• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2009

Purpose: Many studies have addressed a psychiatric analysis of self-injury patients who have self-injurious behavior and who have attempted suicide. Few studies on the injury characteristics of self-injury related trauma patients have been conducted. We analyzed the injury characteristics of self-injury patients. Methods: A retrospective review of the medical records extracted from the injury surveillance system of Wonju Christian Hospital for the period from August 2006 to February 2008 was conducted. Of the 121 cases extracted, 103 were included in this study. We analyzed the sex ratio, age group, place of injury, injury mechanism, location of injury, management results, injury severity, and relation with drinking. Results: One hundred three cases were included (sex ratio: 1.06), and the mean age was $33.9{\pm}14.2$ years old. Fifty-six patients (54.4%) were discharged from the emergency department (ED) on the day of injury after primary care, and 9 patients (8.7%) were discharged, because they refused treatment. Seven patients (6.8%) died. Of these, 4 patients (3.9%) died after attempted cardio-pulmonary resuscitation in the ED, 1 patient (1%) was dead on arrival, and 2 patients (1.9%) died after admission. Sixteen patients (15.5%) were admitted to the hospital, including 2 patients (1.9%) needing emergency surgery. Sixteen patients (15.5%) were transferred to other hospitals. Sixty-one cases (59.2%) involved drinking, and 31 (30.1%) did not; for 11 cases (10.7%), the involvement of drinking was unknown. The mean revised trauma score (RTS) was $11.26{\pm}2.52$, and 88 cases (85.4%) hat a RTS of 12. The mean injury severity score (ISS) was $5.80{\pm}14.56$, and 9 (8.7%) severely injured patients had scores of more than 15. Conclusion: Most self-injuries were mild traumas related to drinking and occurred at a young age. Most cases were not so severe, and the patients were discharged from the ED, but some patients needed hospitalization. Other patients had injuries so severe that they died.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2001

최근에는 외상이 증가되는 추세이며, 외상 받은 치아에 대한 조속한 치료와 올바른 처치를 위해선 외상성 손상에 대한 역학적인 면을 아는 것이 중요하다. 본 조사의 목적은 강릉대학교 치과병원 소아치과에 외상을 주소로 내원한 아동 120명(재외상환자 포함)에 대한 성별 및 나이에 따른 발생 빈도, 손상 받은 치아의 개수, 손상 유형, 원인 및 손상 받은 장소, 월별, 시간대별 빈도, 손상 받은 치아의 위치, 외상 후 내원까지의 경과시간 등에 대한 조사를 통해 외상에 대한 교육과 예방에 도움이 되고자 시행하였다. 1. 성별에 따른 발생 빈도는 1.6 : 1로 남아의 비율이 높았다. 2. 나이에 따른 발생 빈도는 2~4세와 8~10세 때 빈도가 높았다. 3. 외상시 손상 받은 치아의 개수는 1개일 경우(51.7%)가 많았다. 4. 손상의 유형은 유치에서는 치주조직 손상이 많았고, 영구치는 경조직과 치주조직의 손상 비율이 유사하였으나 유치에 비해 경조직 손상의 비율이 많이 증가하였다. 5. 손상의 원인은 두 치열 모두에서 낙상의 비율이 높았으며 영구치열에서는 스포츠에 의한 손상 비율이 증가하였다. 6. 손상 받은 장소로는 유치는 집(38.8%), 영구치는 거리(42.5%), 학교(35%)의 비율이 높았다. 7. 월별 발생 빈도는 7월에서 빈도가 가장 높았다. 8. 시간대에 따른 빈도는 유치는 오전, 영구치는 오후에 높은 빈도를 보였다. 9. 외상시 손상 받은 치아의 위치는 유치, 영구치 모두 상악, 특히 중절치의 비율이 높았다. 10. 외상 후 내원까지의 경과시간 절반 이상(59.2%)가 당일에 내원하였으며, 손상 정도가 심할 경우가 경미한 손상일 경우보다 당일 내원하는 경우가 많았다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.472-482
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• 2016

본 연구는 노인 손상의 발생이 특정 지역 내 공간의 안전성과 통계적으로 유의한 관계에 있는지를 실증하는 데 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구 목적 수행을 위해 퇴원손상심층조사와 지역안전지수 자료를 결합해 6,572명의 노인 손상환자를 대상으로 손상의도성, 손상발생장소, 손상 시 활동, 손상기전에 따라 지역안전등급의 평균 차이가 있는지를 독립표본 t-검정과 일원배치 분산분석을 통해 검증하였다. 통계 검증 결과 손상의도성의 하위집단별 지역안전등급의 평균 차이는 유의하지 않았으나, 손상발생장소는 화재(t=-2.513, p<.05), 교통(t=-2.387, p<.05), 안전사고(t=-3.627, p<.001), 자살(t=-3.364, p<.01)의 4개 분야에서 집단 간 평균 차이가 있었다. 손상 시 활동은 화재(F=5.972, p<.01), 자연재해(F=6.454, p<.01), 안전사고(F=11.726, p<.001)의 3개 분야에서 집단 간 평균 차이가 있었다. 손상기전은 화재(F=9.267, p<.001), 교통(F=7.759, p<.001), 안전사고(F=3.285, p<.05), 자살(F=8.973, p<.001), 감염병(F=3.109, p<.05)의 5개 분야에서 집단 간 평균 차이가 있었다. 이러한 분석 결과를 토대로 지역안전지수의 개별 분야를 연구 소재로 삼은 선행연구의 보고 내용과 비교해 논의한 후 공간의 안전성 차원에서 노인 손상의 발생을 사전에 예방하고 발생률을 억제하기 위한 3가지의 정책적 실천적 함의를 도출해 제시하였다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.125-131
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• 2020

본 연구는 엘리트 유소년 태권도 선수들을 대상으로 골절 발생 위험을 감소시키고, 골다공증의 조기진단을 평가하는 지표로 사용되는 골밀도와 운동 수행능력을 판단하는 지표인 심폐기능, 그리고 선수들에게 최대의 적인 스포츠 손상과의 관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 골밀도와 심폐기능 그리고 스포츠 손상 간의 관계를 알아보기 위해 Pearson 상관관계 분석을 시행하였다. 또한, 골밀도가 심폐기능 및 스포츠 손상에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 단순 선형회귀 분석을 시행하였다. 골밀도는 환기량(r=.388) 및 최대산소 능력(r=.478) 그리고 스포츠 손상과 상관관계가 있었다(r=-.292). 또한, 골밀도가 .002, 및 .006씩 증가하면 환기(p=.001) 및 최대 산소능력은(p=.006) 1씩 높아진다. 또한, 골밀도가 .016씩 감소하면, 스포츠 손상의 발생이 1씩 증가한다(p=.044). 선수들의 골밀도 향상으로 스포츠 손상을 예방할 수 있으며, 향후 스포츠 손상 예방 프로그램으로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.406-416
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• 2001

This study is performed to confirm the influencing factors of family health protection behaviors using the variables included in Pender's Family Promotion Model. 1. The subjects are 110 families in preschooler family developmental stage, respondents are children's mother or father. These families are almost all nuclear types(95%), function of families is healthy as much as 8.0 the mean FAPGAR score. The prevalence rate of family members' illness was 14.7% these last 3 months, and 21.1 % of families responded suffered from injury for last 2 years. 2. The practice rate of injury prevention behavior is below a half in supervision and modifying of their home and residential environments, especially controlling through collaborative community power. The more familiar function score is the better practicing rates of injury prevention behaviors. 3. The injury prevention behaviors correlate to family size, health status of family member, and children's congenital defects with statistical significance. Families' economic condition correlates also significantly to family health status, cognition of benefits of injury prevention, cognition of the importance of community collecting power. And the recognition of the benefits of injury prevention correlates the adaptive health concept, family norms about injury prevention, economic status. 4. Considering family health promotion model. the general influencing factor is only affected to family protective behavior, and other paths don't affect to family's behaviors. In simple regression, the family protective behavior model explains 27.8%(P=0.05), significant factors are family function status, family size, chronic illness of family members', mother's education level. father's age. 5. To define of familiar preventive behavior as a unit is very important, but it has the limitation to solve the difficulties of family studies going with the operationalized difficulties of health promotion concept.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2014

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the causal relationship between use of levocetrizine or cetrizine, and liver injury, by comparing frequency and pattern of hepatotoxicity in levocetrizine or cetrizine prescribed patients. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study, using data retrieved from electronic medical record system. Among 1164 patients prescribed levocetrizine or cetrizine during study period (Jul, 2009 - Jun, 2010) at Seoul National University Hospital, 543 patients with more than 4- time liver function test (LFT) results were included in final analysis. Liver injury was defined as greater than 3 times elevated level of alanine aminotransferase or 2 times elevated level of alkaline phosphatase or total bilirubin, compared to upper limit of normal, in patient with normal liver function at baseline. The frequency and pattern of liver injury were assessed. Results: Incidence of liver injury in patients prescribed with levotcetrizine or cetrizine were 1.48% and 2.94%, respectively. With few exceptions, most injuries were shown to be hepatocellular type. Rapid recovery was observed after drug cessation and long term use tends to be associated with incidence of liver injury. In patient with digestive system disorder, rate of liver injury was significantly higher (p=0.011). Conclusion: The result of this study implies potential need of liver toxicity monitoring, especially in patients taking long term levecetrizine or cetrizine or in patient with digestive system disorder. However, prospective large scale observational study is needed to confirm liver injury associated with the use of levocetirizine or cetirizine.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.417-424
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• 2015

산업의 고도화 및 새로운 기계의 도입, 화학물질 사용 등 산업재해의 다양한 양상과 더불어 생산설비들의 자동화, 대형화로 인해 산업재해 발생의 양상이 점차 다양해지고 있다.국내 산업재해는 OECD(Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) 경제협력개벌기구대비, 상대적 하위수준에 있어 기업 발생 산업재해는 근로자들의 심리적 및 치료와 보상 손실에도 타격이 되어 기업 총 생산과 이윤 추구에도 중요문제가 야기되고 있다. 더불어, 장애자와 사망유족들의 증가로 생활 안정문제 등 사회적 문제도 제기된다. 이러한 동기에서 본 논문은 산업재해 통계와 산재예방사업을 분석하고, 시스템다이내믹스 법론을 이용하여 산업재해율을 예측하고 평가하는 모델을 개발하였다. 모델은 근로자수 모델, 재해자수 모델, 재해율 모델 등 총 12개의 모델로 구성되었고, 규모별 분석에서는 근로자수를 기준으로 12개 그룹으로, 업종별 분석에서는 제조업, 건설업 등 총 10개의 업종으로 구분하여 개발하였다. 개발된 모델을 토대로 업종별 규모별 산업재해율을 예측하고 산재예방사업을 다각도로 평가하는 방법론을 제시하였다.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2001

Spinal cord injury patients need rehabilitation after the acute stage. They should be cared for at home to decrease hospitalization. Home care nurses play an important role in making spinal cord injury patients who have physical. and psychosocial problems do their best. For effective care, home care nurses need standardized nursing intervention protocols for spinal cord injury patients, but they are rarely developed. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop home care nursing protocols, based on NIC, that are applicable to spinal cord injury patients at home. Forty home care nursing charts of spinal cord injury patients registered in a home care nursing agency from July 1st, 1994 to August 31st, 1999 in S city were analyzed. Fifteen home care nurses participated in this study as a user validity validation group, The results of this study are as follows. 1. Fifteen nursing diagnoses were classified through the frequency analysis of home care nursing charts and previous literature for 40 spinal cord injury patients: altered urinary elimination, constipation, high risk for impaired skin integrity, chronic pain, impaired skin integrity, impaired social interaction, knowledge deficit, bowel incontinence, high risk for injury, altered role performance, care giver role strain, impaired physical mobility, sexual dysfunction, dysreflexia, and ineffective breathing pattern. 2. Based on validation by experts and user validities, 93 nursing interventions which were above ICV(Index of Content Validity) .80 were chosen. 3. Nursing intervention protocols which showed above ICV .80 were developed.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.138-150
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• 2021

Purpose: This retrospective study aimed to investigate nursing interventions in patients with severe thoracic injury in trauma bay of a regional trauma center. Methods: Of the 1,780 patients admitted to the trauma bay of a regional trauma center in a university hospital in the Gyeonggi Province between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2019, 120 adult patients with severe thoracic injury who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Participants' clinical characteristics and nursing interventions were collected from electronic medical records after receiving ethical approval. Nursing interventions were classified using the terminology in the Nursing Intervention Classification. Results: The mean age of participants was 52.25 years and 72.5% of participants were male. The main areas of thoracic injury included lung parenchyma and pleura (95.8%). The mean Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) for thoracic injury was 3.13 and the mean Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 17.81. Fluid resuscitation, invasive hemodynamic monitoring, chest tube care, respiratory monitoring, artificial airway management, gastrointestinal tube care, mechanical ventilation management: airway insertion and stabilization, blood product administration, allergy management, and surgical preparation were performed significantly more frequently in thoracic injury patients with unstable vital signs or a higher AIS score. Conclusion: This study is significant as it investigated the types of nursing interventions given to patients with severe thoracic injury in the trauma bay. These results would contribute to developing more detailed educational materials for initial nursing interventions in trauma bay.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권5호
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• pp.680-687
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• 2022

Objective : The influence of moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) on acute pulmonary injury is well established, but the association between acute pulmonary injury and mild TBI has not been well studied. Here, we evaluated the histological changes and fluctuations in inflammatory markers in the lungs to determine whether an acute pulmonary inflammatory response occurred after mild TBI. Methods : Mouse models of mild TBI (n=24) were induced via open-head injuries using a stereotaxic impactor. The brain and lungs were examined 6, 24, and 72 hours after injury and compared to sham-operated controls (n=24). Fluoro-Jade B staining and Astra blue and hematoxylin staining were performed to assess cerebral neuronal degeneration and pulmonary histological architecture. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis was done to measure inflammatory cytokines. Results : Increased neuronal degeneration and the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were observed after mild TBI. The IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β levels in mice with mild TBI were significantly different compared to those of sham-operated mice 24 hours after injury, and this was more pronounced at 72 hours. Mild TBI induced acute pulmonary interstitial edema with cell infiltration and alveolar morphological changes. In particular, a significant infiltration of mast cells was observed. Among the inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α was significantly increased in the lungs at 6 hours, but there was no significant difference 24 and 72 hours after injury. Conclusion : Mild TBI induced acute pulmonary interstitial inflammation and alveolar structural changes, which are likely to worsen the patient's prognosis.