• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.209-214
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• 2005

Draft is defined as an unwanted local cooling of the human body caused by air movement. It is a serious problem in many ventilated or air conditioned buildings. Often draft complaints occur although measured velocities in the occupied zone maybe lower than prescribed in existing standards. Purpose of this study is to clarify the evaluation of thermal comfort based on temperature and air velocity in winter. Experiments were performed in an environmental chamber in winter. Indoor temperature and air velocity was artificially controlled. The experiments were performed to evaluate temperature conditions and air velocity conditions by physiological and psychological responses of human. According to physiological responses and psychological responses, it was clear that the optimum air velocity is about 0.15 m/s and 0.30 m/s.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.199-203
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• 2009

The purpose of this research is to investigate how the indoor temperature has influence on occupants' attention abilities as a basis of productivity. To achieve the purpose, the experiment in chamber was conducted. In the experiment, temperature was controlled according to two levels ($20^{\circ}C$ or $23^{\circ}C$) and other of factors were controlled uniformly. Subjects were exposed to those two different thermal environments. Each participant was asked to mark their answers on the state of attention measurement sheets (FAIR and Trail making test), in two conditions. Total 60 times of experiments were conducted. The main results are as follows. First, subjects showed the better attention abilities in relation to Q score at $20^{\circ}C$. But on the other hand attention abilities in relation to C score were better at $23^{\circ}C$. Second, subjects showed the better attention abilities in relation to concentrate on one task at $20^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to understand the indoor thermal environment in the earth brick wall building what is called a ecological Architecture. To investigate thermal performances of the earth brick walls, it measured indoor and outdoor air temperature, relative humidity, globe temperature and PMV in reference house. The result of this study were summarized as the followings; 1) When the outdoor average air temperature was $21.8^{\circ}$, livingroom was $24.9^{\circ}$, kitchen was $25.1^{\circ}$ and 2nd floor room was $25.6^{\circ}$ at 150 cm height from the floor. 2) Although the average outdoor relative humidity was 78%, the livingroom was 67.5%. 3) As the air temperature difference between at the top and bottom was $0.6^{\circ}$ in living room, this value was below 1 % of PPD by ASHRAE Handbook. 4) Predicted Mean Vote(PMV) by ISO-7730 was +0.41.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 2017

Purpose: Thermal sensation or thermal comfort was randomly used in many studies which focused on combined effects of thermal and acoustic environments on human perception. However, thermal sensation and thermal comfort are not synonyms. Thermal comfort is more complex human perception on thermal environment than thermal sensation. This study aims to investigate effects of noise on thermal sensation and thermal comfort separately, and also to investigate effects of temperature on acoustic sensation and comfort. Method: Combined thermal and acoustic configurations were simulated in an indoor environmental chamber. Twenty four participants were exposed to two types of noise (fan and babble) with two noise levels (45 dBA and 60 dBA) for an hour in each thermal condition of PMV-1.53, 0.03, 1.53, 1.83, respectively. Temperature sensation, temperature preference, thermal comfort, noisiness, loudness, annoyance, acoustic comfort, indoor environmental comfort were evaluated in each combined environmental condition. Result: Noise did not affected thermal sensation, but thermal comfort significantly. Temperature had an effect on acoustic comfort significantly, but no effect on noisiness and loudness in overall data analysis. More explicit interactions between thermal condition and noise perception showed only with the noise level of 60 dBA. Impacts of both thermal comfort and acoustic comfort on the indoor environmental comfort were analyzed. In adverse thermal environments, thermal comfort had more impact than acoustic comfort on indoor environmental comfort, and in neutral thermal environments, acoustic comfort had more important than thermal comfort.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.27-32
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• 2013

This study focus on shaft box facade, special form of box window construction. It consists of a system of box window with continuous vertical shafts that extend over a number of stories to create a stack effect. The subject building was decided by analyzing various types of exiting apartments. Shaft box type balcony was devised by setting up shaft space at a part of balcony. Air flow and indoor air temperature were simulated, performance of shaft box type balcony was compared with existing types using VE computer simulation program. Research consequence can be summarized as follow: 1) In the case of existing types, the change of window opening rate has only a little effect on the improvement of indoor temperature. But, air flow rate increased two times in the case that changed opening rate 20% to 40% 2) In the case of existing types, the growth of air flow rate has little effect on the improvement of indoor temperature. But, shaft box type represented the remarkable effect on the improvement of indoor temperature as well as the growth of air flow rate.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.41-46
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• 2003

In recently, Is inhabiting more than 70％ indoors during a day in case of company employee and ordinary people which is looking at usual business. Therefore Thermal comfort of human body about indoor temperature and air flow acting very heftily. When intestine temperature is fallen for external low temperature and air flow in winter in case enter into heated room feel comfort by effect of temperature and feel comfort or discomfort by room heating condition gradually. Therefore it is important that grasp thermal comfort about temperature and air flow in heating to keep continuous comfort in indoor dwelling. Temperature and thermal comfort factor of emotion ＆ sensitivity image exert fair effect since heating middle although thermal comfort change greatly effect on sensation about temperature at actuality heating early. Need much study yet in vantage point of emotion ＆ sensitivity although much study were held about thermal and comfort sensibility and when heat in existing research until now. Therefore this study is targeting that evaluate thermal comfort through introduction of estimation method by emotion ＆ sensibility image real and synthetic sensibility about thermal environment that is becoming winter heating.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.1325-1331
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• 2007

In order to investigate the cooling capacity of an air-conditioner applying a variable capacity compressor and the temperature characteristics on a condenser and an evaporator, the experiment on the operation characteristics of the air-conditioner was performed along a compressor operation ratio and an indoor/outdoor temperatures, under a cooling operation mode. The system characteristics were measured by the psychrometric calorimeter. The cooling capacity increased with decreasing the outdoor temperature and increasing the indoor temperature. Also, it increased with increasing the compressor operation ratio. The temperature of the condenser was more sensitive for the variation of the outdoor temperature and the temperature of the evaporator was more sensitive for the variation of the indoor temperature. The operation characteristics of the cycle used in this present were also analyzed by a pressure-enthalpy chart.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2023

Various devices have been emerging as a means of measuring indoor air quality, and among them, there are devices that support real-time remote monitoring through IoT technology and a cloud environment. To improve indoor air quality, based on the results determined by measuring devices, air purifiers or ventilation systems may need to be operated, and temperature and humidity control may be required. In this paper, we propose a design of indoor air quality measuring devices required for indoor air quality evaluation, and of the system needed to control relevant devices to improve indoor air quality through the interaction with the measuring devices. Currently, the servers for the interaction of indoor air quality devices and IoT devices are divided into conventional server type and serverless type, comparing the differences in response time of IoT devices to changes of indoor air quality.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.383-390
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to show distribution pattern of comfortable Indoor-Temperature in South Korea based on 10-days normal data(June 3rd, July 2nd, August 1st). Comfortable Indoor-Temperature values and Heat flow equation values for the 68 stations are constructed to show how man tend to feel in various areas. In the early summer, comfortable Indoor-Temperature is very low in Taegwallong regions and the Southern interior regions due to the influence of the orographic effects or the altitude. In the hot summer, All regions except Taegwallong and Central interior regions have been the high value. These are largely derived from the low Clo-values due to the stable weather with the highest insolation, humidity and strong radiation heat by the North Pacific Anticyclone appears in Eastern Asia.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.2165-2170
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• 2008

The cooling load in winter season is significant in many commercial buildings and hotels because of the usage of office equipments and the high efficiency of wall insulation. Therefore, the development of a multi-heat pump which can cover heating and cooling simultaneously for each indoor unit is required. In this study, the characteristics and performance of a simultaneous heating and cooling heat pump in the cooling-only and cooling-main operating mode was investigated experimentally with a variation of indoor air dry bulb temperature which is from $21^{\circ}C$ to $35^{\circ}C$. EEV opening was adjusted from 20% to 24% during the tests. When the indoor air temperature varied, the performance in the cooling-only mode was more sensitive to the temperature than in the cooling-main mode. The total capacity and COP were increased by 53.8% and 48.1%, respectively, in the cooling-main, while those were increased by 19.6% and 19.3% in the cooling-only mode. The performance differences between the two operating modes became larger at lower temperatures, especially for the COP.