• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.1351-1359
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• 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyse the differentially abundant proteins caused by freeze-thawing of ram sperm and explore candidate proteins of interest for their ability to improve ram sperm cryopreservation outcomes in vitro. Methods: Sperm were from three mature Dorper. Fresh and frozen sperm proteins were extracted, and the differentially abundant proteins were analysed by mass spectrometry. Among these proteins, lactoferrin (LTF) was selected to be added before cryopreservation. Next, sperm samples were diluted in Tris extender, with the addition of 0, 10, 100, 500, and 1,000 ㎍/mL of LTF. After thawing, sperm quality was evaluated by motility, plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Results: Cryopreservation significantly altered the abundance of 40 proteins; the abundance of 16 proteins was increased, while that of 24 proteins was decreased. Next, LTF was added to Tris extender applied to ram sperm. The results showed that sperm motility and plasma membrane integrity were significantly improved (p<0.05) by supplementation with 10 ㎍/mL LTF compared to those in the control group. There was no significant difference in mitochondrial activity between the 0 ㎍/mL group and other groups (p>0.05). Supplementation of the cryoprotective extender with 10 ㎍/mL LTF led to decreased ROS levels compared with those in the control and other groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The LTF is an important protein during cryopreservation, and the addition of 10 ㎍/mL LTF to a cryoprotective extender can significantly improve the function of frozen ram sperm.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.95-104
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• 2009

The study was carried out to analyze wood quality of coffin board, the wood species of coffin excavated in Youngdong, Korea. All coffin woods were identified as hard pines, Korean red pine(Pinus densiflora S. & Z.). According to wood quality of coffins, inner coffins of Bae Cheon-Jo and his wife showed similarity and dissimilarity comparing with several literatures. The similarity was in the structure of panels, bottom lining board and charcoal layer, and the dissimilarity was in jointing. From the analysis of fibrous materials attached to coffin woods, the paper mulberry and cotton fibers were identified. In the inner coffin of Bae Cheon-Jo, tool traces by handle planer were observed.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.6 s.134
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• pp.71-78
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• 2005

For the utilization of chestnut inner bark as forest biomass, this studies have been carried out cleary investigated about phenolic compounds from the diethyl ether solubles and ethyl acetate solubles of hot water extract from chestnut inner bark. 3 compound were isolated and their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods. They were known compounds, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydrixybenzoic acid and catechin. Electron donating ability (EDA) of 3 compounds were investigated. Gallic acid and catechin were found to higher EDA than control, ascorbic acid and $\alpha$-tocopherol in 10 ppm, and especially gallic acid has very higher EDA, 21 times than ascorbic acid. This gallic acid of chemical structure were substituted with free phenolic hydroxyl groups at meta and para position. It was supposed that phenolic hydroxyl groups in chemical structure was a EDA factor.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.71 no.6
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• pp.699-712
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• 2019

The reinforced concrete lining of hydraulic pressure tunnels tends to crack under high inner water pressure (IWP), which results in the inner water exosmosis along cracks and involves typical hydro-mechanical interaction. This study aims at the development, validation and application of an indirect-coupled method to simulate the lining cracking process. Based on the concrete damage plasticity (CDP) model, the utility routine GETVRM and the user subroutine USDFLD in the finite element code ABAQUS is employed to calculate and adjust the secondary hydraulic conductivity according to the material damage and the plastic volume strain. The friction-contact method (FCM) is introduced to track the lining-rock interface behavior. Compared with the traditional node-shared method (NSM) model, the FCM model is more feasible to simulate the lining cracking process. The number of cracks and the reinforcement stress can be significantly reduced, which matches well with the observed results in engineering practices. Moreover, the damage evolution of reinforced concrete lining can be effectively slowed down. This numerical method provides an insight into the cracking process of reinforced concrete lining in hydraulic pressure tunnels.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.1501-1510
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• 2019

Objective: An experiment was conducted to evaluate genetic diversity of 26 Chinese indigenous goats by 30 microsatellite markers, and then to define conservation priorities to set up the protection programs according to the weight given to within- and between-breed genetic diversity. Methods: Twenty-six representative populations of Chinese indigenous goats, 1,351 total, were sampled from different geographic regions of China. Within-breed genetic diversity and marker polymorphism were estimated calculating the mean number of alleles, observed heterozygosities, expected heterozygosities, fixation index, effective number of alleles and allelic richness. Conservation priorities were analyzed by statistical methods. Results: A relatively high level of genetic diversity was found in twenty-four population; the exceptions were in the Daiyun and Fuqing goat populations. Within-breed kinship coefficient matrices identified seven highly inbred breeds which should be of concern. Of these, six breeds receive a negative contribution to heterozygosity when the method was based on proportional contribution to heterozygosity. Based on Weitzman or Piyasatian and Kinghorn methods, the breeds distant from others i.e. Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat, Chengdu Brown goat and Leizhou goat obtain a high ranking. Evidence from Caballero and Toro and Fabuel et al method prioritized Jining Gray goat, Liaoning Cashmere goat, and Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat, which agree with results from Kinship-based methods. Conclusion: Conservation priorities were determined according to multiple methods. Our results suggest Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat (most methods), Jining Gray goat and Liaoning Cashmere goat (high contribution to heterozygosity and total diversity) should be prioritized based on most methods. Furthermore, Daiyun goat and Shannan White goat also should be prioritized based on consideration of effective population size. However, if one breed can continually survive under changing conditions, the straightforward approach would be to increase its utilization and attraction for production via mining breed germplasm characteristics.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

This study concerns the characteristics of helical flow in a concentric and eccentric annulus with a diameter ratio of 0.52 and 0.9, whose outer cylinders are stationary and inner ones are rotating. Pressure losses and skin friction coefficients have been measured for fully developed flows of water and 0.2% aqueous of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), respectively, when the inner cylinder rotates at the speed of 0-500 rpm. The effect of rotation on the skin friction is significantly dependent on the flow regime. In all flow regimes, the skin friction coefficient is increased by the inner cylinder rotation. The change of skin friction coefficient corresponding to the variation of rotating speed is large for the laminar flow regime, whereas it becomes smaller as Re increases for the transitional flow regime and, then, it gradually approach to zero for the turbulent flow regime.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2016

This paper is devoted to evaluate the effect of bilingual mathematics learning of Mongolian students in the primary school of Inner Mongolia. The study used tests and examined 305 Mongolian students' math achievement from Mongolian school and 277 Mongolian students from Mongolian and Han mixed school, at the same time 301 students from Guangxi regular primary school for comparison. Multivariate statistical analysis shows that there is no significant difference between these students. The results showed that the implementation of bilingual mathematics education in Inner Mongolia have achieved the desired effect. The reasons leading to the observed results are analyzed. There is a long history of bilingual education in Inner Mongolia, so the bilingual education system is complete, and the bilingual teaching resources are relatively abundant, especially the mathematics term translation between Mongolian and Chinese is standardized and unified.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.159-169
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• 2004

Sedimentation and depositional pattern of the fine-grained sediments in the southeastern inner shelf of Korea were studied using a very high-resolution seismic profiles and sediment data. The recent mud deposits up to 45 m thick are distributed in the inner shelf forming a nearshore belt from the eastern part of Geoje Island to off the Pohang along the coast. The sediment in this area consists of homogeneous mud with mean grain size between $8.6\;to\;5.3\phi$ and does not show any distinct variability It gradually becomes finer and well sorted northeastward along the coast. Sediments normally appear as structureless massive mud but X-radiographs show that some bioturbation and faint lamination are present. The sediments accumulate at a rate of 0.18-0.44 cm/yr and the rate coincides well with the long-term (a 1000-year scale) accumulation based on very high-resolution seismic data. Distribution of wet bulk density and velocity shows a gradual increase from the southeastern part of Ulsan to off Pohang, whereas porosity shows a reverse pattern. Correlations between velocity and porosity/mean grain size are different from other regions compared, due to the difference of sediment texture and sedimentary environment. The recent shelf deposits are seismically characterized by three distinct facies: 1) well-stratified (near the river mouth), 2) semi-transparent (eastern part of Geoje Island), and 3) transparent (off Ulsan). The results suggest that fine-grained sediment derived from rivers, forming a nearshore mud belt, have been transported northeastward by the northeastward-flowing coastal current.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.221-253
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• 2024

Eight new species of the genus Acanthomolgus are described as external associates of octocorallian corals from Korea. As diagnostic features of these new species, A. taenichaetatus n. sp. has ribbon-like distal caudal setae; A. jei n. sp. and A. crassae n. sp. have no inner proximal expansion on the exopodal segment of female leg 5, and the former species has only three setae on the maxillule (vs. four setae in other seven species). Acanthomolgus notialis n. sp. is similar to A. oporinus n. sp. in having a rounded inner proximal expansion on the exopodal segment of female leg 5, but the latter species is distinguished from the former by having longer caudal rami which are about 1.5 times longer than wide, by having a longer inner seta of the maxilla which is three quarters as long as distal lash, and by having unequal setae on the basis of maxilliped. Acanthomolgus dokdoicus n. sp., A. rugosus n. sp. and A. triplus n. sp. appear to be similar to one another in having an ear-like inner proximal expansion on the exopodal segment of female leg 5, but the genital double-somite of the female is distinctly longer than wide in A. rugosus n. sp. (wider than long in other two species), and the third endopodal segment of the antenna is distinctly shorter than the first endopodal segment in A. triplus n. sp. (vice versa in other two species). This is the first record on the genus Acanthomolgus in the temperate West Pacific.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.213-226
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• 2013

Agricultural tourism is a new kind of industry, which combined agriculture with tourism. It not only has the productive function, but also has the function of improving the quality of ecological environment and supplying people with sightseeing, leisure, vacation. Agricultural tourism is a new kind of industry from the amalgamation of agriculture and tourism: it is based on farm work, characterized by agricultural management, combines agriculture and tourism, and includes the city as a market-place. It satisfies tourist demand with food, lodging, excursions, shopping and entertainment provided by agricultural places and agricultural products. After combining the substance of this study with the primary sources regarding the development of agricultural tourism, I suggest plans for the development of local agricultural tourism on the basis of sustainable tourism theory in case of the Inner Mongolia region. To conduct research, various data such as literature research and surveys are collected and analyzed. According to the result of the research, the Inner Mongolia region has great-wealthy resources for agricultural tourism. However, they have problems as well such as lack of funds, low infrastructure, low business-mind level, low management-mind, the scarcity of mid-supporting organizations for research and education, low awareness, and low service level of the agricultural tourism. In order to solve these problems, have to strengthen publicity, strengthen the county and city communication, educates continuously profession talented person, establish related laws and regulations, increase the integrity of infrastructure. As a developing industry, agricultural tourism is a new field of study which needs more encouraging research. The agricultural tourism of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has only just started development resulting in a limited amount of information available for this study. Future planned work entails a continuous in-depth study of Chinese agricultural tourism, considering Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in particular.