• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.27-35
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• 2010

Accurately extracting skin color regions is very important in various areas such as face recognition and tracking, facial expression recognition, adult image identification, health-care, and so forth. In this paper, we evaluate the performances of several skin color detection algorithms in indoor environments by changing the distance between the camera and the object as well as the background colors of the object. The distance is from 60cm to 120cm and the background colors are white, black, orange, pink, and yellow, respectively. The algorithms that we use for the performance evaluation are Peer algorithm, NNYUV, NNHSV, LutYUV, and Kimset algorithm. The experimental results show that NNHSV, NNYUV and LutYUV algorithm are stable, but the other algorithms are somewhat sensitive to the changes of backgrounds. As a result, we expect that the comparative experimental results of this paper will be used very effectively when developing a new skin color extraction algorithm which are very robust to dynamic real environments.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.7B
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• pp.601-607
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• 2008

The induced voltages by AT power feeding system of electrified traction line to telecommunication line are calculated with the method of multi-conductor line solution in the CCITT Directives. There is a screening effect by railway line itself among various shielding factors against induction. It is the argue point whether the multi-conductor line solution contains the railway line effect since the calculation method does not show any expression about shielding factors. So this paper illuminates the mysterious question by reviewing the shielding factor principle on traction system, scrutinizing the Japanese bible about induction, analyzing the multi-conductor line solution itself, and comparing the result calculation considering the effect of railway screen. This paper concludes that multi-conductor line solution contains the screening effect of railway lines.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.250-257
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• 2018

Today, the integration of the rapid development of ICT and the smart devices moves our lives quickly into an online community environment through not only quick and easy information search but also various social media. Accordingly, individual activities in the smart media environment are pouring out vast quantities of data in many fields, accumulating a tremendous amount of data. The everyday data of individuals is reproducing different values from the previous ones, while suggesting new customized services that utilize them in various fields. Recently, big data utilization has attracted a great attention in the field of healthcare. Especially, development of healthcare service linked with mobile is expected to bring a new paradigm in this field. In this study, creation of a 3D avatar character model as a means to transfer information to individuals more efficiently is proposed in the development of mobile customized service for health promotion and growth prediction of children and adolescents, at the same time, an effective visual expression method to have a sense of immersion and unity is searched.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1863-1870
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• 2016

Antimicrobial peptides/proteins (AMPs) are present in all types of organisms, from microbes and plants to vertebrates and invertebrates such as insects. The grasshopper Oxya chinensis sinuosa is an insect species that is widely consumed around the world for its broad medicinal value. However, the lack of available genetic information for this species is an obstacle to understanding the full potential of its AMPs. Analysis of the O. chinensis sinuosa transcriptome and expression profile is essential for extending the available genetic information resources. In this study, we determined the whole-body transcriptome of O. chinensis sinuosa and analyzed the potential AMPs induced by bacterial immunization. A high-throughput RNA-Seq approach generated 94,348 contigs and 66,555 unigenes. Of these unigenes, 36,032 (54.14%) matched known proteins in the NCBI database in a BLAST search. Functional analysis demonstrated that 38,219 unigenes were clustered into 5,499 gene ontology terms. In addition, 26 cDNAs encoding novel AMPs were identified by an in silico approach using public databases. Our transcriptome dataset and AMP profile greatly improve our understanding of O. chinensis sinuosa genetics and provide a huge number of gene sequences for further study, including genes of known importance and genes of unknown function.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.227-239
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• 2006

Reliability prediction provides a rational basis for design decisions such as the choice between alternative concepts, choice of part quality levels, derating factors to be applied, use of proven versus state-of-the-art techniques, and other factors. For this reasons, reliability prediction is essential functions in developing space systems. The worth of the quantitative expression lies in the information conveyed with the numerical value and the use which is made of that information and reliability prediction should be initiated early in the configuration definition stage to aid in the evaluation of the design and to provide a basis for item reliability allocation (apportionment) and establishing corrective action priorities. Reliability models and predictions are updated when there is a significant change in the item design availability of design details, environmental requirements, stress data, failure rate data, or service use profile. In this paper, the procedure, selection of reliability data and methods for space system reliability prediction is presented.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.587-601
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• 2016

In this paper we suggest method for scalar recoding which is both secure against SPA and DPA. Suggested method is countermeasure to power analysis attack through scalar recoding using negative expression. Suggested method ensures safety of SPA by recoding the operation to apply same pattern to each digit. Also, by generating the random recoding output according to random number, safety of DPA is ensured. We also implement precomputation table and modified scalar addition algorithm for addition to protect against SPA that targets digit's sign. Since suggested method itself can ensure safety to both SPA and DPA, it is more effective and efficient. Through suggested method, compared to previous scalar recoding that ensures safety to SPA and DPA, operation efficiency is increased by 11%.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.1188-1193
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• 2004

So far, there have been grossly 3 types of studies on GF(2m) multiplier architecture, such as serial multiplication, array multiplication, and hybrid multiplication. Serial multiplication method was first suggested by Mastrovito (1), to be known as the basic CF(2m) multiplication architecture, and this method was adopted in the array multiplier (2), consuming m times as much resource in parallel to extract m times of speed. In 1999, Paar studied further to get the benefit of both architecture, presenting the hybrid multiplication architecture (3). However, the hybrid architecture has defect that only complex ordo. of finite field should be used. In this paper, we propose a novel approach on developing serial multiplier architecture based on Mastrovito's, by modifying the numerical formula of the polynomial-basis serial multiplication. The proposed multiplier architecture was described and implemented in HDL so that the novel architecture was simulated and verified in the level of hardware as well as software. The implemented GF(2m) multiplier shows t times as fast as the traditional one, if we modularized the numerical expression by t number of parts.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.541-550
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• 1994

A true color image is needed many data on the occasion of the transmission and storage. Therefore, we want to describe color image by a minority data without unreasonableness at eyesight. In this paper, it is presented 256 colormap construction method in RGB, YIQ/YUV space and common colormap expression method at merge between colormaps by reason of dissimilar original color image to display at a monitor for each other colormap at the same time. In comparison with processed result in RGB, YIQ/YUV space, it was measured by PSNR, standard variation, and edge preservation rate using sobel operator. Process time is 3second in colormap construction and 2second in merge between colormaps. In the PSNR value, RGB space has higher 0.15, 0.34 on an average than YIQ and YUV spae. Standard variation has lower in 0.15, 0.41 on an average than Yiq and YUV space. But in the data compression, YIQ/YUV space have about 1/3 compression efficiency than RGB space by reason of use to only 4bit of 8bit in color component.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.12C
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• pp.1256-1261
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a low-power Booth multiplication which reduces the switching activities of partial products during multiplication process. Radix-4 Booth algorithm has a characteristic that produces the Booth encoded products with zero when input data have sequentially equal values (0 or 1). Therefore, partial products have higher chances of being zero when an input with a smaller effective dynamic range of two multiplication inputs is used as a multiplier data instead of a multiplicand. The proposed multiplier divides a multiplication expression into several multiplication expressions with smaller bits than those of an original input data, and each multiplication is computed independently for the Booth encoding. Finally, the results of each multiplication are added. This means that the proposed multiplier has a higher chance to have zero encoded products so that we can implement a low power multiplier with the smaller switching activity. Implementation results show the proposed multiplier can save maximally about $20\%$ power dissipation than a previous Booth multiplier.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.2A
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• pp.99-108
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• 2002

In this paper, we discuss the effect of imperfect knowledge of the transmission channel on the M-QAM SER performance of space-time block codes. Because the channel knowledge is used for decoding of space-time block codes, the imperfect channel knowledge can degrade the performance of space-time block codes. In this paper, the channel mismatch error is modeled as errors in the estimation of the channel due to noise and errors due to the variation of the channel. We derive the analytic expression for the symbol error rate (SER) as a function of the average signal to interference ratio (SIR) per channel including the terms of channel mismatch errors. Simulation results show that the acceptable levels of channel estimation error is 10$\^$-3/ and that of channel variation is f$\_$d/T$\_$B/=0.001 at SNR=20dB in space-time block codes.