• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.836-842
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• 2023

「장애인복지법」에 따라 국가 자격시험은 장애인과 비장애인이 동일한 시험에 응시할 수 있도록 하고 있으며, 청각장애는 동력수상레저기구 면허취득 결격사유에 해당하지 않아 청각장애인도 면허취득을 할 수 있다. 선박이나 동력수상레저기구에서는 해상에서 충돌위험이 있을 때 조종신호, 경고신호 등의 위험신호를 음향신호를 통해 상대에게 알려 주위의 위험 상황을 발견하지 못하여 발생할 수 있는 사고를 예방하도록 하고 있다. 하지만, 청각장애인의 레저활동 중 주위 선박이나 동력수상레저기구의 소리를 통한 위험신호를 청각장애로 인해 위험신호를 확인하지 못해 발생할 수 있는 해양사고를 방지할 수 있는 방안이 필요하다. 음향수신장치(Sound Reception System)는 선교가 완전히 폐위된 선박에 설치하여 외부 소리의 증폭과 소리의 수신 방향을 화면상에 표시하는 장치로서, 청각장애인의 동력수상레저기구에 선박 음향수신장치를 활용하여 청각장애로 인해 청취할 수 없는 위험신호와 같은 음향신호의 유무 및 방향을 동력수상레저기구의 화면상에 시각적 표시를 통해, 청각장애인의 레저활동 중 음향신호를 확인하지 못하여 발생할 수 있는 해양사고를 예방하기 위한 개선방안을 제시하였다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 정보·컴퓨터 표시과목의 임용시험에서 프로그래밍 문항이 프로그래밍 능력을 겸비한 교사 선발에 적합한지 연구하였다. 최근 5년 동안의 문항을 분석한 결과, 프로그래밍 문항의 평균 배점이 교과내용학 총점의 38%(20.8점)로 높게 나타났다. 기출문항에서 프로그래밍 문항의 배점 비중이 높은 과목은 프로그래밍과 자료구조로 확인되었으며, 이들의 평가영역별 배점분포를 분석한 결과 각각 0%~47%, 0%~53%로 영역별 편차가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문에서는 프로그래밍 문항이 교육 현장에서 요구하는 교사 선발에 적합한지 교사 31명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 임용시험의 프로그래밍 문항에서 평가할 내용에 대한 응답으로 컴퓨팅 사고력이 58%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 문항의 적합도에 대한 응답에서 문제해결력이 5점 척도 기준에서 2.84로 가장 높았으나 전반적으로 적합도가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 프로그래밍 문항 출제를 위해 적합한 언어로 C언어와 파이썬의 응답이 각각 55%, 45%로 나타났다. 이 결과에서 교사들은 기존의 C언어 외에 파이썬 선호도가 매우 높은 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 프로그래밍 문항 출제에 대한 개선방안을 제안하였다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.109-124
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• 2023

Objectives This study aims to find out effect of Korean medicine treatment on managing thoracolumbar compression fractures through retrospective observational study. Methods Among hospitalized patients at the Department of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation from January 1st, 2018 to February 28th, 2023, a total of 24 inpatients who were diagnosed with thoracolumbar compression fractures and received Korean medicine treatment were included in this study. Numeric rating scale (NRS) was used for pain assessment and clinical variables such as sex, symptoms, age, thoracolumbar injury classification and severity (TLICS) scores were collected. For subgroup analysis to analyze factors affecting treatment response, we divided patients into responders and non-responders according to NRS change. For statistical analysis, we compared before/after hospitalization and analyzed distinct features between two groups. Results Most of the patients were in their 70s and 83.33% were female. Average hospitalization period was 24.54±11.91 days. All patients had back pain as their chief complaint and only 2 patients received surgeries. In TLICS, only 1 patient got score 6, which represented surgery indication. After Korean medicine treatment, NRS of almost every patient got lower significantly at the time of discharge (3.02±1.93) than admission (5.52±1.95). Comparing two groups, responders had lower NRS at the time of discharge and TLICS score of them were lower than non-responders. Conclusions Our results show that Korean medicine treatment for thoracolumbar compression fractures was effective in reducing pain. There were distinct clinical features such as age, past history, surgeries between those with significant improvement in pain scores and those who did not.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2022

본 논문은 국내 창업초기 투자활성화를 위해 도입된 SAFE 투자방식이 창업초기투자의 대표적 투자형태로 활성화되며 시장에 안착하는데 필요한 정책적 방안을 제시하는데 목적을 두었다. 특히, SAFE와 컨버터블 노트 방식과의 비교를 통해 SAFE가 컨버터블 노트에 비해 창업초기기업에 대한 투자 활성화에 보다 적합한 측면이 있음을 분석하였다. 또한, 본 연구는 SAFE 관련 선행연구들이 SAFE 활성화의 가장 중요한 문제로 SAFE의 법률적 지위확보문제, 세제관련문제 그리고 후속투자 유치 실패 및 만기불확실성 문제를 주요 쟁점으로 다루고 있는 점을 참조하여 한국형 SAFE 활성화의 정책적 대안을 제시하였다. 첫째, SAFE 회계처리 관련, 선행연구들을 참조로 SAFE의 부채와 자본으로서 처리방안의 대안을 제시하며, 특히 SAFE 도입을 주도하는 벤처투자법의 내용을 토대로 SAFE를 자본으로 처리하는 방법에 대한 대안을 제시하였다. 둘째, 세제지원 관련, 현재 개정이 추진되고 있는 벤처기업 인증제도를 토대로, SAFE 투자가 벤처기업인증을 위한 투자로 인정되어야 SAFE 투자관련 세제지원 문제를 해결하는 방안임을 제시하였다. 셋째, 후속투자 유치 실패 관련, 해외주요사례 벤치마킹 연구들을 토대로, SAFE의 한국형 계약방식 즉, 계약조항 문구를 만들 때 후속투자유치 실패에 대한 안전장치와 만기일 및 그 이후에 대한 이벤트 협상 등의 내용을 담는 수정문구를 반영하는 방법으로 문제해결 방안을 제안하였다. 본 논문은 SAFE 투자가 국내 창업초기 투자방식으로 활성화되기 위한 방식으로 이 제도의 도입 법적근거인 벤처투자법과 제도의 주무부서인 중소벤처기업부의 보다 강한 역할을 중심으로 제안하였다. 이를 통해 본 논문은 기존 선행연구들의 내용을 보다 정책실행적인 관점에서 문제 해결 실행대안을 제시하였다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.729-738
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• 2023

Objective: When multiple surveillance mammograms are performed within an annual interval, the current guidance for oneyear follow-up to determine breast cancer status results in shared follow-up periods in which a single breast cancer diagnosis can be attributed to multiple preceding examinations, posing a challenge for standardized performance assessment. We assessed the impact of using follow-up periods that eliminate the artifactual inflation of second breast cancer diagnoses. Materials and Methods: We evaluated surveillance mammograms from 2007-2016 in women with treated breast cancer linked with tumor registry and pathology outcomes. Second breast cancers included ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive breast cancer diagnosed during one-year follow-up. The cancer detection rate, interval cancer rate, sensitivity, and specificity were compared using different follow-up periods: standard one-year follow-up per the American College of Radiology versus follow-up that was shortened at the next surveillance mammogram if less than one year (truncated follow-up). Performance measures were calculated overall and by indication (screening, evaluation for breast problem, and short interval follow-up). Results: Of 117971 surveillance mammograms, 20% (n = 23533) were followed by another surveillance mammogram within one year. Standard follow-up identified 1597 mammograms that were associated with second breast cancers. With truncated follow-up, the breast cancer status of 179 mammograms (11.2%) was revised, resulting in 1418 mammograms associated with unique second breast cancers. The interval cancer rate decreased with truncated versus standard follow-up (3.6 versus 4.9 per 1000 mammograms, respectively), with a difference (95% confidence interval [CI]) of -1.3 (-1.6, -1.1). The overall sensitivity increased to 70.4% from 63.7%, for the truncated versus standard follow-up, with a difference (95% CI) of 6.6% (5.6%, 7.7%). The specificity remained stable at 98.1%. Conclusion: Truncated follow-up, if less than one year to the next surveillance mammogram, enabled second breast cancers to be associated with a single preceding mammogram and resulted in more accurate estimates of diagnostic performance for national benchmarks.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.145-158
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• 2024

Life history characteristics, habitat landscape, and historical events are believed to have shaped the patterns of genetic variation in many taxa. The bony lip barb, Osteohilus vittatus, represent a potamodromous fish that complete all life cycle in freshwater and is widely distributed in Southeast Asia. It usually lives in small rivers and other freshwater habitats, and movement between habitats for either food or reproduction has been typical. These life history characteristics may promote gene flow, leading to less structured populations. However, many freshwater habitats are fragmented, which restricts gene flow. We investigate how this interplay has shaped patterns of genetic variation and phylogeographic structure within this species in the Sundaland, a biodiversity hotspot with a complex geological history, using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) as a genetic marker. Forty-six mtCOI sequences of 506 bp long were collected from ten localities, eight geographically isolated and two connected. The sequences were used for population genetic and phylogeographic analyses. Our results showed a low genetic diversity within populations but high between populations. There was a deep phylogeographic structure among geographically isolated populations but a lack of such structure in the connected habitats. Among geographically isolated populations, sequence divergence was revealed, ranging from 1.8% between Java and Sumatra populations to 12.2% between Malaysia and Vietnam. An indication of structuring was also observed among localities that are geographically closer but without connectivity. We conclude that despite high dispersal capacity, the joint effects of historical events, long-term geographic isolation associated with sea level oscillation during the Pleistocene, and restricted gene flow related to lack of habitat connectivity have shaped the phylogeographic structure within the O. vittatus over the Sundaland.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.350-365
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• 2023

Backgrounds/Aims: Extra hepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO) is the most common cause of portal hypertension in Indian children. While endoscopy is the primary modality of management, a subset of patients require surgery. This study aims to report the short- and long-term outcomes of EHPVO patients managed surgically. Methods: All the patients with EHPVO who underwent surgery between August 2007 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Postoperative complications were classified after Clavien-Dindo. Binary logistic regression in Wald methodology was used to determine the predictive factors responsible for unfavourable outcome. Results: Total of 202 patients with EHPVO were operated. Mean age of patients was 20.30 ± 9.96 years, and duration of illness, 90.05 ± 75.13 months. Most common indication for surgery was portal biliopathy (n = 59, 29.2%), followed by bleeding (n = 50, 24.8%). Total of 166 patients (82.2%) had shunt procedure. Splenectomy with esophagogastric devascularization was the second most common surgery (n = 20, 9.9%). Nine major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo > 3) were observed in 8 patients (4.0%), including 1 (0.5%) operative death. After a median follow-up of 56 months (15-156 months), 166 patients (82.2%) had favourable outcome. In multivariate analysis, associated splenic artery aneurysm (p = 0.007), isolated gastric varices (p = 0.004), preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and stenting (p = 0.015), and shunt occlusion (p < 0.001) were independent predictors of unfavourable long-term outcome. Conclusions: Surgery in EHPVO is safe, affords excellent short- and long-term outcome in patients with symptomatic EHPVO, and may be considered for secondary prophylaxis.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.195-207
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• 2024

우리나라는 학습결과를 상대평가 방식으로 평가함에 따라 발생하는 여러 문제를 해소하고자 교과목별 학업성취 도달 수준을 평가하는 절대평가 형태의 성취평가제를 도입하여 운영하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 현재 운영되고 있는 성취평가제에 대한 과학교사들의 인식 및 구현 방식 등을 탐색하고자 하였다. 본 연 구에는 고등학교 과학교사 20명이 면담에 참여하였으며, 성취평가제에 관한 인식, 성취평가제가 교사의 평가 인식에 미치는 영향, 성취평가제 운영으로 인해 변화되거나 개선된 점 등에 대한 본인의 의견과 생각을 자유롭게 표현하였다. 연구 결과, 대부분의 참여 교사들은 내신 석차 등급 미표기 이후 성취평가제가 기대하는 교육적 의미가 현장에 반영되고 있다고 인식하고 있었다. 교사들은 성취평가제로 인해 변별에서 벗어난 과학수업을 실현할 수 있었으며, 학생의 성취에 주목함에 따라 과학학습에 어려움을 겪고 있는 학생에 대한 관심이 증대하였다고 인식하였다. 또한, 결과 위주의 평가에서 벗어남으로써 과학과 교과역량을 중심으로 교육과정을 재구성하고 과학 교과의 본질적 목표에 집중할 수 있게 된 점을 긍정적으로 인식하고 있었다. 그뿐만 아니라 학생 활동에 대한 피드백 제공의 질적인 향상이 이루어진 점을 확인할 수 있었다. 하지만 일부 교사들은 적정 성취수준을 교사 스스로 설정하는 데 어려움을 경험하거나, 학생 활동에 대한 질적인 차이를 평정하는 과정의 난해함으로 인하여 성취평가제의 실효성에 대해 의문을 나타내기도 하였다. 또한, 내신 석차 등급이 산출되지 않은 이후, 학생들이 수업에서 보이는 의욕과 열의가 현저히 떨어지는 현 상황에서 수업의 방향성을 결정하는 데 혼란스러움을 경험하기도 하였다.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• 제53권11호
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• pp.744-755
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• 2023

Background and Objectives: Aortic valve replacement (AVR) is considered a class I indication for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS). However, there is little evidence regarding the potential benefits of early AVR in symptomatic patients diagnosed with normal-flow, low-gradient (NFLG) severe AS. Methods: Two-hundred eighty-one patients diagnosed with symptomatic NFLG severe AS (stroke volume index ≥35 mL/m², mean transaortic pressure gradient <40 mmHg, peak transaortic velocity <4 m/s, and aortic valve area <1.0 cm²) between January 2010 and December 2020 were included in this retrospective study. After performing 1:1 propensity score matching, 121 patients aged 75.1±9.8 years (including 63 women) who underwent early AVR within 3 months after index echocardiography, were compared with 121 patients who received conservative care. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause death and heart failure (HF) hospitalization. Results: During a median follow-up of 21.9 months, 48 primary outcomes (18 in the early AVR group and 30 in the conservative care group) occurred. The early AVR group demonstrated a significantly lower incidence of primary outcomes (hazard ratio [HR], 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-0.93; p=0.028); specifically, there was no significant difference in all-cause death (HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.23-1.16; p=0.110), although the early AVR group showed a significantly lower incidence of hospitalization for HF (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.19-0.95, p=0.037). Subgroup analyses supported the main findings. Conclusions: An early AVR strategy may be beneficial in reducing the risk of a composite outcome of death or hospitalization for HF in symptomatic patients with NFLG severe AS. Future randomized studies are required to validate and confirm our findings.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.902-912
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• 2024

Objective: The increasing utilization of various molecular tests for diagnosing and selecting treatments for patients with malignancies has led to a rising trend in both the frequency of biopsies and the required tissue volume. We aimed to compare the safety of outpatient ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous liver biopsy (PLB) between the coaxial method with needle track plugging (NTP) and the conventional method. Materials and Methods: This single-center, prospective, randomized controlled study was conducted from October 2022 to May 2023. Patients referred for US-guided PLB with target liver lesions measuring ≥1 cm and requiring ≥3 tissue cores were enrolled. Patients with severe coagulopathy or a substantial volume of ascites were excluded. Patients were randomly assigned to undergo PLB using either the coaxial method with NTP or the conventional method, in a 1:1 ratio, and were subsequently discharged after 2 hours. The primary endpoint was the presence of a patent track sign, defined as a linear color flow along the biopsy track on Doppler US, as an indication of bleeding. The secondary endpoints included clinically significant bleeding, delayed bleeding after discharge, and diagnostic yield. The incidences of these endpoints were compared between the two methods. Results: A total of 107 patients completed the study protocol. Patent track signs were observed significantly less frequently in the coaxial method with NTP group than in the conventional method group: 16.7% (9/54) vs. 35.8% (19/53; P = 0.042). Clinically significant bleeding and delayed bleeding did not occur in either group, and both methods achieved a high diagnostic yield: 94.4% (51/54) vs. 98.1% (52/53; P = 0.624). Conclusion: Compared with the conventional method, the coaxial method with NTP may potentially be safer, with a reduced risk of overall bleeding complications after PLB when retrieving ≥3 tissue cores. The coaxial method with NTP could be considered a viable option for acquiring multiple liver tissues on an outpatient basis.