• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.27-48
• /
• 1990

The purpose of this study was to investigate the middle-class housewives` experience of housing environment through their own cognitive expressions. Subjects were 18 housewives living in the apartments at Junggye-Dong, Seoul and Field survey method was used. Indepth interview technique with planned questionnaire was used. The contents of individual`s housing life history were recorded by means of a recording machine. Cognitive expressions of subjects ontheir experience of housing environment were analiyzed by Content Analysis. Subjects have respectively experienced various housing types. The housing experiences were classified by stimuli and respones. Stimuli were again classified by the factors and characteristics of housing environment, whereas responses were classified by types and directions. Negative experiences were more frequent than positive ones. Negative evaluations were appeared more frequently In such case as the existence of community facilities, interior structure, bathrooms, and heating systems. The positive emotional experiences appeared more frequently were the natural characteristic$ of outdoors. When all the contents were analyzed by housing types experienced, subjects negatively remembered community facilities in high-rise apartments, and positively outdoors in detached single houses including traditional houses, and negatively heating systems in low-rise apartments and tenement houses. These contents, especially positive and negative aspects of past experience. can be used as basic data to understand residents` reponses and to plan furture houses more desirable for them.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제51권9호
• /
• pp.911-921
• /
• 2008

Learning disabilities (LD) are heterogeneous group of disorders with evidences of genetic or familial trait, intrinsic to the individual and presume to be due to central nervous dysfunction. Learning disabilities and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are the two of the most common disorders in the population of school-age children. Typically academic achievements in children with learning disabilities are significantly lower than expected by their normal or above normal range of IQ. Although academic and cognitive deficits are hallmarks of children with LD, those children are also at risk for a broad range of behavioral and emotional problems. Almost all cases meet criteria for at least one additional diagnosis such as ADHD, developmental coordination disorder, depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, tic disorder, among which ADHD is particularly predominant. Because of the response to the therapeutic intervention program is promising and positive when applied early, it is critical to recognize patients as early as possible. Pediatricians often are the first to hear from parents worried about a childs academic progress. It is not the responsibility of pediatrician to make a diagnosis, referring children for a diagnostic evaluation of LD is a reasonable first step. Pediatricians can make early referral of suspicious children by asking some serial short questions about basic and processing skills. With a basic knowledge about the clinical characteristics, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures of LD, pediatricians also can provide primary counseling and education for parents at their outpatient clinical settings.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.57-77
• /
• 2016

Objective: This study examined the influences of general characteristics, temperament, social support, and emotional regulation on the positive psychological capital of adolescents. The data were collected from 672 middle school students living in Gwangju. Methods: Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation analyses and hierarchical regression analyses. Results: Temperament best explained positive psychological capital. In terms of individual factors, self-emotion regulation had the greatest effect on positive psychological capital, followed by friend support, persistence temperament, others emotion regulation, academic achievement, harm avoidance temperament, gender, and family support, in that order. Conclusion: The results for the effects of temperament, social support and emotion regulation on adolescent's positive psychological capital highlights the important roles played by the temperament, social support, and emotion regulation in improving an adolescent's positive psychological capital. The study contributes to the literature by proving fundamental insights into an adolescent's psychological strengths and higher quality of life.

• 근관절건강학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.135-144
• /
• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze and clarify the concept of shift work maladaptation syndrome and to facilitate development of interventions for the shift work adaptation. Methods: This study used Walker and Avant's concept analysis process. Results: Shift work maladaptation syndrome can be defined as the following attributes: 1) destruction of the circadian rhythm, 2) existence of a threshold, 3) individual characteristics (year of career, type of personality, and type of coping) 4) somatization, and 5) negative emotional conditions. The antecedents of shift work maladaptation syndrome consist of counterclockwise shift work, irregular shift cycle, night work which is breaking circadian rhythm, and lifestyle changing. The consequences as a result of shift work maladaptation syndrome are deterioration of health (gastrointestinal, neuro-psychic, cardiovascular function), reduction of social relationships, and turnover or resign. Conclusion: The results of this study can be useful as the foundation of shift work adaptation implementation.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2022

Learning disabilities (LD), also known as learning disorders, refers to cases in which an individual experiences lower academic ability as compared to the normal range of intelligence, visual or hearing impairment, or an inability to peform learning. Children and adolescents with learning disabilities often have emotional or behavioral problems or co-existing conditions, including depression, anxiety disorders, difficulties with peer relationships, family conflicts, and low self-esteem. In most cases, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder coexists. As learning disabilities have the characteristics of a difficult heterogeneous disease group that cannot be attributed to a single root cause, they are diagnosed based on an interdisciplinary approach through medicine and education, such as mental health medicine, education, psychology, special education, and neurology. In addition, for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of learning disabilities, the diagnosis, prescription, treatment, and educational intervention should be conducted in cooperation with doctors, teachers, and psychologists. The treatment of learning disabilities requires a multimodal approach, including medical and educational intervention. It is suggested that educational interventions such as the Individualized Education Plan (IEP) and the Response to Invention (RTI) should be implemented.

• 초등상담연구
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.237-259
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 최근의 학교폭력에 대한 실태, 원인을 알아보고 이를 토대로 종합적이며 개괄적인 대처방안을 모색하고자 했다. 이를 위해 학교폭력에 관련된 최근의 연구결과와 관련부처 등에서 제시한 최근의 여러 자료들을 체계적으로 분석하였다. 그 분석결과를 가지고 학교폭력의 실태, 학교폭력의 원인, 학교폭력의 대처방안을 살펴보았다. 본 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 학교폭력은 점점 다양화되고 있다. 가해자의 연령이 점점 어려지고 있다. 여학생의 학교폭력이 증가하고 있다. 가해자와 피해자 구분이 불분명하다. 언어적 정서적 폭력이 증가하고 있다. 폭력의 지속성이 증가하고 있다. 학교폭력에 대한 인식과 대응 수준이 매우 낮다. 학교폭력은 청소년기의 일반적인 발달 심리적 특성과 가해자와 피해자 각각의 개인 심리적 특성이 복합적으로 작용하여 발생한다. 학교폭력은 가정, 학교, 사회 요인에 의해 발생한다. 학교폭력은 대응의 미비로 인해 발생한다. 학교폭력 대처방안에서도 먼저 청소년기의 일반적인 발달 심리적 특징이 고려되어야 한다. 그리고 가해자와 피해자 각각의 개인 심리적 특성이 고려된 대처방안 이어야 한다. 학교폭력 대책방안으로는 개인의 심리적 대책방안이 있다. 그리고 가정, 학교, 사회 환경적 변화에 부합되는 대책방안이 있다. 이러한 사회 환경적 요인들을 연계하고 여기에 학교폭력관련기관의 최근의 학교폭력근절대책이 포한된 대책방안이 모색되어야 한다. 또한 학교폭력 예방교육을 통하여 학교폭력을 근본적으로 예방하는 방안도 모색되어야 한다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.1208-1220
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to describe the differences in three phenomenological research methods used to understand the experience of families of patients with cancer and so provide as guideline to novices first attempting qualitative research. The subjects were 3 family members - spouse, daughter, daughter-in-law -of cancer patients at S-hospital. Unstructured deep interviews were carried out and taped for further analyzed. Interviews were analyzed using three phenomenological methods ; Giorgi's, Colazzi's, and Van Kaam's. The results are as follows. : The experience of family the analyzed using Giorgi's method showed different characteristics according to the family members' role. According to Colaizzi's method, they experienced burden, a willingness to care, role conflict, thanks to family and significant others, and ambivalence about treatment. Using Van Kaam's methodology, two categories were identified ; change of family function and burden. Themes in change of family function were positive attitude(9), role conflict(6), negative attitude(5), active attitude(2), and passive attitude(2) ; Themes in burden were emotional burden, physical burden, and economic burden. The result from using Giorgi's method were centered or individual characteristics and these results constituteds situational structured description and a general structured description. From Colaizzi's method the focus was on the common experience of all fo the subjects. In Van Kaam's method, subthemes (13), themes(8), and categories(2) were identified. So researchers should choose the qualitative method according to their research goals and methodological characteristics.

• 임상간호연구
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.239-250
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the factors related to new nurses' organizational socialization (OS) process and to find out the strategic information for successful organizational socialization. Methods: The qualitative data were gathered from three focus group discussions with 13 new nurses and 5 experienced nurses. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. The transcript analyzed according to qualitative content analysis processes. Results: The factors related to new nurses' OS derived from new nurses' focus groups were 'burdens related to the characteristics of nursing duties', 'emotional and psychological characteristics' and 'facilitating factors to OS'. Two factors at the forepart were interfering factors to new nurses' OS. The factors related to new nurses' OS derived from experienced nurses' focus group classified to 'facilitating factors to OS', 'interfering factors to OS' and 'supports to facilitate new nurses' OS process'. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed the facilitating and interfering factors to organizational socialization of new nurses. The main factors to interfere new nurses' OS were individual factors such as professional incompetency and psychological characteristics. On the other hand, Interactional factors within the organization were important to facilitate new nurses' OS. The findings can be applied for developing a special program to help new nurses adjust to the nursing organization successfully.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.101-124
• /
• 2009

According to Wikipedia, virtual reality (VR) is defined as a technology that allows a user to interact with a computer-simulated environment. Due to a rapid growth in information technology (IT), the cost of virtual reality has been decreasing while the utility of virtual reality advertisements has dramatically increased. Nevertheless, only a few studies have investigated the effects of virtual reality advertisement on consumer behaviors. Therefore, the objective of this study is to empirically examine the effects of virtual reality advertisement. Compared to traditional online advertisements, virtual reality advertisement enables consumers to experience products realistically over the Internet by providing high media richness, interactivity, and telepresence (Suh and Lee, 2005). Advertisements with high media richness facilitate consumers' understanding of advertised products by providing them with a large amount and a high variety of information on the products. Interactivity also provides consumers with a high level of control over the computer-simulated environment in terms of their abilities to adjust the information according to their individual interests and concerns and to be active rather than passive in their engagement with the information (Pimentel and Teixera, 1994). Through high media richness and interactivity, virtual reality advertisements can generate compelling feelings of "telepresence" (Suh and Lee, 2005). Telepresence is a sense of being there in an environment by means of a communication medium (Steuer, 1992). Virtual reality advertisements enable consumers to create a perceptual illusion of being present and highly engaged in a simulated environment, while they are in reality physically present in another place (Biocca, 1997). Based on the characteristics of virtual reality advertisements, a research model has been proposed to explain consumer responses to the virtual reality advertisements. The proposed model includes two dimensions of consumer responses. One dimension is consumers' rational response, which is based on the Information Processing Theory. Based on the Information Processing Theory, product knowledge and perceived risk are selected as antecedents of intention to purchase. The other dimension is emotional response of consumers, which is based on the Attitude-Structure Theory. Based on the Attitude-Structure Theory, arousal, flow, and positive affect are selected as antecedents of intention to purchase. Because it has been criticized to have investigated only one of the two dimensions of consumer response in prior studies, our research model has been built so as to incorporate both dimensions. Based on the Attitude-Structure Theory, we hypothesized the path of consumers' emotional responses to a virtual reality advertisement: (H1) Arousal by the virtual reality advertisement increases flow; (H2) Flow increases positive affect; and (H3) Positive affect increases intension to purchase. In addition, we hypothesized the path of consumers' rational responses to the virtual reality advertisement based on the Information Processing Theory: (H4) Increased product knowledge through the virtual reality advertisement decreases perceived risk; and (H5) Perceived risk decreases intension to purchase. Based on literature of flow, we additionally hypothesized the relationship between flow and product knowledge: (H6) Flow increases product knowledge. To test the hypotheses, we conducted a free simulation experiment [Fromkin and Streufert, 1976] with 300 people. Subjects were asked to use the virtual reality advertisement of a cellular phone on the Internet and then answer questions about the variables. To check whether subjects fully experienced the virtual reality advertisement, they were asked to answer a quiz about the virtual reality advertisement itself. Responses of 26 subjects were dropped because of their incomplete answers. Responses of 274 subjects were used to test the hypotheses. It was found that all of six hypotheses are accepted. In addition, we found that consumers' emotional response has stronger impact on their intention to purchase than their rational response does. This study sheds much light into practical implications for both IS researchers and managers. First of all, while most of previous research has analyzed only one of the customers' rational and emotional responses, we theoretically incorporated and empirically examined both of the two sides. Second, we empirically showed that mediators such as arousal, flow, positive affect, product knowledge, and perceived risk play an important role between virtual reality advertisement and customer's intention to purchase. In addition, the findings of this study can provide a basis of practical strategies for managers. It was found that consumers' emotional response is stronger than their rational response. This result indicates that advertisements using virtual reality should focus on the emotional side, and that virtual reality can be served as an appropriate advertisement tool for fancy products that require their online advertisements to give an impetus to customers' emotion. Finally, even if this study examined the effects of virtual reality advertisement of cellular phone, its findings could be applied to other products that are suited for virtual experience. However, this research has some limitations. We were unable to control different kinds of consumers and different attributes of products on consumers' intention to purchase. It is, therefore, deemed important for future research to control the consumer and product types for more reliable results. In addition to the consumer and product attributes, other variables could affect consumers' intention to purchase. Thus, the future research needs to find ways t control other variables.

• 기독교교육논총
• /
• 제70권
• /
• pp.11-35
• /
• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 기독교교육학의 실천신학적 접근에 대한 연구로서 실천신학적 접근의 유형에 따른 아홉 가지 교육목회 유형을 제시하는데 있다. 이를 위해 사역의 현장으로서 교회, 사회 이외에 개인적 자아의 차원과 사역을 강조하고자 하며, 이미 논의된 철학적이며 신학적 관점에서의 개인적 실존적 차원, 발달심리학적 관점에서의 삶의 주기 신학의 차원 이외에 사회문화적 차원에서 포스트 디지털 시대가 주는 함의에 기초하고자 한다. 포스트 디지털 시대는 디지털의 인간화로 말미암는 친인간적 디지털 문화를 의미하며, 따뜻한 디지털 문화를 특징으로 하는 시대를 말한다. 이와 연관된 세대를 포스트 디지털 세대라고 한다. 포스트 디지털 세대를 위한 교육목회는 기존의 교회적 차원 및 사회적 차원과 함께 개인적 차원을 포함한다. 세 가지의 교육목회 현장에 대해 간학문적 특성에 따라 비판적 과학적 방법, 비판적 고백적 방법, 비판적 상관 관계적 방법 등으로 아홉 가지의 교육목회 유형이 분류된다. 아홉 가지의 교육목회 유형들에 따른 포스트 디지털 세대가 함양해야 할 대표적인 핵심역량들은 미디어 리터러시, 관계적 정체성, 의사소통, 하이터치, 제자로서의 삶, 매체활용, 통합적 소명, 협업능력, 그리고 다문화 가정 아동 및 청소년의 사회적 회복탄력성 등이다. 포스트 디지털 시대에 포스트 디지털 세대를 위한 교육목회는 역량들에 대한 함양을 필요로 한다.