 3D real-time numerical model for which predicts the water quality and movement characteristics of the inner bay, which consider the characteristics of the wind-driven current and density current in estuaries which generated by the river discharge from the Hyeong-san river and oceanic water of the Eastern sea. The constructed numerical model reappeared successfully the seawater circulation current of Yeong-il Bay, which used the input conditions of the real-time tidal current, river discharge and weather conditions at March of 2001 year. Also to observe the wind-driven current and density current in estuaries effected to the seawater circulation pattern of the inner bay, we investigated the analyzation for the each impact factors and the relationship with the water quality of Yeong-il bay