• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.48-55
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• 2018

While non-operative treatment with structured rehabilitation tends to be the strategy of choice in the management of Rockwood type III acromioclavicular joint injury, some advocate surgical treatment to prevent persistent pain, disability, and prominence of the distal clavicle. There is no clear consensus regarding when the surgical treatment should be indicated, and successful clinical outcomes have been reported for non-operative treatment in more than 80% of type III acromioclavicular joint injuries. Furthermore, there is no gold standard procedure for operative treatment of type III acromioclavicular joint injury, and more than 60 different procedures have been used for this purpose in clinical practice. Among these surgical techniques, recently introduced arthroscopic-assisted procedures involving a coracoclavicular suspension device are minimally invasive and have been shown to achieve successful coracoclavicular reconstruction in 80% of patients with failed conservative treatment. Taken together, currently available data indicate that successful treatment can be expected with initial conservative treatment in more than 96% of type III acromioclavicular injuries, whereas minimally invasive surgical treatments can be considered for unstable type IIIB injuries, especially in young and active patients. Further studies are needed to clarify the optimal treatment approach in patients with higher functional needs, especially in high-level athletes.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.281-296
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• 2021

The beneficial effects of hypoxic preconditioning are abolished in the diabetes. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of repeated episodes of whole body hypoxic preconditioning (WBHP) in db/db mice. The protective effects of preconditioning were explored on diabetes-induced vascular dysfunction, cognitive impairment and ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced increase in myocardial injury. Sixteen-week old db/db (diabetic) and C57BL/6 (non-diabetic) mice were employed. There was a significant impairment in cognitive function (Morris Water Maze test), endothelial function (acetylcholine-induced relaxation in aortic rings) and a significant increase in IR-induced heart injury (Langendorff apparatus) in db/db mice. WBHP stimulus was given by exposing mice to four alternate cycles of low (8%) and normal air O₂ for 10 min each. A single episode of WBHP failed to produce protection; however, two and three episodes of WBHP significantly produced beneficial effects on the heart, brain and blood vessels. There was a significant increase in the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nitric oxide (NO) in response to 3 episodes of WBHP. Moreover, pretreatment with the BDNF receptor, TrkB antagonist (ANA-12) and NO synthase inhibitor (L-NAME) attenuated the protective effects imparted by three episodes of WBHP. These pharmacological agents abolished WBHP-induced restoration of p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β ratio and Nrf2 levels in IR-subjected hearts. It is concluded that repeated episodes of WHBP attenuate cognitive impairment, vascular dysfunction and enhancement in IR-induced myocardial injury in diabetic mice be due to increase in NO and BDNF levels that may eventually activate GSK-3β and Nrf2 signaling pathway to confer protection.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.185-188
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• 2008

견봉-쇄골 관절 손상은 흔히 견관절 상외측에서의 직접적인 외상으로 발생한다. Rockwood 제4형 손상은 상대적으로 드물게 생기며, 다발성 외상 환자의 경우 타 손상으로 쉽게 잘못 진단되어지거나 간과되어지는 경우가 있다. 제 4형 손상 환자의 잘못된 치료를 피하기 위해서는 견봉-쇄골 관절의 세심한 이학적 검사와 적절한 방사선학적 검사가 필요하다. 이에 저자들은 다발성 늑골 골절이 동반된 제 4형 견봉-쇄골 관절 손상을 초기에 진단하지 못하고 간과한 2예를 변형 Weaver-Dunn 재건술로 치료하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권11호
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• pp.1628-1633
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the difference and correlation in elbow joint maximal flexion strength according to measurement methods and characteristics of muscular contraction, and to develop the predictive equation of elbow joint maximal flexion strength for the optimal exercise intensity setting and accurate measurement. Subjects were 30 male university students. Elbow joint maximal flexion strength of isokinetic contraction, isometric contraction at $75^{\circ}$ elbow joint flexion position, isotonic concentric 1RM, manual muscle strength (MMT) were measured with isokinetic dynamometer, dumbbell, and manual muscle tester. Pearson's r, linear regression equation, and multiple regression equation between variables were calculated. As a result, the highest value was isometric contraction. The second highest value was MMT. The third highest value was isokinetic contraction. 1RM was the lowest. Predictive equations of elbow joint maximal flexion strength between isometric and isokinetic contraction, between isometric contraction and 1RM, among isometric contraction, 1RM, and body weight were developed. In conclusion, 1RM and isokinetic elbow joint maximal flexion strength could be seemed to underestimate the practical elbow joint maximal flexion strength. And it is suggested that the developed predictive equations in this study should be useful in criteria- and goal-setting for resistant exercise and sports rehabilitation after elbow joint injury.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2008

반복적으로 던지는 동작은 주관절에 심한 기계적인 스트레스를 주며, 주된 기전은 외반력이며 그 결과 내측 인장력과 외측 압박력, 후방부의 충돌현상이 발생한다. 성장기나 청년기에 지속적인 스트레스는 주관절에 해부학적 변화를 유발할 수 있다는 위험성을 운동선수와 가족, 코치들은 반드시 잘 이해하고 있어야 한다. 스포츠와 관련된 주관절 손상을 막기 위하여 적절한 운동법 교육, 워밍업, 의학적 전문 지식, 보호 장구 등이 필요하다. 또한 손상 예방과 재활은 적절한 투구 동작, 근력 강화, 견갑골에 대한 조절, 관절 운동 범위의 적절한 유지가 필수적이다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.497-500
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• 1999

A 4 years old male mixed breed dog, which weighed 25.5 kg, referred to Veterinary Teaching Hospital at College of Veterinary Medicine in Chonnam National University, because of chronic hindleg lameness. Click sound by flexion and extension of stifle joint, positive reaction by cranial drawer movement, fat pad sign and tibial position in cranial drawer position on the lateral radiographic view, medial patellar luxation (grade II), and lameness score 2.5 at standing and 2 at walking in right hindleg were showed. Under general anesthesia with enflurane, after medial arthrotomy, it was performed to remove remnants of cranial cruciate ligament and torn medial menisci and joint closed. In modified retinacular imbrication technique, one lateral fabellar/tuberosity suture, one medial fabellar/tuberosity suture, and one imbrication suture adjacent to the patella were placed. At 9 days after operation, lameness score 0 was observed and general condition was excellent.

• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한견주관절학회 2004년도 연수강좌
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• pp.176-179
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• 2004

Arthroscopy of the stiff elbow joint is a technically difficult procedure because of the decreased joint space of the elbow joint. even to experienced surgeons. Problems encountered include limited access of instrument to the intra-articular ,pace and an increased risk of cartilage injury in the contracted elbow joint. This study describes a novel transarticular approach for elbow arthroscopy that allow, the safe and effective creation of the proximal medial and lateral portals.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.510-513
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• 2006

Purpose: The Rectus abdominis muscle free flap is utilized in various reconstruction surgeries due to easiness in harvesting, consistency of vascular pedicle and reduced donor site morbidity. But rarely, femoral nerve injury during rectus abdominis harvesting can be resulted. We report a case of femoral nerve injury after rectus muscle harvesting and discuss the injury mechanism with the follow-up process of this injury. Methods: To reconstruct the defect of middle cranial base after wide excision of cystic adenocarcinoma of the external ear, rectus muscle free flap was havested in usual manner. To achieve a long vessel, inferior epigastric artery was dissected to the dividing portion of femoral artery and cut. Results: One week after the surgery, the patient noted sensory decrease in the lower leg, weakness in muscle strength, and disabilities in extension of the knee joint resulting in immobilization. EMG and NCV results showed no response on stimulation of the femoral nerve of the left leg, due to the defects in femoral nerve superior to the inguinal ligament. With routine neurologic evaluations and physical therapy, on the 75th day after the operation, the patient showed improvement in pain, sensation and muscle strength, and was able to move with walking frame. In 6 months after the operation, recovery of the muscle strength of the knee joint was observed with normal flexion and extension movements. Conclusion: Rarely, during dissection of the inferior epigastric artery, injuries to the femoral nerve can be resulted, probably due to excessive traction or pressure from the blade of the traction device. Therefore, femoral nerve injury can be prevented by avoiding excessive traction during surgery.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2017

본 연구는 고령자의 안전 안심디자인을 위한 기초연구로 손상을 사전 예방이 가능한 사회문제로 인식하고, 손상 위험요인을 명확하게 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 국민건강영양조사 제6기 원시자료를 이용하였고 분석결과, 사회적 특성은 '성별, 교육수준, EuroQoL(운동능력, 일상활동, 통증 불편), 삶의 질(PHQ-(1)(2)(4)항목), 스트레스 인지율, 일상생활 활동제한 여부와 사유(골절, 관절부상)'이었다. 역학적 특성은 만성질환인 '엉덩관절통, 당뇨병'이었고, 건강행태적 특성은 '흡연, 아침식사 횟수, 고강도의 신체활동 여부'이었다. 결론적으로 고령자의 손상위험은 여성, 교육수준이 낮을수록, 보행 및 일상 활동에 지장 및 제한이 있고, 통증 및 불편도가 심할수록, 스트레스 인지율이 높을수록, 일을 하는 것에 대한 흥미나 재미가 없고, 가라앉은 느낌, 우울감 혹은 절망감, 피곤감, 기력이 저하됨을 느낄수록, 골절 및 관절부상, 일상생활에 제한이 있고 그 사유가 골절 및 관절부상인 경우, 엉덩관절통과 당뇨병이 있을수록, 흡연자이고, 아침식사를 거의 안할수록, 고강도의 신체활동을 하지 않을 경우에 높아짐을 알 수 있었다. 이를 토대로 유기적인 관계 속에서 발생하는 손상 요인에 대한 디자인 측면에서의 효과적인 해결방안 모색이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1477-1478
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• 2011