• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.27-42
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• 2009

This study has intended to evaluate the subjective landscape of rural region using additive integration index calculation model in Seondong region, Gochang-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea. This study consists of the following three steps. First, this study defmed the rural landscape using survey and developed the estimating equation for rural landscape assessment index. Second, this study set up assessment units and assessment indicators, then estimated mean of representative landscape adjectives in accordance with them through residents-participatory evaluation. Third, this study calculated rural landscape assessment index using additive integration index calculation model, and evaluated subjective landscape of rural region in accordance with space types and landscape fields through mapping methodology. The results of this study can be described as follows: 1) satisfaction level for landscape in accordance with village (urban area and residential area) was very high; 2) satisfaction level was very high in both Ye-Jeon reservoir and Hakwon farm, representative landscape resources of the study area.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.37-50
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• 2012

This research was conducted for the analysis the middle-old aged empty nest households' debt holdings and their financial status(emergency fund index, liquidity index, debt burden index) considering the level of income and assets. In order to accomplish this study, we made use of the KReIS third beta-version data. The results of the analysis were as follows. First, in all income asset groups there were more non-debts holding houses compared to debt holding houses. Moreover in debts holding houses, compared to other groups high income high assets groups were more. Second, the households that possessed more assets, had more debts. Third, the financial status of the households holding debts were more vulnerable compared to households that had no debts. Moreover, all income asset groups' emergency fund index were low. Households having no debts possessed low real assets and so the liquidity index was higher in holding debts households. In holding debts households, debt burden index was high. And especially these houses suffered from high debt burden when their income and asset were low.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.325-332
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• 2014

PURPOSE. The aim of this review was to analyze the evaluation criteria on mandibular implant overdentures through a systematic review and suggest standardized evaluation criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A systematic literature search was conducted by PubMed search strategy and hand-searching of relevant journals from included studies considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) and clinical trial studies comparing attachment systems on mandibular implant overdentures until December, 2011 were selected. Twenty nine studies were finally selected and the data about evaluation methods were collected. RESULTS. Evaluation criteria could be classified into 4 groups (implant survival, peri-implant tissue evaluation, prosthetic evaluation, and patient satisfaction). Among 29 studies, 21 studies presented implant survival rate, while any studies reporting implant failure did not present cumulative implant survival rate. Seventeen studies evaluating peri-implant tissue status presented following items as evaluation criteria; marginal bone level (14), plaque Index (13), probing depth (8), bleeding index (8), attachment gingiva level (8), gingival index (6), amount of keratinized gingiva (1). Eighteen studies evaluating prosthetic maintenance and complication also presented following items as evaluation criteria; loose matrix (17), female detachment (15), denture fracture (15), denture relining (14), abutment fracture (14), abutment screw loosening (11), and occlusal adjustment (9). Atypical questionnaire (9), Visual analog scales (VAS) (4), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) (1) were used as the format of criteria to evaluate patients satisfaction in 14 studies. CONCLUSION. For evaluation of implant overdenture, it is necessary to include cumulative survival rate for implant evaluation. It is suggested that peri-implant tissue evaluation criteria include marginal bone level, plaque index, bleeding index, probing depth, and attached gingiva level. It is also suggested that prosthetic evaluation criteria include loose matrix, female detachment, denture fracture, denture relining, abutment fracture, abutment screw loosening, and occlusal adjustment. Finally standardized criteria like OHIP-EDENT or VAS are required for patient satisfaction.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.171-181
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• 2022

The real estate price index plays key roles as quantitative data in real estate market analysis. International organizations including OECD publish the real estate price indexes by country, and the Korea Real Estate Board announces metropolitan-level and municipal-level indexes. However, when the index is set on the smaller spatial unit level than metropolitan and municipal-level, problems occur: missing values. As the spatial scope is narrowed down, there are cases where there are few or no transactions depending on the unit period, which lead index calculation difficult or even impossible. This study suggests a supervised learning-based machine learning model to compensate for missing values that may occur due to no transaction in a specific range and period. The models proposed in our research verify the accuracy of predicting the existing values and missing values.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.743-753
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among nutritional status, serum lipids and leptin of 134 elementary school students with different obesity index residing in Kyunggi-do, Korea. Subjects were assigned to under weight, normal weight or over weight group according to the their obesity index. Their nutritional status, serum lipid and leptin levels were evaluated based on 24-hr dietary recalls, anthropometric measurements and blood analysis. The mean weight, height and obesity index of total subjects was 150.8cm, 45.6kg and 5.4%. The mean % of body fat was higher while LBM and TBW (total body water) were lower in over weight subjects than those of other two groups. Total food, plant protein, carbohydrate, and vitamin C intakes of underweight male students were lower than those of overweight male students. The consumption of total fat was the highest in the female normal weight subjects and the lowest in female overweight subjects. Male students consumed more plant protein and vitamin C than female students. The mean daily intake of vitamin B$_2$, calcium and zinc of all subjects did not meet the Korean RDA. Also, iron intake of female students was lower than the Korean RDA. The mean level of serum leptin was the highest in male and female overweight subjects (p＜0.001). The HDL-cholesterol level was the highest in the underweight group of male subjects (p＜0.05) and in the normal weight group of female subjects (p＜0.001) The serum level of leptin and atherogenic index (AI) of females were higher than those of males. Serum leptin of total subjects had significantly positive correlation with obesity index, weight, SBP, body fat, cholesterol intake, serum triglyceride, and AI. However, serum leptin was negatively correlated with LBM, TBW, intake of plant protein, vitamin B$_1$, vitamin C and serum HDL-cholesterol. Obesity index was also positively correlated with weight, SBP, body fat, serum triglyceride and AI. To summarize the results, the vitamin B$_2$, calcium, zinc, iron and fiber intakes should be supplied to elementary school students, especially those who were overweight. The average serum leptin level of students showed remarkably positive correlation with obesity index, body fat, serum lipids and AI. Also, it was suggested that the serum leptin might be related to the dietary factors like cholesterol, plant protein, vitamin B$_1$ and vitamin C of elementary school students.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.12 no.4 s.31
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• pp.53-60
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• 2004

Congestion index is needed for quantifying congestion level for various areas. So far, the index has been calculated based on multiple vehicle data for specified time interval. Such being the case, it was costly to build it and the usage of it was focused on policy development and evaluation rather than on traffic information provision. This study focuses on a development on a single vehicle based congestion index which can be a representative value for link congestion level and link speed information at the same time for dual purposes of traditional usages and information provision. A new term has been added for representing real time based arterial congestion level and it has been verified on a real time basis. The index was based on single vehicle GPS data and seemed to be cost effective in deriving the index. With the help of the index, the traffic information contents can be diversified in a constructive way in providing real time traffic information for ITS area and in using congestion level determination for traditional transportation areas.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.221-232
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• 2015

In this study, the vertical characteristics of wind were analyzed using the horizontal wind, vertical wind, and vertical wind shear, which are generated from a wind profiler during concentrated heavy rain, and the quantitative characteristics of concentrated heavy rain were analyzed using CAPE, SWEAT, and SRH, among the stability indexes. The analysis of the horizontal wind showed that 9 cases out of 10 had a low level jet of 25 kts at altitudes lower than 1.5 km, and that the precipitation varied according to the altitude and distribution of the low-level jet. The analysis of the vertical wind showed that it ascended up to about 3 km before precipitation. The analysis of the vertical wind shear showed that it increased up to a 1 km altitude before precipitation and had a strong value near 3 km during heavy rains. In the stability index analysis, CAPE, which represents thermal buoyancy, and SRH, which represents dynamic vorticity, were used for the interpretation of the period of heavy rain. As SWEAT contains dynamic upper level wind and thermal energy, it had a high correlation coefficient with concentrated-heavy-rain analysis. Through the case studies conducted on August 12-13, 2012, it was confirmed that the interpretation of the prediction of the period of heavy rain was possible when using the intensive observation data from a wind profiler and the stability index.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.193-206
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• 2009

Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Low Level Laser Therapy on Atopic dermatitis symptoms. Methods 19 patients (7 men, 12 women) were involved in this study. The intensity of SCORAD index (Erythema/darkening, Edema/papulation, Oozing/crust, Excoriation, Lichenification/prurigo, Dryness) and the symptom of SCORAD index (Pruritus) in two regions were measured. One region was treated by LLLT, the other region was not treated. Then a comparative study of index score of two regions was analyzed. Results After treatment, there were statistically significant differences in Edema/papulation, Excoriation (p<0.001), Oozing/crust (p<0.01), and Pruritus(p<0.05) index. Conclusions Based on the results, we concluded that LLLT is an effective in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Also, further controlled studies with clinical cases of appropriate treatment time, wavelength, and intervals are needed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.3028-3039
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• 2015

Recently, the web index of Korea peaked at the top 10 among the eighty six countries, and Korea became the only Asian country ranked at the top level. Korea also has been on the top in the field of Internet penetration rate, in terms of both high-speed broadband and wireless Internet. However, such achievements did not guarantee the national level for the effective use of information utilizing Internet. According to OECD, the national informatization index of Korea has not been free from the middle of the OECD countries. Despite of the heightened pressure in practically enhancing effective information use utilizing Internet, the previous research interests and efforts to develop the Internet-related framework or to identify Internet capabilities rarely existed. The study aims to propose the framework, named "Internet Information Orientation" that illustrates the relationship between Internet capabilities and national competitiveness on Internet. The research identified the specific Internet capabilities, reclassified the capabilities based on the research issues provided at the 6^th international conference on Internet held in December 2014, and finally described the rigorous research endeavors on the issues. As a result, 16 papers presented and selected as the outstanding papers at the conference handle issues to be brought together, which include: Wireless Network, Internet of Things, Green Computing, Multimedia Processing, Big Data and Text Mining, Database in Cloud Environment, Business Intelligence, Software Engineering, IT Strategy & Policy, and Social Network Services.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

This study is aimed to quantitatively evaluate the effects of drought on groundwater system in rural areas. For this purpose, the standardized groundwater level index (SGI) was used for 68 groundwater monitoring wells. To determine accumulation period (AP) which represents the month with the highest correlation coefficient between SGI and SPI, correlation analysis between the two for 68 wells were peformed. The results indicated the AP values ranged in 1~3 months for most of the well, but it was 7~10 months in some wells. These results can be interpreted such that the total amount of groundwater will not decrease significantly in long-term drought situations unlikely the reservoirs with the high AP values. The nationwide maximum AP values were 4.1 and 4.0 in Chungbuk-do and Gyeongnam-do, while the minimum AP values were 1.8 and 2.0 in Gangwon-do and Chungnam-do, respectively. The maximum and minimum values of correlation coefficient were 0.623 and 0.459 in Gyeongnam-do and Chungnam-do/Chungbuk-do, respectively. Consequently, it could be concluded that the wells with low AP value tend to respond to short-term drought, but it has little effect on groundwater system when the long drought occurs.