• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.77-87
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• 2017

The purpose of This study was to compare the effect of Convergence-Based russian current(RC) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS) on pain, muscle strength, function of knee who had a surgical anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR). A total of 40 Participants divided into 2 groups, with ACLR, were assigned to russian current group(RCG) or transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation group(TENSG). Both groups were measured by varieties of tests: visual analog scale(VAS), knee flexion & extension muscle strength, knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score(KOOS), korean lower extremity functional scale(LEFS). Both groups has shown significant changes within the measurements of VAS, Knee Flexion & Extension muscle strength, KOOS and LEFS. The RCG had more significant increase within knee extension muscle strength, LEFS compared to TENSG. By studying this research, both interventions were effective to ACLR patients, moreover, RC was more effective for knee muscle strength and lower extremity function than the TENS.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.24-29
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• 1999

Purpose : The purpose of this paper is to analyze the clinical results after meniscal repair using meniscal arrow. Materials and Methods : Between May 1997 and Aug 1998, we repaired 22 tom menisci in 22 patients using meniscal arrows. There were nineteen males and three females with an average age of 27 years. There were longitudinal tear in 14 cases, Bucket-handle tear were 7 cases and horizontal tear was in 1 case. In 22 meniscus tears, 16 cases were associated with anterior cruciate ligament tear. Average number of meniscal arrow that was used were 2.5(ranged 1 to 4). Average follow-up period was 14.7 months(ranged 6 to 22 months). We evaluated the clinical results by the Tapper and Hoover's grading system. Results : There were excellent in 16 cases, good in 4 cases and fair in 2 cases on the clinical results. At the last follow up, the range of the motion of the knee joint were average 135 degrees(ranged 125 to 140 degrees). Mean time elapsed for meniscal repair were 25 minutes(ranged 15 to 40 minutes). Conclusion : Meniscal arrow has many advantages such as short operative time, easy fixation technique, and less neurovascular injury. We think that arthroscopic meniscal repair using meniscal arrow is effective treatment method in selected patient who have longitudinal, bucket-handle tear at the posterior hom associated with anterior cruciate ligament tear.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.140-145
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• 2011

Purpose: Installing a radial head prosthesis has developed into a reliable procedure to replace the native radial head for treating unreconstructible radial head fracture when this is associated with an unstable elbow or forearm. A variety of implants have been developed and these are now commercially available. This article reviews the literature related to the indications, the available implants and the surgical techniques of radial head replacement arthroplasty. Materials and Methods: The main indication for a metallic radial head prosthesis is a comminuted fracture that is not amenable to reconstruction, and particularly if it is associated with complex elbow injuries. Excision of the radial head should be avoided in the presence of combined injured ligaments or interosseous membrane injury. Three different implants are available in Korea, including the bipolar, press fit monopolar and loose fit monopolar radial head prostheses. A primary technical goal of radial head arthroplasty is the insertion of an implant that closely replicates the native radial head. The major pitfall when using a metallic radial head prosthesis is the insertion of a longer implant, which results in overstuffing of the radiocapitellar joint. Results and Conclusion: Satisfactory clinical results can be anticipated when a radial head prosthesis is used for the correct indications and when a systemic approach is undertaken to ensure proper sizing. For the future studies, we need data regarding the long term outcomes and comparison of the various types of prostheses.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.207-215
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• 2009

There has been a diversity of therapeutic interventions for patients with chronic low back pain. However most of them have been focused on only pain. But the patients usually have a kind of structurally abnormal have fixed in lumbar vertebrae, which can decrease range of joint movement and, what is worse, reduce immediate dynamic balancing ability(IDBA). The reduced IDBA can increase the risk of injury and decrease coping ability in dangerous situation. So we introduced Maitland's manual therapy in this study in order to recover the IDBA in patients with chronic low back pain. Sixty-four patients diagnosed with chronic low back pain were included for the study. Among them, thirty-two patients(experimental group) were managed by Maitland's manual therapy, another thirty-tow patients(control group) were treated by physical science methods(H/P, TENS, U/S). Each group made use of highly reliable(0.81$\sim$0.96) star excursion balance test(SEBT) to compare the possible changes of IDBAs in two groups after treatment. In experimental group, IDBA has increased in forward, rightward, leftward, and backward, but in control group, not changed. According to the results, we concluded that Maitland's manual therapy is effective for increasing IDBA by making joints more flexible in lumbar vertebrae.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.125-139
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze a kinematic characteristics of throwing performance among born visually impaired, postnatal visually impaired and visually correct people through their kinematic characteristics. Another purpose of this study is to prevent injury and improve blind's exercise leadership and physical abilities. Three video cameras were used and each camera's shooting velocity was 60field/sec. Then the longest thrown pose was collected and analyzed by using Kwon 3D ver. 3.1 program. The results obtained from this study were followings; 1. During release, the fastest speed of ball was visually corrected followed by postnatal visually impaired and then born visually impaired. 2. Visually corrected used wrist joint well and had wide body round range with similar motion patterns, however born visually impaired couldn't do this at all. 3. Visually corrected used waist to lead shoulder at Phase 2 while throwing ball, but some of born visually impaired and postnatal visually impaired couldn't use waist to lead shoulder. 4. Visually corrected looked at the way where ball would go, but blinds couldn't look where ball would go. 5. Not like visually corrected who show similar patterns, born visually impaired showed each different patterns and some postnatal visually impaired showed similar patterns with visually corrected. 6. While throwing ball, visually corrected showed flexible weight-movement, postnatal visually impaired were not good as visually corrected, and born visually impaired couldn't do weight-movement at all. Synthetically, this result showed that throwing motions are affected a lot by the time when people became blind.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.92-98
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• 2007

Introduction: The treatment of proximal humeral fracture is traditionally determined by Neer's classification system. The severely displaced three-part or four-part fracture is an indication for primary hemiarthroplasty. The current authors report the clinical results of 10 patients who received hemiarthroplasty for proximal comminuted fractures. The minimum follow-up period was 12 months. Materials and Methods: The current authors studied 10 patients who, between July 1999 and March 2005, each received hemiarthroplasty for a proximal humeral fracture of one shoulder. According to Neer's classification system, 5 of the patients had three-part fractures, and 5 of the patients had 4-part fractures. The mean interval between trauma and hemiarthroplasty was 6.1 days. The mean age of the 6 female and 4 male patients was 67.4 years(range: 56 to 76). Shoulder function was evaluated using the Constant score, the Simple Shoulder Test, and the modified UCLA score. Results: The mean Constant score was 51.4(range: 34 to 60). The mean modified SST score was 7.8 out of 12 tasks. Excluding the one patient who had also sustained an axillary artery rupture and a brachial plexus injury after the initial trauma, the mean Constant score for the remaining 9 patients was 53.5(range: 44 to 60), and the mean SST score was 7.2 tasks. The modified UCLA score averages for pain, function, and active forward flexion and strength were, respectively, 8.2($6{\sim}10$), 6.6($2{\sim}8$), and 6.9($4{\sim}8$). The total UCLA score was an average of 21.7($12{\sim}26$). Patients' the modified UCLA ratings were as follows: Excellent: 3, Good: 6, and Poor: 1. The patient with the poor outcome was the one who had also sustained the neurovascular injury. Patient's subjective satisfaction rating were as follows: Excellent: 2, Good: 7, and Poor: 1. Conclusion: Based on short term follow-up results, this study indicates that hemiarthroplasty is the treatment of choice for proximal humeral fractures on which it would be difficult to perform open reduction and internal fixation. Hemiarthroplasty is a useful treatment modality to prevent shoulder stiffness and to allow daily living tasks in elderly patients. However, restoration of muscle power and range of joint motion were not recovered satisfactorily.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.80-88
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• 1997

Malignant tumors of extremeties involving major neurovascular structures have been treated by amputation. However recent development of diagnostic tools(CT, MRI etc.), surgical techniques, anticancer chemotherapeutic agents, and radiation techniques allow surgeons to treat malignant tumors in the limb without amputation. It has been reported that a local application of low-heat to the tissue with tumor can kill tumor cells. It is, however, not known if the attendant neural and vascular injuries may be recovered. The present study was, therefore, undertakn to address this question in rabbit sciatic nerves. A low-heat injury to the sciatic nerve was induced by perfusing the nerve with $60^{\circ}C$ saline for 30 minutes and the courses of functional and morphological recovery of the nerve were evaluated for 16 weeks. The results are summerized as follows : 1. In the electromyographic nerve conduction test the average amplitude was markedly attenuated at 4 and 8 weeks after the low-heat treatment, but it progressively increased to the level 89.5% of the control at 16 week post-treatment. The average latency in the control group was 0.62 msec. The latency in the experimental group was much longer than this at 4 and 8 week post-treatment, but it progressively reverted to the control level, showing 0.622 msec at 16 weeks. 2. In the needle EMG, many fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves were appeared until 8 weeks post-treatment. After 16 weeks, however, no fibrillation potential was observed. 3. In the early phase of post-treatment period, the myelinated nerve fibers contained many vacuoles and the number of myelinated nerve fibers appeared to be considerably reduced. However, as time goes myelinated nerve fibers were regenerated, such that after 16 weeks the histologic appearance of the nerve was similar to that of the control group.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.179-195
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• 2002

The purpose of this research is to provide a proper model by analyzing the sports biomechanical of physical movements on the basis of the two patterns(open-stance and cross-stance) at the ready-to-start pose. The subjects for this study are composed of five male handball players from P university and five female shooting players from S university. Three-way moving actions at start(right, left, and forward) are recorded with two high-speed video cameras and measured with two Force platforms and a EMG system. Three-dimensional action analyzer, GRF system, and Whole body reaction movement system are used to figure out the moving mechanisms at the start pose. The analytic results of the moving mechanism at the start pose were as follows. 1. Through examining the three-way moving actions at start, I have found the cross-stance pose is better for the moving speed of body weight balance than the open-stance one. 175 degree of knee joint angle at "take-off" and 172 degree of hip joint angle were best for the start pose. 2. The Support time and GRF data shows that the quickest center of gravity shift was occurred when cross-stanced male subjects started to move toward his lefthand side. The quickest male's average supporting time of left and right foot is 0.19${\pm}$0.07 sec., 0.26${\pm}$0.06sec. respectively. The supporting time difference between two feet is 0.07sec. 3. Through analyzing GRF of moving actions at start pose, I have concluded that more than 1550N are overloaded on one foot at the open-stance start, and the overloaded force may cause physical injury. However, at the cross-stance pose, The GRF are properly dispersed on both feet, and maximum 1350N are loaded on one foot.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.160-168
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• 2003

Purpose : To analyze the anterior stability and functional results after the arthroscopic ACL reconstruction and meniscectomy based on meniscus status at the time of surgery. Materials and Methods : From October 1997 to October 2002, 78 patients (male 64 female 14) were treated by arthroscopic ACL reconstruction and meniscectomy and followed more than 12 months (range, $12\~72$ months, average: 32 months). Average age was 32 years old (range, $18\~57$ years old). We divided the patients into 4 groups; Both menisci was intact (BMI, control group), lateral meniscus removed (LMR), medial meniscus removed (MMR) and both menisci removed (BMR). Anterior passive displacement (objective stability) was estimated using KT-2000 arthrometer under the loading of 15lb,20lb and 30lb and evaluated anterior drawer test, Lachman test, range of motion, thigh circumference. Functional evaluation system of IKDC, OAK and Lysholm knee score was used. Results : Average anterior displacement under the loading of 30lb were 2.47 mm, 2.96 mm, 2.96 mm and 3.57 mm in each group(BMI, LMR, MMR, BMR) and it was statistically significant difference (p<0.05). There is no statistically significant difference in average anterior displacement under the loading of 15lb and 20lb in each group but it has showed decreasing tendency in meniscal removed groups. The mean anterior displacement was within 3 mm in 21 cases, 15 cases, 24 cases and 12 cases (total 72 cases, $94\%$) under the loading of 15lb and 20 cases, 15 cases, 24 cases and 11 cases (total 70 cases, $91\%$) under the loading 20lb of in each group and postoperative knee joint stability has showed increasing tendency (p>0.05). The mean score was 94.5, 93.2, 92.2 and 90.4 points in each group and 71 cases $(91\%)$ were more than excellent or good with a OAK score and fair results were noted 4 cases in both meniscal removed group. There were 65 cases $(83\%)$ with a Lysholm knee score more than excellent or good, and IKDC grading were more than normal or nearly normal in 74 cases $(95\%)$ except 4 cases (2 cases in MMR group and 2 cases in BMR group). Conclusion : Long-term anterior stability and functional results of a successful ACL reconstruction affected by tile status of the menisci at the time of surgery and KT-2000 arthrometer was good for estimation of objective follow up.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.22-29
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• 2000

Purpose : The purpose of the current study was to report the results of curettage and en bloc excision as well as to introduce how to excise the nidus percutaneously with Halo-mill. Material and Methods : Twenty patients(14 men and 6 women) were evaluated, who had operative treatments after diagnosed as osteoid osteoma from March 1990 to January 1998. These patients ranged in age from 7 to 42 years(average: 20.8 years). Locations were 9 femurs, 6 tibias, 2 vertebras, 1 ulna, 1 maxilla and 1 skull. Nine femoral lesions included 5 proximal metaphysis, 2 neck and 2 diaphysis, while 5 tibial lesions included 3 diaphysis, 1 proximal metaphysis and 1 distal metaphysis. We used simple radiography, bone scan, CT and MRI for the accurate diagnosis and localization. As for surgical treatments, while excision and curettage had to need open-exposure of lesion, the percutaneous excision of nidus did not need openexposure : guided Halo-mill into K-wire inserted to nidus under image intensifier. Results : Simple radiography showed that 10 cases had typical nidus and others had only cortical sclerosis. Bone scan was performed at 14 cases and all had hot uptake except one case. We used CT in 10 cases and MRI in 4 cases as diagnostic methods, of which 1 case didn't reveal nidus at CT. Surgical treatment consisted of 6 curettages, 11 excisions, 2 percutaneous excisions with halo-mill and 1 total elbow arthroplasty. We used 7mm sized Halo-mill. During the follow-up period, all patient relieved symptoms and there were no recurrences. All had histologically typical findings except one which had hyperostosis without nidus. Conclusion : Complete removal of the nidus is the most important factor in the treatment. We could excise the nidus percutaneously in 2 cases with the minimal injury to surrounding soft tissues. If we could evaluate the precise location, size of nidus and percutaneous acccesibility, the percutaneous excision of nidus with Halo-mill could be an alternative method as a treatment of osteoid osteoma.