• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.84-88
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• 2001

탄성파 구조보정에서 초기속도모델과 실제지층속도와의 오차는 심각한 이미지 왜곡을 초래할 수 있다. 따라서, 초기속도 모델의 설정은 성공적인 구조보정을 위한 중요한 요소 중의 하나이다. 초기속도모델로서 단순지층 모델을 적용할 경우, 속도 차가 큰 지층경계면에서는 기존의 주시계산 방법으로는 정확한 주시를 계산할 수 없다. 또한 실제 지하내부가 갖는 선형적 속도변화를 적절히 표현할 수 없다. 본 연구에서 초기모델로 적용한 Smooth Background Model(이하 SBM)은 깊이에 따라 지층속도가 선형적으로 변화하는 모델로서 지하내부의 특성을 적절히 표현할 수 있고, Vidale 방법과 같은 주시계산 알고리즘을 적절히 적용할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 중합전 구조보정을 위해 키리히호프 연산자를 사용하였으며 모델링을 통해 얻은 절대 진폭값을 가중치로 적용하므로써 초기 모델에 대한 진진폭을 고려하였다. 구조보정을 위한 초기모델은 중합속도를 이용하여 결정하였고, 이를 실제자료에 적용하여 보았다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.819-822
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• 2002

It is necessary for the numerical simulation of 3-dimensional incompressible isotropic decaying turbulence to construct 3-dimensional initial velocity field which resembles the fully developed turbulence. Although the previous velocity field generation method proposed by Rogallo(1981) satisfies continuity equation and 3-dimensional energy spectrum, it has limitation, as indicated in his paper, that it does not produce the higher velocity moments(e. g. velocity derivative skewness) characteristic of real turbulence. In this study, a new velocity field generation method which is able to control velocity derivative skewness of initial velocity field is proposed. Brief descriptions of the new method and a few parameters which is used to control velocity derivative skewness are given. A large eddy simulation(LES) of isotropic decaying turbulence using dynamic subgrid-scale model is carried out to evaluate the performance of the initial velocity field generated by the new method. It was shown that the resolved turbulent kinetic energy decay curve and the resolved enstrophy decay curve from the initial field of new method were more realistic than those from the initial field of Rogallo's method. It was found that the dynamic model coefficient from the former was initially half the stationary value and experienced relatively short transition period, though that from the latter was initially zero and experienced relatively longer transition period.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2007년도 공동학술대회 논문집
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• pp.317-322
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• 2007

Seismic exploration is divided by reflection and refraction method greatly, and reflection method can analyze complicated underground structure in the basis high resolution image, and refraction method can grasp the velocity structure of underground accurately. This thesis confirmed application of mixed exploration techniques using advantages of reflection and refraction. Reflection data processing applied conventional technique, and inversion of refraction data applied travel time tomographic technique that using SIRT method. Also, could establish initial information in model variable and improved the result of inversion by restricting model parameter value and dimension of area. Confirmed efficient fact in sequence and velocity structure grasping by utilizing accurate initial velocity model made out on the basis of marine reflection data, and mixed exploration technique using reflection and refraction have propriety that can trust in field application.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2002년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.36-41
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• 2002

In this study we produced 1-dimensional p wave velocity structure of the crust using 449 P arrivals of 35 stations and we analysed hypocenters of the southeastern Korean peninsula area. A initial velocity model was selected from the priori studies and 30 different initial models were generated using random number generation from it. Using the veriest program 30 different velocity structures were calculated and the result show that velocities are 5.8 - 6.4 km/sec within 6 - 16 km depth and 7 $\pm$ 0.2 km/sec within 20 - 30 km with resonable resolution. Hypocenters were relocated by using resulted 1-dimensional velocity model as a initial model. Recalculated hypocenters'depth are shallower than initial data and epicenters show a little better lineality around study area but more much earthquake information are needed fur the determination of relation between epicenter distribution and geological tectonic structures.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.178-184
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• 2002

탄성파굴절법 탐사는 절차가 단순하고 경제적이기 때문에 대형 구조물 건설을 위한 지반조사나 지질조사에 널리 이용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 굴절법 탐사자료에 Kirchhoff 구조보정 방법을 적용하여 다양한 모형자료의 반응을 알아보고, 이에 대한 결과를 고찰하여 굴절법 탐사 자료를 이용한 지하 경계면 영상화 기법의 적용성을 파악해보고자 하였다. 모형반응 계산에 필요한 인공주시곡선의 작성에는 Vidale(1988)이 제시한 알고리즘을 사용하였고, 모형에 따른 반응을 살펴보기 위해 2층, 3층 모형 및 불규칙한 지표면을 가지는 모형 등에 대해 다양하게 살펴보았다. 구조보정을 위한 초기 속도 모형으로는 실제 구조와 같은 모형, 토모그래피에 의한 역산 단면, 실제 구조를 평활화한 모형 등을 사용해 초기 속도 모형이 달라질 때 결과에 어떤 영향을 미치는가 살펴보았다. 각각의 모형에 본 연구에 사용된 기법을 적용해 본 결과 반사법 구조보정에 비해 초기 속도 모형에 더욱 민감하다는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 현장 자료에 적용되기 위해서는 적절한 초기속도모형을 결정해야 할 것임을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한자원환경지질학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한자원환경지질학회 2002년도 춘계 공동학술발표회
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• pp.159-162
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• 2002

We tried to obtain an initial velocity model for prestack depth migration via waveform inversion. For application of any field data we chose a smooth background layered velocity model (v=v0 + k x z) as an initial velocity model. Newton type waveform inversion needs to invert huge Hessian matrix. In order to compute full Hessian matrix arising from full aperture data and full illumination zone, we meet insurmountable difficulties of paying astronomical computing cost. For the layered media, approximate Hessian emerging from single shot aperture data can be used repeatedly for split spread source configuration. In our work of using this Hessian characteristic of layered media we attempted to obtain the approximate velocity model as close as possible to the true velocity model in first iteration.

• 대한자원환경지질학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한자원환경지질학회 2002년도 춘계 공동학술발표회
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• pp.163-166
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• 2002

Initial velocity model close to real velocity structure of the subsurface governs the quality of image of prestack depth migration. Geophysicists employ velocity estimation tools such as velocity analysis (curvature method, coherency inversion), tomography and waveform inversion. We present a reflection tomography that parameterizes the subsurface into the movable blocks. By interpreting the depth-migrated section or stacked section, we can design an initial constant velocity model having only impedance boundaries. We use shooting-raytracing method that allows us to calculate the Jacobian-matrix efficiently.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권11호
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• pp.2266-2268
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• 2009

In this paper, a simple method of angle velocity estimation is presented for a passive dynamic biped robot. The estimation problem is not an easy task because its dynamic model is a hybrid system involved with an impact condition. Instead of designing a complex observer for hybrid systems we simply utilize the impact condition to reset the initial condition of the high-pass filter when the non-support leg hits the slope. The approach has been verified by simulation results.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.1686-1704
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• 2021

This study addresses the numerical simulation of the shield building of an AP1000 nuclear power plant (NPP) subjected to a large commercial aircraft impact. First, a simplified finite element model (F.E. model) of the large commercial Boeing 737 MAX 8 aircraft is established. The F.E. model of the AP1000 shield building is constructed, which is a reasonably simplified reinforced concrete structure. The effectiveness of both F.E. models is verified by the classical Riera method and the impact test of a 1/7.5 scaled GE-J79 engine model. Then, based on the verified F.E. models, the entire impact process of the aircraft on the shield building is simulated by the missile-target interaction method (coupled method) and by the ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, which is at different initial impact velocities and impact heights. Finally, the laws and characteristics of the aircraft impact force, residual velocity, kinetic energy, concrete damage, axial reinforcement stress, and perforated size are analyzed in detail. The results show that all of them increase with the addition to the initial impact velocity. The first four are not very sensitive to the impact height. The engine impact mainly contributes to the peak impact force, and the peak impact force is six times higher than that in the first stage. With increasing initial impact velocity, the maximum aircraft impact force rises linearly. The range of the tension and pressure of the reinforcement axial stress changes with the impact height. The perforated size increases with increasing impact height. The radial perforation area is almost insensitive to the initial impact velocity and impact height. The research of this study can provide help for engineers in designing AP1000 shield buildings.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.718-724
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• 2000

A model for depicting the rocket engine combustion process is presented and several experiments near a design point are provided with a FOOF type of unlike impinging injector for a propellant combination of Jet A-1 fuel and liquid-oxygen. The model is based on the assumption that the vaporization is the rate-controlling combustion process. The effects of initial drop size and initial drop velocity are systematically shown and discussed. It is seen that in the midst of considered parameters the change of initial drop size is more sensitive to the performance. The proposed model describes qualitative trends of combustion process well despite of its simplicity.